Annals of Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"‎The association between cumulative exposure to neighborhood walkability (NW) and diabetes risk, a prospective cohort study","authors":"Simin Hua ,&nbsp;Sandra India-Aldana ,&nbsp;Tess V. Clendenen ,&nbsp;Byoungjun Kim ,&nbsp;James W. Quinn ,&nbsp;Yelena Afanasyeva ,&nbsp;Karen L. Koenig ,&nbsp;Mengling Liu ,&nbsp;Kathryn M. Neckerman ,&nbsp;Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte ,&nbsp;Andrew G. Rundle ,&nbsp;Yu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine the association between cumulative exposure to neighborhood walkability (NW) and diabetes risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 11,037 women free of diabetes at enrollment were included. We constructed a 4-item NW index at baseline, and a 2-item average annual NW across years of follow-up that captured both changes in neighborhood features and residential moves. We used multivariable Cox PH regression models with robust variance to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of diabetes by NW scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with women living in areas with lowest NW (Q1), those living in areas with highest NW (Q4) had 33 % (26 %−39 %) reduced risk of incident diabetes, using baseline NW, and 25 % (95 % CI 11 %−36 %), using average annual NW. Analysis using time-varying exposure showed that diabetes risks decreased by 13 % (10 %−16 %) per -standard deviation increase in NW. The associations remained similar when using inverse probability of attrition weights and/or competing risk models to account for the effect of censoring due to death or non-response. The associations of average annual NW with incident diabetes were stronger in postmenopausal women as compared to premenopausal women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Long-term residence in more walkable neighborhoods may be protective against diabetes in women, especially postmenopausal women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Pages 27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of frailty: How the associations between modifiable risk factors and dementia vary","authors":"Lingyuan Gao M.S. ,&nbsp;Junhan Tang M.S. ,&nbsp;Michelle C. Odden Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Chenkai Wu Ph.D., M.P.H., M.S.","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Lancet Commission has highlighted 12 modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, the effects of addressing these risk factors among the heterogeneous older adult population is not fully understood. We compared the association between risk factors and dementia by frailty, conceptualized as an explanation for the underlying health heterogeneity in old age.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were from the UK Biobank, a cohort study with over 500,000 participants aged 37–73 between 2006 and 2010. Frailty was measured by five criteria: slowness, weakness, exhaustion, inactivity, and shrinking. Participants meeting 0, 1–2, and 3–5 criteria were considered non-frail, prefrail, and frail, respectively. We included 13 modifiable risk factors. We used logistic regression to determine the associations of risk factors with 10-year dementia among non-frail, pre-frail, and frail individuals, respectively. Additionally, we adopted a g-computation method to estimate the individual and combined population intervention effects (PIE) of the risk factors for dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 381,419 participants, 58.4 %, 38.2 %, and 3.4 % were classified as non-frail, pre-frail, and frail, respectively. Except for smoking, depression, and excessive alcohol use, the other 10 risk factors had a stronger association with dementia among frailer individuals. We observed the highest PIEs among frail individuals when considering hypothetical interventions targeting low education, physical inactivity, central obesity, social isolation, hearing impairment, hypertension, diabetes, high nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) exposure, high exposure of particulate matter with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers (PM_2.5), and traumatic brain injury individually. For the hypothetical interventions targeting all 13 risk factors together, we found a graded increase in the PIE across frailty status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The associations between modifiable risk factors and dementia were stronger among the frail. We advocate for incorporating frailty assessments to pinpoint those most likely to benefit from targeted risk factor interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Calculating risk and prevalence ratios and differences in R: Developing intuition with a hands-on tutorial and code” [Ann Epidemiol 86 (2023) 104–109]","authors":"Rachel R. Yorlets ,&nbsp;Youjin Lee ,&nbsp;Jason R. Gantenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Page 47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of multiple mediation with contextual neighborhood measures in ovarian cancer survival","authors":"Andrew B. Lawson ,&nbsp;Yao Xin ,&nbsp;Edward S. Peters ,&nbsp;Courtney Johnson ,&nbsp;Theresa Hastert ,&nbsp;Elisa V. Bandera ,&nbsp;Anthony J. Alberg ,&nbsp;Lindsay Collin ,&nbsp;Paul Terry ,&nbsp;Maxwell Akonde ,&nbsp;Hannah Mandle ,&nbsp;Michele L. Cote ,&nbsp;Melissa Bondy ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Marks ,&nbsp;Lauren C. Peres ,&nbsp;Kendra L. Ratnapradipa ,&nbsp;Joellen M. Schildkraut","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mediation by multiple agents can affect the relation between neighborhood deprivation and segregation indices and ovarian cancer survival. In this paper, we examine a variety of potential clinical mediators in the association between deprivation indices (DIs) and segregation indices (SIs) with all-cause survival among women with ovarian cancer in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We use novel Bayesian multiple mediation structural models to assess the joint role of mediators (stage at diagnosis, histology, diagnostic delay) combined with the DIs and SIs (Yost, ADI, Kolak’s URB, ICE-income) and a set of confounders with survival. The confounder set is selected in a preliminary step, and each DI or SI is included in separate model fits.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>When multiple mediators are included, the total impact of DIs and SIs on survival is much reduced. Unlike the single mediator examples previously reported, the Yost, ADI and ICE-income indices do not display significant direct effects. This suggests that when important clinical mediators are included, the impact of neighborhood SES indices is significantly attenuated. It is also clear that certain behavioral and demographic measures such as physical activity, smoking, or adjusted family income do not have a significant role in survival when mediated by clinical factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Multiple mediation via clinical and diagnostic-related measures reduces the contextual effects of neighborhood measures on ovarian cancer survival. The robust association of the Kolak URB index on survival may be due to its relevance to access to care, unlike SES-based indices whose impact was significantly reduced when important clinical mediators were included.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Pages 41-46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between daily distributional patterns of physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk among older adults in NHANES 2003-2006","authors":"Sunwoo Emma Cho ,&nbsp;Enakshi Saha ,&nbsp;Marcos Matabuena ,&nbsp;Jingkai Wei ,&nbsp;Rahul Ghosal","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Physical activity (PA) has previously been shown to be a prominent risk factor for CVD mortality. Traditionally, measurements of PA have been self-reported and based on various summary metrics. However, recent advances in wearable technology provide continuously monitored and objectively measured physical activity data. This facilitates a more comprehensive interpretation of the implications of PA in the context of CVD mortality by considering its daily patterns and compositions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized accelerometer data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) on 2816 older adults aged 50–85 and mortality data from the National Death Index (NDI) in December 2019. A novel partially functional distributional analysis method was used to quantify and understand the association between daily distributional patterns of physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk through a multivariable functional Cox model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A higher mean intensity of daily PA during the day was associated with a reduced hazard of CVD mortality after adjusting for other higher order distributional summaries of PA and age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking and coronary heart disease (CHD). A higher daily variability of PA during afternoon was associated with a reduced hazard of CVD mortality, after adjusting for the other predictors, particularly on weekdays. The subjects with a lower variability of PA, despite having same mean PA throughout the day, could have a lower reserve of PA and hence could be at increased risk for CVD mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results demonstrate that not only the mean intensity of daily PA during daytime, but also the variability of PA during afternoon could be an important protective factor against the risk of CVD-mortality. Considering circadian rhythm of PA as well as its daily compositions can be useful for designing time-of-day and intensity-specific PA interventions to protect against the risk of CVD mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Pages 24-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute gastrointestinal symptoms associated with oil spill exposures among U.S. coast guard responders to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill","authors":"Craig Anderson ,&nbsp;Jayasree Krishnamurthy ,&nbsp;Jordan McAdam ,&nbsp;Hristina Denic-Roberts ,&nbsp;Ellie Priest ,&nbsp;Dana Thomas ,&nbsp;Lawrence S. Engel ,&nbsp;Jennifer Rusiecki","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Research investigating gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms from oil spill-related exposures is sparse. We evaluated prevalent GI symptoms among U.S. Coast Guard responders deployed to the <em>Deepwater Horizon</em> oil spill cleanup.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Crude oil (via skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion routes), combined crude oil/oil dispersant exposures, other deployment exposures, deployment characteristics, demographics, and acute GI symptoms during deployment (i.e., nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, and constipation) were ascertained cross-sectionally via a post-deployment survey (median time between deployment end and survey completion 185 days) (N = 4885). Log-binomial regression analyses were employed to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Effect modification was evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In adjusted models, responders in the highest (versus lowest) tertile of self-reported degree of skin contact to crude oil were more than twice as likely to report nausea/vomiting (PR=2.45; 95 %CI, 1.85–3.23), diarrhea (PR=2.40; 95 %CI, 2.00–2.88), stomach pain (PR=2.51; 95 %CI, 2.01–3.12), and constipation (PR=2.21; 95 %CI, 1.70–2.89). Tests for trend were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). Results were similar for crude oil exposure via inhalation and ingestion. Higher PRs for all symptoms were found with combined crude oil/dispersant exposure than with crude oil exposure alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicate positive associations between self-reported crude oil and combined crude oil/oil dispersant exposures and acute GI symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Pages 16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingqing Tao ,&nbsp;Yangyang Cheng ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fawad ,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Liang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could increase the risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. However, evidence on its association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) was limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between GDM and the prevalence, incidence, patterns, and progression of CMM; and the role of body mass index (BMI) in such association.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 203,372 women who have given birth in UK Biobank. The diagnoses of GDM and cardiometabolic diseases (including stroke, coronary heart disease [CHD], and T2DM) were reported by participants or obtained through linkage to inpatient hospital data until 31st December 2020. BMI was assessed at the baseline assessment. CMM was defined as having two or more of included cardiometabolic diseases. Logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between GDM and CMM, and the modifications on both additive and multiplicative scales were assessed to evaluate the effect of BMI on such association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1217 women had a history of GDM, 2351 participants had CMM at the end of follow-up and 1601 was newly diagnosed during follow-up. GDM was associated with higher prevalence (odds ratio [OR]=4.64, 95 % confidence interval [95 % CI]=3.54–6.08) and incidence (hazard ratio [HR]=3.62, 95 % CI=2.62–5.00) of CMM. In particular, GDM was associated with higher odds of T2DM, coexisting T2DM and vascular disease, and T2DM followed by vascular disease. Formal testing for effect modification suggested multiplicative modification by BMI for the association between GDM and incident CMM.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GDM was associated with CMM in women’s late life, with multiplicative modification effects of BMI. Our results suggest that maternal and lifestyle interventions (e.g., weight management) are warranted for the primary and secondary prevention of CMM, particularly in women with a history of GDM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Pages 9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alignment of parent-proxy report and teen self-report of adverse childhood experiences among U.S. teens","authors":"Laima Licitis ,&nbsp;Nicolas Suarez ,&nbsp;Kayla N. Anderson ,&nbsp;Marci F. Hertz ,&nbsp;Jorge V. Verlenden ,&nbsp;Melissa Heim Viox ,&nbsp;Sanjana Pampati","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Data on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among teens is collected using a single informant, a parent-proxy, or teen self-report. Little is known about alignment between these approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Surveys were administered online to teens ages 15–17 and their parents (n = 522 dyads) using the AmeriSpeak panel. We present descriptive statistics on the prevalence and measures agreement for 18 ACEs based on teen self-report and parent-proxy report. We fit multivariable models examining associations between teen and household demographic characteristics and discordance in ACE report.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on teen-self report and parent-proxy report, cumulative and individual ACE prevalence was overall similar. However, discordance was found in individual ACE reports within teen-parent dyads (discordance ranged: 2.9–21.2 %). Lowest agreement was among ACEs related to abuse, neglect, and violence victimization and highest among household challenges. Furthermore, parent-teen dyads with LGB+ youth (vs. heterosexual) and Black, Hispanic, and multiracial or another race (vs. White) youth were more likely to have discordant responses among several ACEs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Surveillance and programmatic efforts should consider the type of ACE and the reporter when using data to inform prevention strategies. Teen self-report for abuse, neglect, and violence victimization and community challenges ACEs are particularly important to capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"99 ","pages":"Pages 32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF SUPPORT VECTOR REGRESSION AND BOX-COX POWER EXPONENTIAL-GENERALIZED ADDITIVE MODEL FOR LOCATION, SCALE, AND SHAPE (BCPE-GAMLSS) IN PREDICTION OF BODY MASS INDEX","authors":"D.R. Fernando,&nbsp;S. Samita,&nbsp;P. De Silva,&nbsp;N.P. Somasundaram,&nbsp;U. Senarath,&nbsp;P. Katulanda","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.07.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.07.067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Page 85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot study: Using data mining to develop a machine learning pipeline to identify characteristics of products claiming health benefits for women","authors":"C. Trice ,&nbsp;G. Dubrow ,&nbsp;C.L. Taylor ,&nbsp;M. Nali ,&nbsp;T.K. Mackey ,&nbsp;Z. Li ,&nbsp;M.Z. Larsen ,&nbsp;B.J. Wolpert","doi":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.07.088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.07.088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50767,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Epidemiology","volume":"97 ","pages":"Page 90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}