Thomas Heldt, Tommaso Zoerle, Daniel Teichmann, Nino Stocchetti
{"title":"Intracranial Pressure and Intracranial Elastance Monitoring in Neurocritical Care.","authors":"Thomas Heldt, Tommaso Zoerle, Daniel Teichmann, Nino Stocchetti","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with acute brain injuries tend to be physiologically unstable and at risk of rapid and potentially life-threatening decompensation due to shifts in intracranial compartment volumes and consequent intracranial hypertension. Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring therefore remains a cornerstone of modern neurocritical care, despite the attendant risks of infection and damage to brain tissue arising from the surgical placement of a catheter or pressure transducer into the cerebrospinal fluid or brain tissue compartments. In addition to ICP monitoring, tracking of the intracranial capacity to buffer shifts in compartment volumes would help in the assessment of patient state, inform clinical decision making, and guide therapeutic interventions. We review the anatomy, physiology, and current technology relevant to clinical management of patients with acute brain injury and outline unmet clinical needs to advance patient monitoring in neurocritical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"523-549"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37044837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring Dynamics and Structure of Biomolecules, Cryoprotectants, and Water Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Implications for Biostabilization and Biopreservation.","authors":"Lindong Weng, Shannon L Stott, Mehmet Toner","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Successful stabilization and preservation of biological materials often utilize low temperatures and dehydration to arrest molecular motion. Cryoprotectants are routinely employed to help the biological entities survive the physicochemical and mechanical stresses induced by cold or dryness. Molecular interactions between biomolecules, cryoprotectants, and water fundamentally determine the outcomes of preservation. The optimization of assays using the empirical approach is often limited in structural and temporal resolution, whereas classical molecular dynamics simulations can provide a cost-effective glimpse into the atomic-level structure and interaction of individual molecules that dictate macroscopic behavior. Computational research on biomolecules, cryoprotectants, and water has provided invaluable insights into the development of new cryoprotectants and the optimization of preservation methods. We describe the rapidly evolving state of the art of molecular simulations of these complex systems, summarize the molecular-scale protective and stabilizing mechanisms, and discuss the challenges that motivate continued innovation in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"1-31"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36806334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reza Avazmohammadi, João S Soares, David S Li, Samarth S Raut, Robert C Gorman, Michael S Sacks
{"title":"A Contemporary Look at Biomechanical Models of Myocardium.","authors":"Reza Avazmohammadi, João S Soares, David S Li, Samarth S Raut, Robert C Gorman, Michael S Sacks","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121129","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding and predicting the mechanical behavior of myocardium under healthy and pathophysiological conditions are vital to developing novel cardiac therapies and promoting personalized interventions. Within the past 30 years, various constitutive models have been proposed for the passive mechanical behavior of myocardium. These models cover a broad range of mathematical forms, microstructural observations, and specific test conditions to which they are fitted. We present a critical review of these models, covering both phenomenological and structural approaches, and their relations to the underlying structure and function of myocardium. We further explore the experimental and numerical techniques used to identify the model parameters. Next, we provide a brief overview of continuum-level electromechanical models of myocardium, with a focus on the methods used to integrate the active and passive components of myocardial behavior. We conclude by pointing to future directions in the areas of optimal form as well as new approaches for constitutive modeling of myocardium.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"417-442"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37309793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Programming Stimuli-Responsive Behavior into Biomaterials.","authors":"Barry A Badeau, Cole A DeForest","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stimuli-responsive materials undergo triggered changes when presented with specific environmental cues. These dynamic systems can leverage biological signals found locally within the body as well as exogenous cues administered with spatiotemporal control, providing powerful opportunities in next-generation diagnostics and personalized medicine. Here, we review the synthetic and strategic advances used to impart diverse responsiveness to a wide variety of biomaterials. Categorizing systems on the basis of material type, number of inputs, and response mechanism, we examine past and ongoing efforts toward endowing biomaterials with customizable sensitivity. We draw an analogy to computer science, whereby a stimuli-responsive biomaterial transduces a set of inputs into a functional output as governed by a user-specified logical operator. We discuss Boolean and non-Boolean operations, as well as the various chemical and physical modes of signal transduction. Finally, we examine current limitations and promising directions in the ongoing development of programmable stimuli-responsive biomaterials.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"241-265"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37044538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Manufacturing for Microfluidics.","authors":"Arman Naderi, Nirveek Bhattacharjee, Albert Folch","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092618-020341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092618-020341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microfluidics field is at a critical crossroads. The vast majority of microfluidic devices are presently manufactured using micromolding processes that work very well for a reduced set of biocompatible materials, but the time, cost, and design constraints of micromolding hinder the commercialization of many devices. As a result, the dissemination of microfluidic technology-and its impact on society-is in jeopardy. Digital manufacturing (DM) refers to a family of computer-centered processes that integrate digital three-dimensional (3D) designs, automated (additive or subtractive) fabrication, and device testing in order to increase fabrication efficiency. Importantly, DM enables the inexpensive realization of 3D designs that are impossible or very difficult to mold. The adoption of DM by microfluidic engineers has been slow, likely due to concerns over the resolution of the printers and the biocompatibility of the resins. In this article, we review and discuss the various printer types, resolution, biocompatibility issues, DM microfluidic designs, and the bright future ahead for this promising, fertile field.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"325-364"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092618-020341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37044839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jocelyne Troccaz, Giulio Dagnino, Guang-Zhong Yang
{"title":"Frontiers of Medical Robotics: From Concept to Systems to Clinical Translation.","authors":"Jocelyne Troccaz, Giulio Dagnino, Guang-Zhong Yang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical robotics is poised to transform all aspects of medicine-from surgical intervention to targeted therapy, rehabilitation, and hospital automation. A key area is the development of robots for minimally invasive interventions. This review provides a detailed analysis of the evolution of interventional robots and discusses how the integration of imaging, sensing, and robotics can influence the patient care pathway toward precision intervention and patient-specific treatment. It outlines how closer coupling of perception, decision, and action can lead to enhanced dexterity, greater precision, and reduced invasiveness. It provides a critical analysis of some of the key interventional robot platforms developed over the years and their relative merit and intrinsic limitations. The review also presents a future outlook for robotic interventions and emerging trends in making them easier to use, lightweight, ergonomic, and intelligent, and thus smarter, safer, and more accessible for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"193-218"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052502","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37012995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Avner Ehrlich, Daniel Duche, Gladys Ouedraogo, Yaakov Nahmias
{"title":"Challenges and Opportunities in the Design of Liver-on-Chip Microdevices.","authors":"Avner Ehrlich, Daniel Duche, Gladys Ouedraogo, Yaakov Nahmias","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver is the central hub of xenobiotic metabolism and consequently the organ most prone to cosmetic- and drug-induced toxicity. Failure to detect liver toxicity or to assess compound clearance during product development is a major cause of postmarketing product withdrawal, with disastrous clinical and financial consequences. While small animals are still the preferred model in drug development, the recent ban on animal use in the European Union created a pressing need to develop precise and efficient tools to detect human liver toxicity during cosmetic development. This article includes a brief review of liver development, organization, and function and focuses on the state of the art of long-term cell culture, including hepatocyte cell sources, heterotypic cell-cell interactions, oxygen demands, and culture medium formulation. Finally, the article reviews emerging liver-on-chip devices and discusses the advantages and pitfalls of individual designs. The goal of this review is to provide a framework to design liver-on-chip devices and criteria with which to evaluate this emerging technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"219-239"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37044836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline A Murphy, Atul K Garg, Joana Silva-Correia, Rui L Reis, Joaquim M Oliveira, Maurice N Collins
{"title":"The Meniscus in Normal and Osteoarthritic Tissues: Facing the Structure Property Challenges and Current Treatment Trends.","authors":"Caroline A Murphy, Atul K Garg, Joana Silva-Correia, Rui L Reis, Joaquim M Oliveira, Maurice N Collins","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The treatment of meniscus injuries has recently been facing a paradigm shift toward the field of tissue engineering, with the aim of regenerating damaged and diseased menisci as opposed to current treatment techniques. This review focuses on the structure and mechanics associated with the meniscus. The meniscus is defined in terms of its biological structure and composition. Biomechanics of the meniscus are discussed in detail, as an understanding of the mechanics is fundamental for the development of new meniscal treatment strategies. Key meniscal characteristics such as biological function, damage (tears), and disease are critically analyzed. The latest technologies behind meniscal repair and regeneration are assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"495-521"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37138167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-Cell Omics Analyses Enabled by Microchip Technologies.","authors":"Yanxiang Deng, Amanda Finck, Rong Fan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell omics studies provide unique information regarding cellular heterogeneity at various levels of the molecular biology central dogma. This knowledge facilitates a deeper understanding of how underlying molecular and architectural changes alter cell behavior, development, and disease processes. The emerging microchip-based tools for single-cell omics analysis are enabling the evaluation of cellular omics with high throughput, improved sensitivity, and reduced cost. We review state-of-the-art microchip platforms for profiling genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics at single-cell resolution. We also discuss the background of and challenges in the analysis of each molecular layer and integration of multiple levels of omics data, as well as how microchip-based methodologies benefit these fields. Additionally, we examine the advantages and limitations of these approaches. Looking forward, we describe additional challenges and future opportunities that will facilitate the improvement and broad adoption of single-cell omics in life science and medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"365-393"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-060418-052538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37228165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomaterials: Been There, Done That, and Evolving into the Future.","authors":"Buddy D Ratner","doi":"10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-120940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-120940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomaterials as we know them today had their origins in the late 1940s with off-the-shelf commercial polymers and metals. The evolution of materials for medical applications from these simple origins has been rapid and impactful. This review relates some of the early history; addresses concerns after two decades of development in the twenty-first century; and discusses how advanced technologies in both materials science and biology will address concerns, advance materials used at the biointerface, and improve outcomes for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50757,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"21 ","pages":"171-191"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-120940","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37309792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}