Jade Coxon, Emily Linder, Caden Sweet, Scott Magness, Leopold Green
{"title":"Replicating Host-Microbiome Interactions: Harnessing Organ-on-a-Chip and Organoid Technologies to Model Vaginal and Lung Physiology.","authors":"Jade Coxon, Emily Linder, Caden Sweet, Scott Magness, Leopold Green","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110122-122343","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110122-122343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) and organoid technologies are at the forefront of developing sophisticated in vitro systems that replicate complex host-microbiome interactions, including those associated with vaginal health and lung infection. We explore how these technologies provide insights into host-microbiome and host-pathogen interactions and the associated immune responses. Integrating omics data and high-resolution imaging in analyzing these models enhances our understanding of host-microbiome interactions' temporal and spatial aspects, paving the way for new diagnostic and treatment strategies. This review underscores the potential of OOC and organoid technologies in elucidating the complexities of vaginal health and lung disease, which have received less attention than other organ systems in recent organoid and OCC studies. Yet, each system presents notable characteristics, rendering them ideal candidates for these designs. Additionally, this review describes the key factors associated with each organ system and how to choose the technology setup to replicate human physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"403-423"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina Filz von Reiterdank, Raphaela Bento, Insoo Hyun, Rosario Isasi, Susan M Wolf, J Henk Coert, Aebele B Mink van der Molen, Biju Parekkadan, Korkut Uygun
{"title":"Designer Organs: Ethical Genetic Modifications in the Era of Machine Perfusion.","authors":"Irina Filz von Reiterdank, Raphaela Bento, Insoo Hyun, Rosario Isasi, Susan M Wolf, J Henk Coert, Aebele B Mink van der Molen, Biju Parekkadan, Korkut Uygun","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062824-121925","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062824-121925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene therapy is a rapidly developing field, finally yielding clinical benefits. Genetic engineering of organs for transplantation may soon be an option, thanks to convergence with another breakthrough technology, ex vivo machine perfusion (EVMP). EVMP allows access to the functioning organ for genetic manipulation prior to transplant. EVMP has the potential to enhance genetic engineering efficiency, improve graft survival, and reduce posttransplant complications. This will enable genetic modifications with a vast variety of applications, while raising questions on the ethics and regulation of this emerging technology. This review provides an in-depth discussion of current methodologies for delivering genetic vectors to transplantable organs, particularly focusing on the enabling role of EVMP. Organ-by-organ analysis and key characteristics of various vector and treatment options are assessed. We offer a road map for research and clinical translation, arguing that achieving scientific benchmarks while creating anticipatory governance is necessary to secure societal benefit from this technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"101-128"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Systems Biology of the Cancer Cell.","authors":"Kevin A Janes, Matthew J Lazzara","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-103122-030552","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-103122-030552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Questions in cancer have engaged systems biologists for decades. During that time, the quantity of molecular data has exploded, but the need for abstractions, formal models, and simplifying insights has remained the same. This review brings together classic breakthroughs and recent findings in the field of cancer systems biology, focusing on cancer cell pathways for tumorigenesis and therapeutic response. Cancer cells mutate and transduce information from their environment to alter gene expression, metabolism, and phenotypic states. Understanding the molecular architectures that make each of these steps possible is a long-term goal of cancer systems biology pursued by iterating between quantitative models and experiments. We argue that such iteration is the best path to deploying targeted therapies intelligently so that each patient receives the maximum benefit for their cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the Lymphatic System: Tissue-on-Chip Modeling.","authors":"William J Polacheck, J Brandon Dixon, Wen Yih Aw","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-100246","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-100246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lymphatic vasculature plays critical roles in maintaining fluid homeostasis, transporting lipid, and facilitating immune surveillance. A growing body of work has identified lymphatic dysfunction as contributing to the severity of myriad diseases and to systemic inflammation, as well as modulating drug responses. Here, we review efforts to reconstruct lymphatic vessels in vitro toward establishing humanized, functional models to advance understanding of lymphatic biology and pathophysiology. We first review lymphatic endothelial cell biology and the biophysical lymphatic microenvironment, with a focus on features that are unique to the lymphatics and that have been used as design parameters for lymphatic-on-chip devices. We then discuss the state of the art for recapitulating lymphatic function in vitro, and we acknowledge limitations and challenges to current approaches. Finally, we discuss opportunities and the need for further development of microphysiological lymphatic systems to bridge the gap in model systems between lymphatic cell culture and animal physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"73-100"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dennis Hein, Afshin Bozorgpour, Dorit Merhof, Ge Wang
{"title":"Physics-Inspired Generative Models in Medical Imaging.","authors":"Dennis Hein, Afshin Bozorgpour, Dorit Merhof, Ge Wang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-102723-013922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-102723-013922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physics-inspired generative models (GMs), in particular diffusion models and Poisson flow models, enhance Bayesian methods and promise great utility in medical imaging. This review examines the transformative role of such generative methods. First, a variety of physics-inspired GMs, including denoising diffusion probabilistic models, score-based diffusion models, and Poisson flow generative models (including PFGM++), are revisited, with an emphasis on their accuracy, robustness and acceleration. Then, major applications of physics-inspired GMs in medical imaging are presented, comprising image reconstruction, image generation, and image analysis. Finally, future research directions are brainstormed, including unification of physics-inspired GMs, integration with vision-language models, and potential novel applications of GMs. Since the development of generative methods has been rapid, it is hoped that this review will give peers and learners a timely snapshot of this new family of physics-driven GMs and help capitalize their enormous potential for medical imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"499-525"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jae Young Park, Nikolas Barrera, Tianyu Bai, Ellis Meng, Hui Fang, Hyowon Lee
{"title":"Lessons Learned and Challenges Ahead in the Translation of Implantable Microscale Sensors and Actuators.","authors":"Jae Young Park, Nikolas Barrera, Tianyu Bai, Ellis Meng, Hui Fang, Hyowon Lee","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110122-121128","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110122-121128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microscale sensors and actuators have been widely explored by the scientific community to augment the functionality of conventional medical implants. However, despite the many innovative concepts proposed, a negligible fraction has successfully made the leap from concept to clinical translation. This shortfall is primarily due to the considerable disparity between academic research prototypes and market-ready products. As such, it is critically important to examine the lessons learned in successful commercialization efforts to inform early-stage translational research efforts. Here, we review the regulatory prerequisites for market approval and provide a comprehensive analysis of commercially available microimplants from a device design perspective. Our objective is to illuminate both the technological advances underlying successfully commercialized devices and the key takeaways from the commercialization process, thereby facilitating a smoother pathway from academic research to clinical impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"211-233"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeong Min Oh, Yongkuk Park, Jungwoo Lee, Keyue Shen
{"title":"Microfabricated Organ-Specific Models of Tumor Microenvironments.","authors":"Jeong Min Oh, Yongkuk Park, Jungwoo Lee, Keyue Shen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-103522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110222-103522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the advances in detection, diagnosis, and treatments, cancer remains a lethal disease, claiming the lives of more than 600,000 people in the United States alone in 2024. To accelerate the development of new therapeutic strategies with improved responses, significant efforts have been made to develop microfabricated in vitro models of tumor microenvironments (TMEs) that address the limitations of animal-based cancer models. These models incorporate several advanced tissue engineering techniques to better reflect the organ- and patient-specific TMEs. Additionally, microfabricated models integrated with next-generation single-cell omics technologies provide unprecedented insights into patient's cellular and molecular heterogeneity and complexity. This review provides an overview of the recent understanding of cancer development and outlines the key TME elements that can be captured in microfabricated models to enhance their physiological relevance. We highlight the recent advances in microfabricated cancer models that reflect the unique characteristics of their organs of origin or sites of dissemination.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"307-333"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingxia Qiao, Ali Khalilimeybodi, Nathaniel J Linden-Santangeli, Padmini Rangamani
{"title":"The Evolution of Systems Biology and Systems Medicine: From Mechanistic Models to Uncertainty Quantification.","authors":"Lingxia Qiao, Ali Khalilimeybodi, Nathaniel J Linden-Santangeli, Padmini Rangamani","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-102723-065309","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-102723-065309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding interaction mechanisms within cells, tissues, and organisms is crucial for driving developments across biology and medicine. Mathematical modeling is an essential tool for simulating such biological systems. Building on experiments, mechanistic models are widely used to describe small-scale intracellular networks. The development of sequencing techniques and computational tools has recently enabled multiscale models. Combining such larger scale network modeling with mechanistic modeling provides us with an opportunity to reveal previously unknown disease mechanisms and pharmacological interventions. Here, we review systems biology models from mechanistic models to multiscale models that integrate multiple layers of cellular networks and discuss how they can be used to shed light on disease states and even wellness-related states. Additionally, we introduce several methods that increase the certainty and accuracy of model predictions. Thus, combining mechanistic models with emerging mathematical and computational techniques can provide us with increasingly powerful tools to understand disease states and inspire drug discoveries.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"425-447"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuba Marjan, Nuria Lafuente-Gómez, Akaansha Rampal, David J Mooney, Shelly R Peyton, Taimoor H Qazi
{"title":"Cell-Instructive Biomaterials with Native-Like Biochemical Complexity.","authors":"Tuba Marjan, Nuria Lafuente-Gómez, Akaansha Rampal, David J Mooney, Shelly R Peyton, Taimoor H Qazi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-120823-020209","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-120823-020209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biochemical signals in native tissue microenvironments instruct cell behavior during many biological processes ranging from developmental morphogenesis and tissue regeneration to tumor metastasis and disease progression. The detection and characterization of these signals using spatial and highly resolved quantitative methods have revealed their existence as matricellular proteins in the matrisome, some of which are bound to the extracellular matrix while others are freely diffusing. Including these biochemical signals in engineered biomaterials can impart enhanced functionality and native-like complexity, ultimately benefiting efforts to understand, model, and treat various diseases. In this review, we discuss advances in characterizing, mimicking, and harnessing biochemical signals in developing advanced engineered biomaterials. An overview of the diverse forms in which these biochemical signals exist and their effects on intracellular signal transduction is also provided. Finally, we highlight the application of biochemically complex biomaterials in the three broadly defined areas of tissue regeneration, immunoengineering, and organoid morphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"185-209"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic Ultrasound for Multimodal Cancer Treatment: A Spotlight on Breast Cancer.","authors":"Zehra E F Demir, Natasha D Sheybani","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-103023-111151","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-103023-111151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the demand for improved efficacy, precision, and safety of management options has never been greater. Focused ultrasound (FUS) is a rapidly emerging strategy for nonionizing, noninvasive intervention that holds promise for the multimodal treatment of solid cancers. Owing to its versatile array of bioeffects, this technology is now being evaluated across preclinical and clinical oncology trials for tumor ablation, therapeutic delivery, radiosensitization, sonodynamic therapy, and enhancement of tumor-specific immune responses. Given the breadth of this burgeoning domain, this review places a spotlight on recent advancements in breast cancer care to exemplify the multifaceted role of FUS technology for oncology indications-outlining physical principles of FUS-mediated thermal and mechanical bioeffects, giving an overview of results from recent preclinical and clinical studies investigating FUS with and without adjunct therapeutics in primary or disseminated breast cancer settings, and offering perspectives on the future of the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"371-402"},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}