American Naturalist最新文献_第4页

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1086/742686

引用次数: 0

Seminal Fluid Proteins as Regulation Factors for Optimizing Reproduction: A Modeling Approach. 精液蛋白作为优化生殖的调节因子：一种建模方法。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1086/740809

Piotr Michalak, David Duneau, Jean-Baptiste Ferdy

{"title":"Seminal Fluid Proteins as Regulation Factors for Optimizing Reproduction: A Modeling Approach.","authors":"Piotr Michalak, David Duneau, Jean-Baptiste Ferdy","doi":"10.1086/740809","DOIUrl":"10.1086/740809","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMale-produced seminal fluid proteins modify female behavior and physiology. These proteins provide a mechanism by which males could manipulate female reproductive behavior. In Drosophila melanogaster, sex peptide (SP, Acp70A) influences egg production, oviposition, and female remating. Inside the female reproductive tract it is attached to sperm and is continuously released for days after mating, stimulating oviposition. However, SP is also known to impose later costs on the female's survival. Yet the direction and magnitude of the SP effects on the female's fitness is largely context dependent, and SP could benefit both males and females if it is a cue of sperm availability. Using a biologically informed model, we show how seminal fluid proteins can synchronize sperm and egg release and reduce the number of unfertilized eggs a female lays. We show that the exhaustion of SP-like protein might be the key signal of this synchronization, which is enabled by the binding to sperm. We stipulate that such synchronization and regulated decrease in oviposition is expected to be common and possibly an understudied general feature of reproduction. Finally, we argue that seminal fluid proteins might be harmful to the female, but the benefits of more efficient reproduction are likely to outweigh the costs.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"208 1","pages":"83-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Pachycephalosaurs, Trade-Offs, and the Historical Genesis of Sociosexual Display Structures. 厚头龙，权衡，和社会性展示结构的历史起源。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1086/740811

Louis-Philippe Bateman, Hans C E Larsson

{"title":"On Pachycephalosaurs, Trade-Offs, and the Historical Genesis of Sociosexual Display Structures.","authors":"Louis-Philippe Bateman, Hans C E Larsson","doi":"10.1086/740811","DOIUrl":"10.1086/740811","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe evolution of feeding performance traits is often inferred to reflect adaptation to dietary resources, but the role of constraint and trade-offs with other traits is rarely explored. Here, we focus on feeding performance in pachycephalosaurs, a group of Late Cretaceous dinosaurs known for their cranial dome. The bony dome is thought to be a sociosexual display structure, but we hypothesize that its presence constrained the space for jaw adductor musculature and reduced the angle of these muscles, thereby reducing feeding performance. We test this by reconstructing the cranial musculature of five phylogenetically and temporally diverse midsized herbivorous dinosaurs: two ornithischians (Heterodontosaurus tucki, Lesothosaurus diagnosticus), one ornithopod (Hypsilophodon foxii), one ceratopsian (Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis), and a pachycephalosaur (Stegoceras validum). Our model of Stegoceras validum-the first for any pachycephalosaur-suggests that its feeding performance was much closer to that of basal ornithischians and ornithopods than expected for a derived Late Cretaceous taxon and contrary to the derived feeding performance of Psittacosaurus lujiatunensis, another marginocephalian. We interpret that the dome constrained pachycephalosaurs to a more plesiomorphic dentition and low-fiber herbivore niche. This may constitute one of the first examples of a sociosexual display structure constraining the evolution of feeding traits. This research also highlights the unclear historical genesis of sociosexually selected structures, especially as to whether they are beneficial structures, costly structures, or \"opulent\" structures at their most incipient stages.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"208 1","pages":"9-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structured Landscapes Promote Persistence by Favoring Prudent Predators. 结构化的景观有利于谨慎的捕食者，从而促进持久性。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1086/740827

Leithen K M'Gonigle, Emma L Green, Philip B Greenspoon

{"title":"Structured Landscapes Promote Persistence by Favoring Prudent Predators.","authors":"Leithen K M'Gonigle, Emma L Green, Philip B Greenspoon","doi":"10.1086/740827","DOIUrl":"10.1086/740827","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractEvolution can generate surprising outcomes. One such outcome is \"adaptive decline,\" which occurs when a predator evolves to overexploit its prey, resulting in population decline of that predator and possibly even its extinction. Such a phenomenon has been theoretically demonstrated to occur in simple, well-mixed populations. However, in spatially explicit landscapes, a reduced population size may reduce the likelihood that one's progeny colonize a new patch. Thus, selection might directly favor larger population sizes, reducing adaptive decline. Here, we use a simulation model to investigate adaptive decline in multipatch landscapes. We find that landscape structure can have contrasting effects on adaptive decline: landscapes that comprise a greater number of interconnected patches exhibit less adaptive decline; however, reduced connectivity among patches increases the likelihood of extreme adaptive decline (i.e., adaptive decline leading to extinction). We highlight parallels between our work and both the evolution of virulence in host-parasite systems and the evolution of cooperation, where spatial structure typically facilitates reduced virulence and greater cooperation.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"208 1","pages":"72-82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Carbon Economy Explain Leaf Dynamic Seasonality in a Tropical Seasonal Rainforest? 碳经济能解释热带季节性雨林的叶片动态季节性吗？

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-22 DOI: 10.1086/740829

Zheng-Hong Tan, Lian-Yan Yang, Yue-Hua Hu, Liang Song, Ji-Ye Zeng, Yan Jin, Mou Zhang, Xin-Bo Guo, Yun Deng, Jun-Fu Zhao, Zhong-Yi Sun, Xiang Zhang

{"title":"Can Carbon Economy Explain Leaf Dynamic Seasonality in a Tropical Seasonal Rainforest?","authors":"Zheng-Hong Tan, Lian-Yan Yang, Yue-Hua Hu, Liang Song, Ji-Ye Zeng, Yan Jin, Mou Zhang, Xin-Bo Guo, Yun Deng, Jun-Fu Zhao, Zhong-Yi Sun, Xiang Zhang","doi":"10.1086/740829","DOIUrl":"10.1086/740829","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractSeasonal leaf dynamics in tropical rainforests directly affect canopy photosynthetic capacity and carbon assimilation. Although hypotheses such as water stress, solar light, and herbivore pressure have been proposed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, controversies remain because of the complexity of this phenomenon. In this study, we tested the \"carbon-gain (C-gain) benefit\" hypothesis, which proposes that seasonal leaf dynamics optimize C-gain by matching photosynthetic capacity with favorable environmental conditions, using 13-year community-level data from a tropical seasonal rainforest in southwestern China. We evaluated the seasonality of leaf shedding, leaf flushing, leaf age structure, and leaf longevity using modified models. According to the C-gain hypothesis, we would expect leaf dynamics to be synchronized with environmental conditions to maximize photosynthetic carbon assimilation, resulting in significantly higher C-gain compared with scenarios without seasonal optimization. However, we found that seasonal variation in leaf amount and age structure had negligible effects on annual C-gain. When considering the contribution of leaf seasonality to annual canopy photosynthesis, the difference between annual carbon gain calculated with fixed and varied maximum photosynthetic capacity was statistically insignificant. Our results thus did not support the C-gain benefit hypothesis. Instead, the robust seasonal patterns, coupled with minimal carbon benefit, lend support to the \"intrinsic rhythm\" hypothesis, wherein leaf dynamics are governed more by internal constraints than by direct optimization for carbon gain. These findings highlight the need to reconsider the ultimate drivers of tropical forest phenology.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"208 1","pages":"56-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Illustrative Case for Muscular Fatigue Resistance Underlying Exaggerated Begging in Avian Brood Parasites. 禽类寄生虫过度乞食背后的肌肉疲劳抵抗的一个例证。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1086/740830

Nicholas D Antonson, Mark E Hauber, Wendy M Schelsky, Carly Kallembach, Matthew J Fuxjager

{"title":"An Illustrative Case for Muscular Fatigue Resistance Underlying Exaggerated Begging in Avian Brood Parasites.","authors":"Nicholas D Antonson, Mark E Hauber, Wendy M Schelsky, Carly Kallembach, Matthew J Fuxjager","doi":"10.1086/740830","DOIUrl":"10.1086/740830","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractFood solicitation displays are critical for offspring survival and can become evolutionarily exaggerated because of sibling rivalry or parental conflict. Avian brood parasites represent extreme cases of these conflicts, using exaggerated begging displays to outcompete host offspring. Yet we know little about the physiology underlying such traits. Here, we investigated an interesting case of competitive begging asymmetry in brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) and host prothonotary warblers (Protonotaria citrea). Through behavioral assays, we found that cowbirds beg far longer than warblers, while each species' nestlings initiate begging at similar speeds. Meanwhile, complementary in situ muscle stimulation assays suggested that these effects were due to greater fatigue resistance in cowbirds compared with their host. While cowbirds represent only one evolutionary origin of obligate brood parasitism, our findings present a compelling path for future comparative work to explore muscular fatigue resistance as a key physiological innovation that facilitates competitive begging success in parasitic chicks.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"208 1","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Disturbing View of Life History Evolution. 生命史进化的令人不安的观点。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1086/739750

Katie Murray, Stuart Townley, Dave Hodgson

{"title":"A Disturbing View of Life History Evolution.","authors":"Katie Murray, Stuart Townley, Dave Hodgson","doi":"10.1086/739750","DOIUrl":"10.1086/739750","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractSpecies' lifetime schedules of survival, growth, and reproduction generally assort along a principal axis of variation called the \"fast-slow\" continuum, with positions attributed to the value of producing many fragile offspring early versus few high-quality offspring later. Fast species are classically associated with surplus or pulsed resources and slow species with stable, limiting resources. Here we demonstrate that the fast-slow continuum can also emerge as a zone of highest fitness in the face of unpredictable, catastrophic demographic disturbances regardless of resource supply, competition, or life history trade-offs. Our resilience framework measures resistance, recovery, and fitness of stage-structured life histories in stochastically disturbed environments. Structured disturbances favor either fast or slow life history variants because of their respective weak resistance and fast recovery or strong resistance and slow recovery. Demographic disturbance regimes might therefore play an important role in shaping nature's diversity of life histories. The resilience framework is a useful tool for understanding species' demographic and evolutionary responses to environmental fluctuations and change.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"207 6","pages":"785-799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Time Invariance and Nondecreasing Expectation of an Evolutionary Path Characteristic under Weak Selection. 弱选择下进化路径特征的时不变性和非递减期望。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-31 DOI: 10.1086/739954

Yun-Yun Yu, Cang Hui, Tian-Jiao Feng, Cong Li, Chao Wang, Yi Tao, Rui-Wu Wang

{"title":"The Time Invariance and Nondecreasing Expectation of an Evolutionary Path Characteristic under Weak Selection.","authors":"Yun-Yun Yu, Cang Hui, Tian-Jiao Feng, Cong Li, Chao Wang, Yi Tao, Rui-Wu Wang","doi":"10.1086/739954","DOIUrl":"10.1086/739954","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractFisher's fundamental theorem states that the rate of change in mean fitness due to natural selection equals the additive genetic variance in fitness, suggesting that selection generally drives populations toward higher average fitness. Yet in real populations, this increase can be altered or reversed by mutation, frequency-dependent selection, or environmental fluctuations, underscoring the need for complementary measures of adaptation. We analyze stochastic game dynamics of phenotypic frequency in large finite populations under weak frequency-dependent selection and genetic drift. Using the Fokker-Planck equation for the probability density of phenotypic frequency and a path integral formulation, we characterize the feature of possible evolutionary paths over finite timescales. Within this framework, we define the \"evolutionary path characteristic\" as the likelihood ratio between the probability densities of paths reaching a given endpoint under selection plus drift versus under neutrality. This ratio is time invariant and captures the cumulative effect of directional selection relative to drift. Importantly, its expected value, which equals 1 plus the χ2 divergence between evolutionary paths under selection and drift versus those under drift alone, is nondecreasing. In the presence of fitness variance, the effect of directional selection on phenotypic frequency accumulates over time, resulting in a divergence from paths shaped solely by drift. This framework complements Fisher's theorem by providing a robust measure of accumulating adaptation in stochastic evolutionary dynamics.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"207 6","pages":"860-869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Evolution of Ecomorphological Convergence in Dwarf Chameleons (Bradypodion). 矮变色龙生态形态趋同的进化。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-23 DOI: 10.1086/739749

Melissa A Petford, Anthony Herrel, Krystal A Tolley

{"title":"The Evolution of Ecomorphological Convergence in Dwarf Chameleons (Bradypodion).","authors":"Melissa A Petford, Anthony Herrel, Krystal A Tolley","doi":"10.1086/739749","DOIUrl":"10.1086/739749","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractEnvironmental variation can drive patterns of directional selection, often leading to adaptive changes in shape and form. When selection pressures are strong, different lineages may converge on similar phenotypes, or phenotypes may be conserved for a particular habitat type. In the dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion) of southern Africa, it has been hypothesized that some lineages have converged on similar phenotypes (ecomorphs) when they occur in habitats with similar vegetation structure. However, the convergence of lineages into ecomorphs has not been explicitly tested across the genus and could be due to other factors such as morphological conservatism or shifts of entire clades to new trait states. To assess these alternatives, we measured functional morphological traits across 24 lineages of Bradypodion and tested for evidence of phenotypic convergence using time-calibrated phylogenies. Our results indicated that many lineages that do not share a common ancestor, but are from similar habitats, have converged on similar phenotypes (i.e., tail length, hand size, foot size, casque height), with ecology showing a stronger influence than evolutionary history. We interpret this as adaptive changes in morphology in response to the constraints imposed by different habitat types.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"207 6","pages":"800-817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Thermal Tolerance Shapes Species Distributions: An Integrative Perspective on the Most Diverse Lizard Family from North America. 热耐受性如何塑造物种分布：对北美最多样化蜥蜴家族的综合观察。

IF 2.7 2区环境科学与生态学

American Naturalist Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1086/740125

Laura R V Alencar, Kiran Masroor, Saúl F Domínguez-Guerrero, Julia Laterza-Barbosa, Meaghan R Gade, Josef C Uyeda, Martha M Muñoz

{"title":"How Thermal Tolerance Shapes Species Distributions: An Integrative Perspective on the Most Diverse Lizard Family from North America.","authors":"Laura R V Alencar, Kiran Masroor, Saúl F Domínguez-Guerrero, Julia Laterza-Barbosa, Meaghan R Gade, Josef C Uyeda, Martha M Muñoz","doi":"10.1086/740125","DOIUrl":"10.1086/740125","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractUnderstanding how thermal tolerance determines species distributions is key to predicting species persistence in changing climates. However, thermal tolerance evolution is likely associated with multiple interacting abiotic and biotic factors, which are rarely explored in combination. Using an integrative framework, we examine how thermal tolerance breadth (TTB) relates to environmental variability, life history traits, and geography in a diverse lizard radiation (family: Phrynosomatidae). We test whether TTB evolution is primarily associated with shifts in cold tolerance (CTmin) or heat tolerance (CTmax) and assess its relationship with temperature variability, vegetation cover, range size, elevational range, reproduction mode, thermal preference, and body size. We found that, contrary to expectations, CTmax exhibits more macroevolutionary shifts than CTmin. Moreover, TTB shows no association with intrinsic traits such as body size and parity mode, suggesting that the evolution of TTB is primarily relevant in the context of environmental pressures rather than intrinsic biological constraints. Finally, causal models revealed that species with broader TTB tend to occupy more thermally heterogeneous regions, which in turn facilitates range expansion. A broader TTB may facilitate species persistence under changing climates, and incorporating physiological traits into conservation assessments could help identify species most vulnerable to climate change, particularly when thermal limits are evaluated in relation to environmental temperatures.","PeriodicalId":50800,"journal":{"name":"American Naturalist","volume":"207 6","pages":"818-837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0