Annals of Epidemiology最新文献_第3页

Improvements in stress and sleep following 24-months of Guaranteed Income, results from a randomized trial among Black women in Georgia 在24个月的保证收入后，压力和睡眠的改善，来自佐治亚州黑人妇女的随机试验结果。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.010

Kaitlyn Stanhope PhD , Quiana Lewis PhD, MPH , Laura Brugger PhD , Leah Hamilton PhD, MSW , Stephen Roll PhD , Latrice Rollins PhD, MSW , Naomi Zewde PhD

{"title":"Improvements in stress and sleep following 24-months of Guaranteed Income, results from a randomized trial among Black women in Georgia","authors":"Kaitlyn Stanhope PhD , Quiana Lewis PhD, MPH , Laura Brugger PhD , Leah Hamilton PhD, MSW , Stephen Roll PhD , Latrice Rollins PhD, MSW , Naomi Zewde PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To estimate differences in mental distress, sleep quality, and sleep duration following twelve and twenty-four months of receipt of guaranteed income (GI) between program participants and a comparison group.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a community-engaged intervention study (In Her Hands) between 2022 and 2024 in Georgia, United States. Participants included self-identified Black women with income ≤ 200 % of the federal poverty level who participated in follow-up surveys (12-month participation rates: intervention: 40.8 %; control: 11.9 %). GI recipients were selected via lottery; comparison participants were those not selected at baseline who completed follow-up surveys. We measured mental distress using the Kessler-10 and sleep quality and duration via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at 12- and 24-months following enrollment. We fit linear regression models using generalized estimating equations, accounting for site, age, and wave to estimate differences and 95 % confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We include 468 GI recipients and 374 controls (99.93 % Black; mean age 37.0 years, median annual income: $11,400). Following 12 and 24 months of GI receipt, GI recipients reported better sleep quality (24 month difference in PSQI score, −1.33 (-1.83, −0.82)) and lower mental distress (24 month K10 difference: −3.99 (-5.45, −2.52)) but not significant differences in sleep duration (24 month difference: 0.22 (-0.15, 0.60) compared to non-recipients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>At 12 and 24 months of GI, intervention participants reported higher sleep quality and lower mental distress compared to a comparison group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multivariable model for improving the identification of cerebral palsy cases in administrative health data 提高行政卫生资料中脑瘫病例识别的多变量模型

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.01.004

Peter M. Socha , Maryam Oskoui , Jennifer A. Hutcheon , Sam Harper

{"title":"A multivariable model for improving the identification of cerebral palsy cases in administrative health data","authors":"Peter M. Socha , Maryam Oskoui , Jennifer A. Hutcheon , Sam Harper","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To improve the identification of cerebral palsy cases in administrative health data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included all children in a population-based cerebral palsy registry in Quebec, Canada, born from 1999 through 2002, and a sample of children without cerebral palsy. Population-based hospitalization and physician billing records through 2012 were obtained for all children. We used logistic regression to model the probability of cerebral palsy, using International Classification of Diseases codes for related diseases. We reported receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision-recall (PR) curves, and compared the accuracy to that of existing algorithms. We also reported the accuracy of cerebral palsy codes by age, data source, and gestational age at birth.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The area under the ROC and PR curves of our model were 0.98 (95 % CI: 0.97–0.99) and 0.73 (95 % CI: 0.63–0.79), respectively. Cut-offs with a similar specificity to existing algorithms yielded sensitivities that were 1–14 %age-points higher. The sensitivity of cerebral palsy codes was higher (and the specificity was lower) with longer follow-up times since birth, when using both hospitalization and billing records, and among children born preterm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our model improved identification of cerebral palsy cases in administrative data, but residual misclassification remained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Pages 26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association between paternal race and ethnicity and a spectrum of birth defects in a national case-control study 一项国家病例对照研究中父亲种族和民族与出生缺陷谱之间的关系。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.01.002

Omobola O. Oluwafemi , Laura E. Mitchell , Jenil R. Patel , Wendy N. Nembhard , Gary M. Shaw , Andrew F. Olshan , Han Chen , A.J. Agopian

{"title":"The association between paternal race and ethnicity and a spectrum of birth defects in a national case-control study","authors":"Omobola O. Oluwafemi , Laura E. Mitchell , Jenil R. Patel , Wendy N. Nembhard , Gary M. Shaw , Andrew F. Olshan , Han Chen , A.J. Agopian","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To estimate associations between paternal race and ethnicity and a spectrum of birth defects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study for infants with birth defects and controls delivered between 1997–2011. Using unconditional logistic regression, we assessed associations between paternal race and ethnicity and 32 birth defects, before and after adjusting for maternal race and ethnicity and 14 other factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 33,455 fathers were analyzed (889 Asian/Pacific Islander [A/PI], 8394 Hispanic, 4139 non-Hispanic Black [NHB], and 20,033 non-Hispanic White [NHW]). Compared with NHW fathers, A/PI paternal race and ethnicity was significantly associated with 6/32 defects, Hispanic paternal ethnicity with 6/32 defects, and NHB paternal race and ethnicity with 7/32 defects, after adjustment. The strongest associations included A/PI and pulmonary valve stenosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.36, 95 % CI 0.18–0.71), Hispanic and heterotaxy (aOR 2.53, 95 % CI 1.57–4.06), and NHB and gastroschisis (aOR 2.25, 95 % CI 1.62–3.12).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Paternal race and ethnicity were associated with heterotaxy, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, and spina bifida, independent of maternal race and ethnicity. These findings warrant replication and further investigation into biological, environmental, and social mechanisms that may underlie these associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Pages 12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A global health crisis in young adults: 30-Year trends in high BMI-related early-onset cancer mortality 年轻人的全球健康危机：高bmi相关早发性癌症死亡率的30年趋势

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.006

Rupayan Kundu MD , Rishabh Kundu MSc , Sudipto Mukherjee MD, PhD

{"title":"A global health crisis in young adults: 30-Year trends in high BMI-related early-onset cancer mortality","authors":"Rupayan Kundu MD , Rishabh Kundu MSc , Sudipto Mukherjee MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Early-onset cancer (EOC), occurring in individuals aged 15–49 years, is a growing global health concern. High body mass index (BMI) is an established modifiable risk factor contributing to cancer morbidity and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Age-specific death percents and estimated annual percentage changes (APC) were calculated to assess mortality trends associated with high BMI using GBD 2021 data. Global and regional (5 socio-demographic (SDI) regions, 21 GBD regions and 204 countries) trends were analyzed. Statistical modeling, including 2 sample t-test were performed to estimate the standard deviations among each group which is plugged in the denominator to compute the statistic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, 23,078 EOC deaths related to high BMI occurred, accounting for 2.33 % of global EOC mortality, representing a 92.78 % increase since 1990. Males (2.96 %) exhibited a higher proportion of high BMI-attributable EOC deaths compared to females (1.72 %). High-income regions recorded the highest EOC deaths (3.78 %) associated with high BMI, with increasing trends observed across all SDI levels. At the national level, Tonga (8.38 %) and the UAE (8.09 %) had the highest high BMI-associated EOC mortality rates. Among cancer types, kidney and uterine cancers exhibited the highest mortality. Notably, high BMI demonstrated a protective effect against early-onset breast cancer in females.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The rising burden of EOC mortality attributed to high BMI underscores the need for urgent interventions in young adult population. Addressing obesity through lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery is crucial for reducing cancer burden. Future research should refine risk estimates and inform targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Pages 7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of extensive health examination survey screening on quality of life, healthcare use, and mortality: A longitudinal matched cohort study 广泛健康检查筛查对生活质量、医疗保健使用和死亡率的影响：一项纵向匹配队列研究。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.008

Ingvild M. Rosenlund MD, PhD , Ellisiv B. Mathiesen Professor, MD, PhD , Unni Ringberg MD, PhD , Liv-Hege Johnsen MD, PhD , Tom Wilsgaard Professor, PhD , Jørgen Isaksen MD, PhD , Tor Ingebrigtsen Professor, MD, PhD

{"title":"Impact of extensive health examination survey screening on quality of life, healthcare use, and mortality: A longitudinal matched cohort study","authors":"Ingvild M. Rosenlund MD, PhD , Ellisiv B. Mathiesen Professor, MD, PhD , Unni Ringberg MD, PhD , Liv-Hege Johnsen MD, PhD , Tom Wilsgaard Professor, PhD , Jørgen Isaksen MD, PhD , Tor Ingebrigtsen Professor, MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Widespread use of diagnostic testing in asymptomatic individuals raises ethical concerns. We aimed to investigate whether participation in an extensive health examination survey is associated with psychosocial outcomes, healthcare use, and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This longitudinal matched cohort study included 461 participants who underwent comprehensive screening examinations as part of the population-based Tromsø7 Study, including electrocardiogram, carotid artery ultrasound, echocardiography, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and spirometry. Age- and sex-matched controls (n = 461) were drawn from Tromsø7 participants who only underwent limited basic measurements. Health-related quality of life, psychological distress, and health anxiety were assessed at baseline and after 5 years. Data on healthcare utilization and mortality were obtained from national registries.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences were found in psychosocial outcomes. Healthcare use was largely similar, although screening participants had slightly fewer hospital admissions, 0.23 vs. 0.31 per person-year (95 % CI 0.19, 0.28 vs. 0.25, 0.38). Screening participants also had lower, but non-significant, risk of death compared with controls, hazard ratio 0.69 (95 % CI 0.47, 1.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Extensive health examination survey screening was not associated with psychosocial harms, healthcare use or statistically significant differences in mortality. Overall, the findings suggest that participation in such screening is safe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing intraclass correlation coefficient estimators for binary outcomes in sample size calculations in twin pregnancies 比较双胎妊娠中样本量计算中二元结果的类内相关系数估计。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.005

Peter M. Socha , Tim D’Aoust , Erica EM Moodie

{"title":"Comparing intraclass correlation coefficient estimators for binary outcomes in sample size calculations in twin pregnancies","authors":"Peter M. Socha , Tim D’Aoust , Erica EM Moodie","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) can be used to adjust for clustering in sample size calculations, but different ICC estimators for binary outcomes can return different estimates. We assessed the ability of five common ICC estimators to calculate sample sizes that achieve the desired power, for studies that compare binary outcomes in treated and untreated twin pregnancies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We simulated studies in twin pregnancies with varying levels of clustering and outcome prevalence. We used ICC estimators derived from logistic generalized estimating equations (GEE), analysis of variance (ANOVA), linear mixed modelling (LMM), and logistic generalized linear mixed modelling (GLMM). We calculated the required sample size to obtain 80 % power (5 % Type I error) using a standard formula and used simulation to estimate the empirical power.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ICC estimates from GEE, ANOVA, and LMM were similar to each other, constant across outcome prevalence, and yielded required sample sizes that achieved the desired power. ICC estimators using logistic GLMM varied across outcome prevalence and yielded required sample sizes that were larger than necessary (power >80 %) when clustering was high or when outcome prevalence was low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Investigators using ICCs in sample size calculations including twin pregnancies should consider avoiding estimates from logistic GLMMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 55-59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular effects of metformin and testosterone replacement therapy in older men with hormone-related cancers and cancer-free population 二甲双胍和睾酮替代疗法对老年男性激素相关癌症和无癌症人群的心血管影响

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.004

Omer Abdelgadir , Salome W. Njoroge , Anirudh S. Babu , Md Ibrahim Tahashilder , Jesus Gibran Hernandez-Perez , Luisa E. Torres-Sanchez , Maryam R. Hussain , Alejandro Villasante-Tezanos , Ioannis Malagaris , Wissam I. Khalife , Yong-Fang Kuo , David S. Lopez

{"title":"Cardiovascular effects of metformin and testosterone replacement therapy in older men with hormone-related cancers and cancer-free population","authors":"Omer Abdelgadir , Salome W. Njoroge , Anirudh S. Babu , Md Ibrahim Tahashilder , Jesus Gibran Hernandez-Perez , Luisa E. Torres-Sanchez , Maryam R. Hussain , Alejandro Villasante-Tezanos , Ioannis Malagaris , Wissam I. Khalife , Yong-Fang Kuo , David S. Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examines the association between use of metformin and testosterone replacement therapy (TTh) with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its subcategories in the overall population, hormone-related cancer (HRC) survivors, and cancer-free population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort of 58,028 men ≥ 65 years was identified using SEER-Medicare 2007–2015 data. Metformin and TTh prescriptions were ascertained for this analysis. The primary outcome was incident composite CVD and CVD subcategories (heart failure [HF], ischemic heart disease [IHD], peripheral arterial disease [PAD], and stroke). Multivariable time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Metformin use was inversely associated with CVD in the overall population (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.72, 95 % CI, 0.68 – 0.76), cancer-free population (HR = 0.72, 95 % CI, 0.68 – 0.76), and HRC survivors (HR = 0.67, 95 % CI, 0.64 – 0.73). Likewise, TTh use was inversely associated with CVD in overall population (HR = 0.82, 95 % CI, 0.67 – 0.99), cancer-free population (HR = 0.80, 95 % CI, 0.64 – 0.99), and HRC survivors (HR = 0.64, 95 % CI, 0.48 – 86).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Metformin and TTh were inversely associated with CVD among older men in the overall population, HRC survivors, and cancer-free populations. Metformin users showed the greatest CVD risk reduction. Further studies are warranted to confirm these associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying U.S. life expectancy gains from reductions in Black-White mortality disparities: A simulation study 通过减少黑人-白人死亡率差异量化美国人的预期寿命：一项模拟研究。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.001

Daniel Kim M.D., Dr.P.H.

{"title":"Quantifying U.S. life expectancy gains from reductions in Black-White mortality disparities: A simulation study","authors":"Daniel Kim M.D., Dr.P.H.","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Substantial gaps remain in life expectancy (LE) between Black and White Americans. The present study aimed to simulate hypothetical reductions in excess mortality risk for Black Americans across all ages; to identify the extent to which LE can improve as one varies the excess risk reduction level; and to provide quantitative estimates of potential LE gains if racial disparities in mortality were reduced in particular age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>I simulated counterfactual reductions in the Black–White mortality gap by scaling down the excess relative risk across all ages. I further calculated the overall LE weighted according to population shares of all major racial/ethnic groups, and then disaggregated these impacts by age group—children (0–17 years), young adults (18–29 years), middle-aged adults (30–49 years), older adults (50–64 years), and seniors (65+ years).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Each successive 25% reduction in excess mortality risk was associated with an incremental improvement in LE, and closing the excess risk gap entirely was projected to improve overall LE by 0.48 years in females and 0.77 years in males. In both sexes, there was a striking pattern of the biggest LE gains being observed with narrowing the excess mortality gaps in middle-aged adult (30–49 years) and older adult (50−64 years) populations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, this study provides new quantitative evidence that addressing racial inequities in mortality—in particular the excess risks faced by Black Americans—could yield meaningful gains in national life expectancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 60-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Under-five mortality estimation methods: A methodological systematic review 五岁以下儿童死亡率估计方法：方法学系统审查。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.007

Bereket Kefale , Jonine Jancey , Amanuel T. Gebremedhin , Daniel Gashaneh Belay , Gavin Pereira , Gizachew A. Tessema

{"title":"Under-five mortality estimation methods: A methodological systematic review","authors":"Bereket Kefale , Jonine Jancey , Amanuel T. Gebremedhin , Daniel Gashaneh Belay , Gavin Pereira , Gizachew A. Tessema","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This methodological systematic review aimed to identify and synthesise the existing under-five mortality (U5M) estimation methods globally.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched seven databases including Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Global Health, and ProQuest Central, as well as grey literature sources from inception to September 25, 2025. The review protocol was prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42023465476).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-six studies were included in this review. The most frequently employed child mortality estimation method was the indirect method (n = 16), followed by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study method (n = 12) and the direct method (n = 11). The most commonly applied models were spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression and the Bayesian B-spline bias-reduction model. Substantial variation was observed across studies in geographical scope, temporal coverage, data sources, uncertainty quantification, statistical modelling, and bias adjustment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There are substantial variations in U5M estimation methods, with challenges in data availability, uncertainty estimation, and bias adjustment. These findings highlight the need to harmonise methodological approaches and refine estimation methods. Strengthening vital registration systems is essential to ensure accurate, reliable data to inform evidence-based decision-making and track progress towards U5M reduction targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-jurisdiction linkage of PRAMS and hospital discharge data: Methods, key challenges, and practical applications PRAMS与医院出院数据的多辖区联动：方法、关键挑战和实际应用。

IF 3 3区医学

Annals of Epidemiology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.003

Jared W. Parrish , Shannon Vance , Stephany Strahle , Sarah L. Stone , Xiaohui Geng , Generosa Kakoti , Syreen Goulmamine , Sean Coffinger

{"title":"Multi-jurisdiction linkage of PRAMS and hospital discharge data: Methods, key challenges, and practical applications","authors":"Jared W. Parrish , Shannon Vance , Stephany Strahle , Sarah L. Stone , Xiaohui Geng , Generosa Kakoti , Syreen Goulmamine , Sean Coffinger","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Linking Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data with hospital discharge data (HDD) offers opportunities to explore self-reported factors on PRAMS with maternal health outcomes like severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP). This study outlines the methods and challenges with creating a multi-jurisdiction PRAMS-HDD record level linked dataset using existing data linkages for assessing factors associated with SMM and HDP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four jurisdictions participating in a PRAMS data linkage learning community linked PRAMS and HDD deliveries from 2017 to 2020 using various linkage strategies. Both SMM and HDP were identified in the HDD data using a standardized algorithm provided by the researcher. Record level PRAMS data with SMM and HDP indicators were then combined across states. Potential impact of linkage rates and quality, prevalence of the outcome, sampling strata, and response rates were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the four states, 17,878 PRAMS respondents were linked to a hospital delivery recorded in the HDD. Linkage rates varied from 63 % to 99 % (86 % overall). 227 SMM (1.3 %) and 2889 HDP (17.2 %) cases were identified and varied significantly by state. Linkage rates influenced reliability of outcome classification.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Multi-jurisdiction PRAMS linkage offers potential for evaluating maternal health outcomes. However, variations in data quality, linkage rates and sampling strategy impact result reliability. Future multi-jurisdiction PRAMS linkage studies should prioritize standardizing data structures, protocols, and linkage methodology to maximize results quality and generalizability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Pages 47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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