American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"Dentofacial features and bullying: A study of adolescents in Saudi public schools.","authors":"Mohamed Bamashmous, Dalia E Meisha","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bullying among schoolchildren is a pervasive phenomenon that significantly impacts their mental and physical health. Dentofacial features often make children targets for bullying, leading to psychosocial distress. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of bullying related to dentofacial features among adolescents in public schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and to identify its predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving sixth-grade and high school children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed for predicting bullying.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1149 schoolchildren (mean age, 13.3 years) participated in this study. The prevalence of experiencing some form of bullying was 45.9%. Bullied adolescents reported higher rates of absenteeism, a negative effect on their academic grades, and being unhappy in their school environment. Among the physical characteristics, teeth ranked third as a predictor of being bullied, after height and weight. Specific dentofacial features such as protruding teeth were the most common target. Male students were more likely to be bullied (odds ratio = 1.5; P = 0.002) than female students. Sixth-grade children experienced more bullying than high school students (odds ratio = 2.2; P <0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bullying is prevalent among schoolchildren in Jeddah, and physical and dentofacial features are common targets, especially a prominent overjet and a gummy smile. Male and younger-grade children experienced significantly more bullying. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive antibullying programs and support systems that address both physical and emotional aspects of well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer-4.0's accuracy in assessing cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist maturation stages: A retrospective study.","authors":"Meryem Akpınar, Farhad Salmanpour","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer version 4.0 (ChatGPT-4.0) in determining cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist maturation stages using cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographic films.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 238 subjects who had cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs taken on the same day. Each hand-wrist maturation stage was independently evaluated by 3 orthodontists using the method described by Björk and Helm, whereas cervical vertebrae maturation stages were assessed following the methodology proposed by Bacetti and coworkers. These evaluations served as the reference standard for measuring the performance of ChatGPT-4.0. The hand-wrist and cephalometric radiographs were analyzed by ChatGPT-4.0, and the results were recorded by the primary researcher.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model achieved its highest performance in the hand-wrist maturation stages during the RU stage, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.89. However, despite high precision values in the PP3U and MP3U stages, the model exhibited low recall values, indicating that certain positive instances were missed. In other stages, particularly DP3U and MP3CAP, low precision and recall values limited classification accuracy. Regarding cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVS), the model performed best in CVS1 (AUC, 0.82; precision, 0.806), with relatively favorable AUC values observed in CVS2 (AUC, 0.77). However, its predictive performance in CVS3 and CVS6 stages was suboptimal (AUC <0.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT-4.0 demonstrated accurate predictions in the RU and CVS1 stages. However, its overall performance was found to be inferior to that of other artificial intelligence models.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The visual perceptions of chin deviations in different facial types among orthodontists, orthodontic patients, and laypersons.","authors":"Navid Naseri, Shahram Hamedani, Mohamad Shirkhani, Neda Mehrasa, Dorna Shirali, Tahereh Baherimoghadam","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple factors may influence the threshold at which chin deviation is detected and the point at which it is perceived as esthetically unacceptable. This study aimed to identify and compare the detection thresholds for chin deviation among orthodontists, orthodontic patients, and laypersons, and to assess how these thresholds vary across different facial types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Photographs of a female subject were digitally manipulated to create 3 facial types (euryprosopic, mesoprosopic, and leptoprosopic) and 7 chin deviations ranging from 0° (no alteration) to 6° (most severe alteration). Evaluators assessed the attractiveness of each image using a visual analog scale and also determined whether treatment was needed. Responses were collected from orthodontists (n = 245), orthodontic patients (n = 443), and laypersons (n = 513). Analysis of variance, general linear model, and post-hoc tests were employed to determine the attractiveness ratings and diagnostic thresholds for chin asymmetries across different facial types.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 3 evaluator groups rated 0° and 1° deviations as the most attractive across all facial types. Orthodontists were able to detect chin deviation at lower thresholds, 2° in the euryprosopic type, and 1° in the mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic types. Orthodontic patients identified chin deviations at 3° in euryprosopic and mesoprosopic types (male evaluators), and at 2° mesoprosopic (female evaluators) and leptoprosopic types. Laypersons detected chin deviations at the highest thresholds (ie, 4° in euryprosopic and 3° in both mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic types).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthodontists were the most perceptive evaluators, followed by orthodontic patients, whereas laypersons were the most lenient in their assessments. Facial type influenced the threshold at which chin deviations were perceived as unacceptable, with the euryprosopic facial type showing greater tolerance for chin deviation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dental crowding on the trueness and precision of intraoral scanners: Comparison across different devices and techniques.","authors":"Elabbas Elhussain, Oscar Figueras-Álvarez, Miguel Roig-Cayon, Jordi Ortega-Martínez, Carla Vidal-Ponsoda","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated the impact of dental crowding on the trueness and precision of 6 intraoral scanners (Primescan [Dentsply Sirona], Medit i700 [Medit, Seoul, South Korea], Trios 3 [3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark], iTero Element 5D [Align Technology, San Jose, Calif], Shining 3D [Shining 3D Technology, Hangzhou, China], and Helios 600 [Changzhou Sifary Medical Technology Co Ltd, Changzhou, China]) and extraoral scans of conventional silicone impressions using 3-dimensional-printed mandibular models with different crowding levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mandibular models with no, slight, and severe crowding were scanned 5 times with each intraoral scanner and silicone impression. Trueness was assessed by comparing scans to a reference scan using Geomagic Control X, whereas precision was evaluated through intragroup comparisons. Root mean square (RMS) values were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance and post-hoc least significant difference tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Crowding significantly affected both trueness (P = 0.001) and precision (P <0.05), with severe crowding leading to higher RMS values. Scanner type also influenced results (P <0.001 for trueness; P <0.05 for precision). Silicone impressions showed lower trueness (RMS = 0.1027 mm) and precision (RMS = 0.0788 mm) than intraoral scanners (P <0.001). Among scanners, iTero Element 5D and Trios 3 exhibited the highest precision, whereas Primescan had significantly lower trueness. A significant interaction between the scanning method and crowding (P <0.05) indicated crowding effects that varied by the scanner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dental crowding reduces the accuracy of intraoral scanners and silicone impressions, particularly in severe malocclusion. Optimizing scanning strategies and selecting the appropriate scanner is essential for improving outcomes in crowded dentitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability in Class II correction with maxillary distalization: Case Report Update","authors":"Jae Hyun Park (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 4","pages":"Pages 395-397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What about character?","authors":"Peter M. Greco","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 4","pages":"Pages 398-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"October 2025 Continuing Education","authors":"Dr Allen H. Moffitt (CE Editor)","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 4","pages":"Pages 517.e1-517.e2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy and reliability of 2 artificial intelligence platforms for cephalometric analysis compared with a semiautomatic computer program","authors":"Ian Raby ,&nbsp;Victor Rojas ,&nbsp;Andres Celis ,&nbsp;Catalina García-Duhalde ,&nbsp;Macarena Martinac","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Web-based platforms offer cephalometric tracing using artificial intelligence (AI) with varying performance levels. This study assessed the accuracy, reliability, and time efficiency of cephalometric tracings performed with the AI Web-based platforms WebCeph (Assemble Circle, Seoul, South Korea) and CephX (ORCA Dental AI, Las Vegas, Nev) in both their automated and corrected forms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty pretreatment lateral cephalograms of patients were randomly selected and traced using AI platforms WebCeph and CephX in both their automated and landmark-corrected forms, along with the Dolphin Imaging software (version 13.01; Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif) as the “gold standard.” Twelve parameters involving sagittal, vertical, dental, and soft-tissue dimensions were selected. The time required for each analysis was measured using a stopwatch. Intersystem comparisons were performed using ordinary least squares linear regression models, with Dolphin Imaging software as the reference. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine the agreement among systems. A significance level of <em>P</em> &lt;0.05 was applied, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for all outcomes. Clinically relevant differences were defined as angular discrepancies greater than 2° or linear discrepancies exceeding 2 mm.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The AI systems in their corrected form showed similar results to those of Dolphin Imaging software. If a 14% error is accepted, they were accurate and reliable in 11 of 12 parameters. Moreover, it was possible to reduce the tracing time by 46% compared with Dolphin Imaging software. The automated systems demonstrated low reliability and accuracy for cephalometric analysis. CephX and WebCeph are still not suitable for assessing soft-tissue parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CephX and WebCeph platforms for cephalometric tracing are valuable diagnosis tools only when landmark correction is applied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 4","pages":"Pages 505-514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Missed oral pathology","authors":"Christopher A. Roberts ,&nbsp;Robert E. Varner","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 4","pages":"Pages 400-403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palatal bone healing after removal of miniscrews-assisted rapid palatal expansion devices.","authors":"Hieu Nguyen, Kee-Joon Lee, Hyeonjong Lee, Chena Lee, Dongjae Kim, Yoon Jeong Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) is an effective approach for correcting maxillary constriction in adults. This study aimed to evaluate palatal bone healing after miniscrew removal in MARPE-treated patients and to identify key factors influencing the healing process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 38 patients (18 men, 20 women; mean age at ≥6 months postremoval [T2], 24.7 ± 4.2 years) and analyzed 152 removal sites (76 anterior and 76 posterior). The average number of MARPE screw turns and expansion width were 29.5 ± 6.1 mm and 5.9 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. At the end of the consolidation phase (T1) and T2, miniscrew inclination, distance to the midpalatal suture, palatal bone thickness, and removal site dimensions (width, depth, volume, and total surface area) were measured. The average T1-T2 interval was 12.0 ± 3.7 months. Volume and total surface area healing ratios-representing percentage of bone recovery-were separately compared between anterior and posterior sites, and between monocortical and bicortical sites. Correlation analyses (point-biserial, Spearman, or Kendall's tau) assessed relationships between healing and patient-related and miniscrew-related factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All removal site dimensions decreased significantly at T2. Anterior and monocortical sites showed significantly greater healing. Posterior site healing ratios were significantly correlated with age at T2, healing duration, MARPE width, distance to midpalatal suture, palatal bone thickness, and anchorage type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Substantial palatal bone healing occurred after miniscrew removal. Healing was greater at anterior and monocortical sites, whereas posterior site healing was influenced by patient/miniscrew-related factors. This study addresses concerns regarding healing at the miniscrew removal site after MARPE; however, long-term follow-up is recommended for comprehensive insights.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}