Annals of Human Biology最新文献

{"title":"Development of disease-specific growth charts for Argentine Prader-Willi syndrome without growth hormone treatment.","authors":"Silvia Caino, Carolina Caminiti, Rocio Rabosto Moleón, Gabriela Krochik, Mariana Del Pino","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2534345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2534345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder characterised by infantile hypotonia, early-onset obesity, intellectual disability, hypopigmentation, small hands and feet, short stature, hypogonadism, and distinctive facial features.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To generate and report growth curves for height, sitting height, hands and feet length for Argentine children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) without growth hormone treatment.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A total of 1174 anthropometric measures were obtained from 167 children (82 boys) aged 0-19 years attending Hospital Garrahan between 1992 and 2019. Standardised techniques were used in patients with molecularly confirmed PWS. The 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles were estimated using the LMS method, which adjusts for skewness. Height data were plotted for comparison with the 50th percentile of the Argentine general population and German PWS without growth hormone treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Growth curves for height, sitting height, hands and feet length were developed from 169 children. Mean adult height was 145.3 cm in females (<i>n</i> = 88) and 153.2 cm in males (<i>n</i> = 81), which are 15.4 and 19.6 cm below the 50th percentile of the Argentine non-PWS population for girls and boys, respectively. Compared with German PWS, Argentine PWS references were 3.3 and 5.9 cm shorter in girls and boys, respectively. Mean sitting height was 9.03 cm in boys and 9.61 cm in girls, shorter than the Argentine non-PWS population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differences in adult height between Argentine and German PWS references highlight the importance of local growth standards. Country-specific reference charts are essential tools for identifying growth-impacting conditions and monitoring response to therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2534345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of deciduous molar crowns and arches using digital imaging technology in pre-school children from Xiamen, China.","authors":"Mei Chen, Yanru Hong, Peipei Huang, Junzhen Li, Lu Yin","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2539259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2539259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deciduous teeth are closely associated with the development of the permanent teeth, drawing concern and emphasis in dental restoration and endodontics. The deciduous teeth arches and crowns can serve as a clinical diagnostic reference that contributes to the manufacture of dental restoration and dental therapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study measured dimensions of deciduous molar teeth in pre-school children using digital imaging technology.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>From November to December 2023, a total of 121 digital models of pre-school (3-6 years old) children in Xiamen were obtained using a digital oral scanner. The data were derived from the 3-Shape software based on the measurements on the models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were sex differences in crown width of most deciduous teeth, but not in antimeres. There were also statistical differences in the following measurements: a) mesial-distal diameter of mandibular second deciduous molar; b) occlusal-gingival distance of the right first deciduous molar; c) the upper left first deciduous molar in different sex controls; and d) girls were all smaller than boys. There were statistical differences in maxillary and mandibular arch width at 3, 4, 5 and 6 years of age and in the maxillary arch length at different ages, but not in the mandibular arch length. There was no statistical difference in maxillary arch length between boys and girls, but a statistical difference in arch width was detected between boys and girls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant differences existed in deciduous molar crowns and arches between children of different ages and sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2539259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered gut microbiota composition and feeding behaviours in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a comparative pilot study.","authors":"Marina Toscano de Oliveira, Marco Antônio Borges Scriboni Gonzalez, João Victor Rosetto Boiate, Victoria Mesa, Daniel Henrique Gonçalves, Mariana Gisse Pinto, Camila Ramos da Silva Pinto, José Elderaldo Costa Gomes Filho, Katia Sivieri","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2535430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2535430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a prevalent condition with poorly understood aetiology. Studies indicate that children with ASD exhibit more gastrointestinal alterations, nutritional deficiencies due to selective eating, and distinct gut microbiota profiles compared to neurotypical peers.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the differences in gut microbiota composition and feeding behaviours between children with ASD and their typically developing peers.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Faecal samples from 10 male children with ASD (mean age 6.2 years), and 10 male neurotypical controls (mean age 6.1 years) were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing to assess gut microbiota composition. Guardians completed questionnaires on demographics, birth data, initial feeding habits (i.e. feeding practices after breastfeeding), gastrointestinal symptoms, stool characteristics, and feeding behaviours, which were assessed using the Brief Autism Mealtime Behaviour Inventory (BAMBI) scale. Additionally, a 48-hour dietary recall was collected to analyse the children's nutritional intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in gut microbiota beta diversity were observed. Bacteroidota predominated in the control group, while Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria were dominant in the ASD group. Genera <i>Blautia</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> were enriched in controls, whereas <i>Clostridium</i> sensu stricto 1, <i>Ruminococcus_torques</i>_group, <i>Lachnospiraceae</i>_UCG004, and <i>Bifidobacterium breve</i> were more prevalent in ASD. Comorbidities, sodium intake, and BAMBI scale scores highlighted greater feeding-related behavioural issues in the ASD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children with ASD show notable differences in gut microbiota composition and feeding behaviours. The findings emphasise the need to address gastrointestinal and nutritional factors in ASD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2535430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed skeletal maturation is a major contributor to child height deficits in a low-income setting.","authors":"Liina Mansukoski, Barry Bogin, J Andres Galvez-Sobral, Luis Furlán, William Johnson","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2510499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2510499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studying the extent to which delayed skeletal maturation may contribute to childhood height deficits is important for assessing potential for recovery in heights.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the discrepancy in height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) based on chronological age (HAZ-CA) compared to bone age (HAZ-BA) and estimate proportion of HAZ deficits attributable to delayed maturation in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Using the WHO Growth References, HAZ-CA and HAZ-BA were calculated for Guatemala City children aged 6-8.99 years participating in the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Longitudinal Study and attending a low or a very low SEP study school. A mixed effects model was developed to describe 1638 HAZ observations (Level 1) in 1107 children (Level 2) by HAZ-type, with interaction terms for HAZ-type by age, sex, school, and birth year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, skeletal age was delayed by 1.1 (SD 1.0) years. Mean HAZ-CA was -1.7 (0.9) and HAZ-BA -0.6 (0.9). Greater proportions of the total height deficit were attributable to delayed skeletal maturation in males (60-87%) versus females (49-63%), and at low- (58-87%) versus very low-SES school (49-71%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Delayed maturation contributes to height deficits, supporting the idea that opportunity for catch-up growth continues past early childhood in both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2510499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of growth hormone, testosterone, and aromatase inhibitors on height gain in children and adolescents with idiopathic short statures: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Tingting Zhang, Yingli Si, Xiangyu Wang","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2551531","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2551531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Idiopathic short stature (ISS) is defined as height more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and sex, without an identifiable pathological cause. Pharmacologic options such as growth hormone (GH), testosterone, and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been studied for their potential to promote height gain in affected children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the efficacy of GH, testosterone, and AIs in promoting height gain in children and adolescents with ISS, considering both individual and combination treatments using a network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchRabbit. Eligible studies were selected on the basis of predefined inclusion criteria. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed <i>via</i> the chi-square test and <i>I</i>² index. Publication bias was evaluated <i>via</i> funnel plots and Egger's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the treatment groups (GH, anastrozole, letrozole, AI+GH) demonstrated significantly greater height gains than did the placebo group. Letrozole was associated with the greatest increase in height (SMD = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.38-1.28). No statistically significant differences were observed among the active treatments. Oxandrolone did not significantly differ from the placebo (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI = -0.03-1.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GH, AIs, and combination therapies improve height in children and adolescents with ISS, with letrozole showing a modest advantage but no clear superiority, highlighting the need for individualised treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2551531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations of preterm birth and low birth weight with childhood growth curves between birth and 12 years: a SITAR-based longitudinal analysis.","authors":"Ruta Morkuniene, Tim J Cole, Ruta Levuliene, Andrej Suchomlinov, Janina Tutkuviene","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2472757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2472757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children born preterm grow differently from those born at term.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare growth in length/height, weight, and BMI of preterm- and term-born children, grouped by birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Longitudinal data of 950 children (birth to 12 years) were collected retrospectively. Growth trajectories were modelled using SITAR (Superimposition by Translation and Rotation) by sex, with three groups each for GA and BW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SITAR summarised growth patterns from birth to 12 years and explained 76-79% of height variance, 90-92% for weight, and 72-75% for BMI. Early preterm and low BW groups were shorter, lighter and thinner on average than their term or normal BW peers, with late preterm and low-normal BW groups intermediate. Effects were larger for BW than GA, e.g. early preterm girls/boys were 0.3/0.8 kg lighter, 0.9/0.9 cm shorter and 0.8/0.8 kg/m² thinner, while low BW girls/boys were 0.5/1.0 kg lighter, 1.5/1.4 cm shorter and 0.8/0.9 kg/m² thinner. Moreover, faster growth rates were associated with lower BW.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both BW and GA significantly impacted growth, but low BW more so than early preterm birth. This underscores the need for targeted interventions for low BW children to address potential long-term growth challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2472757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buffering in the intra-household allocation of scarce water in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh.","authors":"Mohammad Jobayer Hossain, Noor Kutubul Alam Siddiquee, Neetu Choudhary, Cindi SturtzSreetharan, Sarah Trainer, Amber Wutich, Alexandra Brewis","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2537214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2537214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Household water insecurity is an accelerating global challenge with serious negative impacts on human health. The impacts of water insecurity can vary among household members. Biocultural buffering theory can explain the differential allocation of scarce water within households and predicts asymmetric allocation of scarce pooled resources to protect the most vulnerable.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To test the buffering theory of intra-household water allocation strategies.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Twenty reproductive-age women from extremely water-insecure households in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were interviewed and systematically-coded text from the guided interviews and an allocation task were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Coding revealed 261 instances of buffering. Thematic analysis of allocation reasoning revealed patterning in water distribution within the household.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Household management of scarce water aligns to buffering theories, with women prioritising family members perceived to be vulnerable. These findings open new spaces to theorise how intra-household strategies of water allocation shape individual risk and safeguard human health, reconceptualise the dominant paradigm of negative experiences around living with water insecurity to encompass notions of care and shared wellbeing, and develop more sophisticated views of the mechanisms to connect embodied water insecurity to its individual-level health consequences in human biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2537214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations between <i>ghrelin</i> gene polymorphisms, cognitive function, and activities of daily living among elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Wenguang Liu, Liyuan Wu, Jiaying Hu, Zhiyong Gao","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2507048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2507048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of <i>ghrelin</i> gene are associated with cognitive function while ghrelin is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the relationship between <i>ghrelin</i> SNPs, cognitive function, and activities of daily living (ADLs) in elderly AD patients.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This study included 100 elderly AD patients as the AD group, and 72 elderly healthy patients as the control group. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of the A allele at rs55821288 was significantly higher in the AD group than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Similarly, the frequency of the AA genotype at rs55821288 was higher in the AD group than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The MMSE, QOL-AD, and ADLs scores were lower in the AD group than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the A allele at rs55821288 was inversely correlated with the MMSE, QOL-AD, and ADLs scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The distribution of the AA genotype at the rs55821288 locus had a negative linear correlation with the MMSE, QOL-AD, and ADLs scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>Ghrelin</i> allele A and genotype AA are closely associated with cognitive function and ADLs among elderly AD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2507048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between physical fitness and mental toughness in adolescent competitive ballet dancers.","authors":"Lan Zhou, Lovro Štefan","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2558933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2025.2558933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental toughness (MT) is a critical psychological construct in competitive sports, yet its relationship with physical fitness (PF) remains underexplored, particularly in adolescent athletes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The main purpose of the study was to examine the associations between MT and different components of PF.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>We recruited 114 children and adolescents (14.3 ± 0.9 years; 73.7% girls), who were active ballet dancers and competed at national level. MT was assessed using the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire. Components of PF included: the 20-m shuttle run test (cardiorespiratory fitness; CRF), the 2-kg medicine ball throw and the countermovement jump (muscular fitness; MF), the sit-and-reach test (flexibility) and fat mass percentage (body composition).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subscales and overall MT were positively correlated with CRF (<i>r</i> = 0.69-0.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001), MF (<i>r</i> = 0.63-0.79, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and flexibility (<i>r</i> = 0.52-0.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001), yet an inverse correlation with fat mass percentage (<i>r</i> = -0.59 - -0.58, <i>p</i> < 0.001) was observed. Boys exhibited higher MT and PF values, compared to girls, except for flexibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that improving PF may enhance MT, offering potential strategies for training young athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2558933"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the molecular mechanisms and immune landscape of vitiligo: a comprehensive bioinformatics study on melanogenesis-related genes.","authors":"Binxi Ma, Xiao Wang","doi":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2468692","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03014460.2025.2468692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder marked by melanocyte destruction and skin depigmentation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying melanogenesis and their link to vitiligo.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>We analysed three vitiligo-related datasets, correcting for batch effects with ComBat. Key melanogenesis genes were pinpointed using LASSO and logistic regression, and a nomogram was developed. The immune microenvironment was evaluated by ssGSEA, and correlations between gene expression, melanogenesis pathways, and immune cell infiltration were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 2,405 DEGs, with 960 up-regulated and 1,445 down-regulated genes in vitiligo samples. GSVA indicated significant disturbances in melanogenesis pathways. ssGSEA revealed reduced activity in REACTOME_MELANIN_BIOSYNTHESIS and KEGG_MELANOGENESIS pathways. Three key diagnostic genes (CALM2, KIT, OCA2) were found and used to build a highly accurate predictive nomogram. Immune cell analysis showed increased T helper and Th2 cells in vitiligo, correlating with both diagnostic genes and melanogenic pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies crucial melanogenesis-related genes and provides a predictive model for vitiligo risk. It underscores the relationship between impaired melanogenesis and immune cell infiltration, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":50765,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"2468692"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}