American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"Bonding orthodontic adhesive to non-noble metal substrates: An in-vitro comparison of surface treatments and primer systems.","authors":"Jeffrey L Vincent, Princy Thakkar, Pouya Sabanik, Christos Vlachos, Nathaniel C Lawson","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To evaluate the effect of surface treatment and primer selection on the shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive to stainless steel (SS) and cobalt-chromium (CoCr).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Specimens of SS crowns and CoCr ingots (n = 10 per group) were left unprepared, bur-roughened, or sandblasted and treated with a metal primer, an orthodontic primer, or both. Adhesive buttons were bonded (Ultradent method), thermocycled (5000 cycles), and tested according to ISO 29022. Pretest failures were analyzed using Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test and measurable bond strengths were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance. Surface roughness and contact angle were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The metal primer alone caused complete pretest failure on unprepared and bur-roughened surfaces of both metals. For SS, surface treatment significantly influenced bond strength (P = 0.003), with the highest values after sandblasting; primer had no significant effect. For CoCr, surface treatment (P <0.001), primer selection (P <0.001), and their interaction (P = 0.009) were significant; sandblasting with the orthodontic primer produced the highest values. Sandblasting reduced the contact angle, whereas bur roughening produced the greatest roughness, suggesting distinct mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sandblasting with an orthodontic primer produced the highest bond strengths on both substrates. The metal primer alone was insufficient without sandblasting, and adding it to the orthodontic primer conferred no consistent benefit when bonding to either SS or CoCr.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149344460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S100A7 promotes orthodontic tooth movement by enhancing osteoclastogenesis via the receptor for advanced glycation end products.","authors":"Shengnan Wu, Xueyu Sun, Hao Xu, Fan Yang, Hanwen Zhang, Bin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.09.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) requires coordinated remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone, but clinically relevant molecular regulators remain incompletely defined. We investigated damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in human PDL and the mechanism by which a candidate DAMP regulates OTM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PDL from premolars exposed or not exposed to 7 days of orthodontic force underwent tandem mass tag-based proteomics. Candidate expression was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry. Wild-type and mS100a7a15-knockout mouse OTM models, local mS100a7a15 administration, and primary murine osteoclast assays were used to assess function and mechanism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>S100A7 was upregulated in force-loaded human PDL and peaked at day 7; its murine homolog, mS100a7a15, showed a similar pattern and was enriched on the compression side. mS100a7a15 deficiency reduced osteoclastogenesis, alveolar bone resorption, and OTM. Recombinant mS100a7a15 enhanced receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N (UBE2N) expression, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) ubiquitination, and NF-κB activation. Receptor for advanced glycation end products antagonism attenuated NF-κB activation and osteoclastogenesis, whereas Ube2n knockdown reduced TRAF6 ubiquitination and osteoclast differentiation. Local mS100a7a15 administration accelerated OTM without further reducing distal alveolar bone height in the 7-day model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>S100A7 promotes osteoclast-mediated OTM through the receptor for advanced glycation end products, UBE2N, TRAF6, and NF-κB axis. This pathway may provide a target for modulating orthodontic treatment rate, although long-term periodontal and root safety requires evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149372012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of sequential distalization with aligners using cone-beam computed tomography merged with intraoral scans.","authors":"Sanghee Lee, Takao Minamidate, Hiroyuki Watabe, Naoya Masuoka, Tarek El-Bialy, Greg J Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.08.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sequential distalization with clear aligners, supplemented by Class II elastics, is commonly used to treat mild-to-moderate Class II malocclusions. Although favorable clinical outcomes have been reported, the underlying mechanism of tooth movement remains incompletely understood because of the methodologic limitations of conventional analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 30 adults treated with Invisalign sequential distalization combined with Class II elastics. Pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography images and intraoral scans were merged using segmentation and registration software. The fused models were superimposed on stable maxillary structures with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing software, and the movement of the maxillary first molars was quantified in 3 planes of space using a 3-dimensional coordinate system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mesiobuccal cusp tip of the maxillary first molar moved distally by a mean of 1.75 mm, whereas the mesiobuccal root apex moved distally by only 0.35 mm, representing 69.7% and 27.6% of the planned movement, respectively. The achieved distal crown tipping (7.14°) significantly exceeded the planned value, whereas the mesial-out rotation (8.22°) was only slightly greater than planned.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients treated with sequential distalization and Class II elastics, maxillary first molar distalization occurred primarily through distal crown tipping and mesial-out rotation. Cone-beam computed tomography- intraoral scan fused models enabled precise 3-dimensional assessments of these tooth movements.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149327208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-longitudinal maxillomandibular growth changes across skeletal maturation stages in pediatric patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion","authors":"Hankyul Kim,&nbsp;Yoon Jeong Choi,&nbsp;Jae Hyun Park,&nbsp;Harim Kim,&nbsp;Ji-Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Chooryung J. Chung,&nbsp;Kyung-Ho Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.06.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to analyze the maxillomandibular growth patterns in pediatric patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion using longitudinal data classified according to skeletal maturity indicators (SMI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 21 boys and 23 girls with skeletal Class I malocclusion who had serial hand-wrist and lateral cephalometric radiographs from SMI stages 1-11 (at approximately 6-month intervals, mixed-longitudinal). Growth completion, residual growth, and growth velocity of the maxilla and mandible were evaluated. A linear mixed model was used to assess stage-to-stage changes across the SMI stages.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In boys, maxillary growth completion increased until SMI 5, whereas no significant increase was observed in girls. Mandibular growth completion increased significantly at nearly all SMI stages in both sexes, with growth velocity peaking near SMI 5. Residual mandibular growth at SMI 1 was 4-5 times greater than residual maxillary growth. The growth completion of the ramus increased significantly during SMI 6-7 and 10-11 in boys and during SMI 7-8 and 10-11 in girls. Posterior facial height increased more than anterior facial height in both sexes, with continued growth observed beyond SMI 10.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maxillary growth occurred primarily during the early skeletal stages, whereas mandibular growth peaked around puberty and continued afterward, especially in ramus height. The continued increase in posterior facial height during later stages may influence mandibular rotation. These growth patterns emphasize the importance of timely treatment and careful posttreatment monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Pages 674-686.e2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserving professionalism in academic discourse","authors":"Jae Hyun Park (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Pages 583-584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149289812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"That's integrity","authors":"Peter M. Greco","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.07.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.07.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Page 599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149289853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study of planned and achieved rotational changes of maxillary canines with clear aligner therapy","authors":"Hannah Chong,&nbsp;Tony Weir,&nbsp;Maurice J. Meade","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.05.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.05.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This retrospective study aimed to assess the accuracy of planned moderate-to-severe rotation changes (≥5°) of maxillary canines with the Invisalign (Align Technology, Tempe, Ariz) appliance. The secondary aim was to evaluate the influence of the planned rotation direction on the accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Digital models representing the initial malocclusion, the planned occlusions, and the achieved occlusions after the wear of an initial series of Invisalign aligners by adult patients were measured using metrology software. A method to define rotation directions was formulated. The sample was then divided into 5 categories by rotation type: mesial-in, mesial-out, distal-in, distal-out, and combination rotations. This categorization enabled subsequent analyses to determine whether the planned rotation directions were met and whether rotation direction influenced accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 114 maxillary canines from 75 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. Overall, the mean accuracy of the planned rotation was 64%. Rotation direction had no statistically significant influence on the accuracy of the planned rotations. Planned rotation directions were achieved in 77% of the maxillary canines evaluated. Combination rotations demonstrated the greatest variability, with 51% rotating in a direction other than that planned. A 1° increase in rotational velocity per aligner correlated with a 5.35° shortfall in the accuracy of this rotation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The achieved rotation of maxillary canines after the wear of an initial series of Invisalign aligners differed from the planned movements in both magnitude and direction for planned rotations of ≥5°. A method for classifying rotation types was developed, which may facilitate further research to guide clinicians and optimize treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Pages 612-622.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Success rate and complications of Bollard-modified miniplates for bone-anchored maxillary protraction in growing patients: A single-surgeon retrospective cohort study","authors":"Lieselotte De Bruyn,&nbsp;Veronica Scocca,&nbsp;Araceli Diez-Fraile,&nbsp;Gwen R.J. Swennen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the success rate, stability, and complications of Bollard-modified miniplate anchorage for bone-anchored maxillary protraction (BAMP) in a large cohort of growing patients treated by a single surgeon with long-term follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included 299 growing patients with maxillary hypoplasia and Class III malocclusion who underwent Bollard-modified miniplate placement for BAMP between January 2007 and December 2019. A total of 1196 miniplates were placed. The mean follow-up duration was 4.2 years. Outcomes were assessed at both the miniplate level and the patient level. Patient-level logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of age at surgery and sex with adverse events.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall success rate of Bollard-modified miniplate anchorage was 96.5%. During orthodontic loading, 50 miniplates (4.2%) developed mobility or inflammation; after conservative management, 18 regained stability, 24 were removed and successfully replaced, and 8 were removed and not replaced. Complications were more frequent in the maxilla than in the mandible (odds ratio [OR], 3.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.70-5.61; <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). Younger age at surgery was independently associated with a higher likelihood of complications (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96; <em>P</em> = 0.025), miniplate removal (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.48-0.98; <em>P</em> = 0.036), and miniplate replacement (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42-0.92; <em>P</em> = 0.018). Sex was not significantly associated with any of these outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bollard-modified miniplate anchorage for BAMP showed high long-term success and low complication rates in growing patients. Complications were more frequent in the maxilla than in the mandible, and younger age was associated with a higher likelihood of adverse events. These findings support the use of Bollard-modified miniplates as a reliable skeletal anchorage system for BAMP in children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Pages 687-695.e1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author’s response","authors":"Sanjivan Kandasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Page 592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149289893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking clear aligner effectiveness: The roles of constraint point and friction","authors":"Naphtali Brezniak","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.06.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2026.06.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"170 5","pages":"Pages 592-596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149289907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}