Kevin O Cokley, Donte L Bernard, Steven Stone-Sabali, Germine H Awad
{"title":"Impostor Phenomenon in Racially/Ethnically Minoritized Groups: Current Knowledge and Future Directions.","authors":"Kevin O Cokley, Donte L Bernard, Steven Stone-Sabali, Germine H Awad","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081122-015724","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081122-015724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years there has been a surge of research conducted on the impostor phenomenon, with approximately half of all impostor phenomenon articles being published between 2020 and 2022 and growing interest in understanding how the impostor phenomenon affects racially and ethnically minoritized individuals. Questions around intersectionality remain about how to apply the impostor phenomenon to the experiences of minoritized individuals. In this review, we revisit the historical context of the impostor phenomenon. We address issues of nomenclature and current controversies regarding whether the impostor phenomenon (<i>a</i>) blames the victim, (<i>b</i>) should be included in the <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i> (DSM), and (<i>c</i>) is beneficial for individuals. In addition, we address the limitations of current research on racially and ethnically minoritized individuals, especially women of color. Finally, we conclude by discussing the need for a reconceptualized racialized impostor phenomenon as well as the need to establish new impostor phenomenon measures, conduct more quantitative research with diverse samples, and create culturally tailored interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"407-430"},"PeriodicalIF":17.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11245362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139563706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"History and Iatrogenic Effects of Conversion Therapy.","authors":"Gerald C Davison, Kyla-Rose Walden","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080822-052144","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080822-052144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research indicates that sexual orientation change efforts (SOCEs) are not effective and furthermore commonly lead to iatrogenic effects such as depression, anxiety, and even suicide. Negative attitudes toward homosexuality derive from most formal religions and are incarnated in medical and psychological theories that support and encourage SOCEs. Oppression of sexual minorities makes it unlikely that change requests by patients are voluntary. Recently there has been a dramatic change as the field moves from reparative to affirmative approaches. Here, we review the history of SOCEs, their consequences, current affirmative treatments, and future directions in the field as they pertain to the well-being of the queer community. From an institutional community psychology perspective, we argue that even if true conversion were possible, such efforts are unethical and should not be pursued even if requested. As is the case with all psychological/psychiatric interventions, the issue is not \"can\" but \"ought.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"333-354"},"PeriodicalIF":17.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances in Group-Based Trajectory Modeling for Clinical Research","authors":"Daniel S. Nagin, Bobby L. Jones, Jonathan Elmer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081122-012416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081122-012416","url":null,"abstract":"Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) identifies groups of individuals following similar trajectories of one or more repeated measures. The categorical nature of GBTM is particularly well suited to clinical psychology and medicine, where patients are often classified into discrete diagnostic categories. This review highlights recent advances in GBTM and key capabilities that remain underappreciated in clinical research. These include accounting for nonrandom subject attrition, joint trajectory and multitrajectory modeling, the addition of the beta distribution to modeling options, associating trajectories with future outcomes, and estimating the probability of future outcomes. Also discussed is an approach to selecting the number of trajectory groups.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Volume 20 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139917248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding Homelessness Among Young People to Improve Outcomes","authors":"Norweeta G. Milburn, Eric Rice, Laura Petry","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-081903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-081903","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, an estimated 4.2 million young people experience homelessness during critical stages in their development—adolescence and emerging adulthood. While research on youth homelessness often emphasizes risk and vulnerability, the field must situate these issues within the developmental trajectories of adolescence and emerging adulthood to effectively prevent and end youth homelessness. This review uses the Risk Amplification and Abatement Model (RAAM) as a conceptual framework for contextualizing the landscape of youth homelessness research in the United States since 2010. An extension of ecological models of risk-taking, RAAM emphasizes both risk and resilience, positing that negative as well as positive socialization processes across interactions with family, peers, social services, and formal institutions affect key housing, health, and behavioral outcomes for youth experiencing homelessness. This review applies RAAM to our understanding of the causes and consequences of youth homelessness, recent interventions, and recommendations for future directions.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Volume 20 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138740203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jordan T. Stiede, Samuel D. Spencer, Ogechi Onyeka, Katie H. Mangen, Molly J. Church, Wayne K. Goodman, Eric A. Storch
{"title":"Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents","authors":"Jordan T. Stiede, Samuel D. Spencer, Ogechi Onyeka, Katie H. Mangen, Molly J. Church, Wayne K. Goodman, Eric A. Storch","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080822-043910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080822-043910","url":null,"abstract":"Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents is a neurobehavioral condition that can lead to functional impairment in multiple domains and decreased quality of life. We review the clinical presentation, diagnostic considerations, and common comorbidities of pediatric OCD. An overview of the biological and psychological models of OCD is provided along with a discussion of developmental considerations in youth. We also describe evidence-based treatments for OCD in childhood and adolescence, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) and pharmacotherapy. Finally, research evaluating the delivery of CBT in different formats and modalities is discussed, and we conclude with suggestions for future research directions.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Volume 20 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138657520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John R Weisz, Katherine E Venturo-Conerly, Olivia M Fitzpatrick, Jennifer A Frederick, Mei Yi Ng
{"title":"What Four Decades of Meta-Analysis Have Taught Us About Youth Psychotherapy and the Science of Research Synthesis.","authors":"John R Weisz, Katherine E Venturo-Conerly, Olivia M Fitzpatrick, Jennifer A Frederick, Mei Yi Ng","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-082920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-082920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intervention scientists have published more than 600 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of youth psychotherapies. Four decades of meta-analyses have been used to synthesize the RCT findings and identify scientifically and clinically significant patterns. These meta-analyses have limitations, noted herein, but they have advanced our understanding of youth psychotherapy, revealing (<i>a</i>) mental health problems for which our interventions are more and less successful (e.g., anxiety and depression, respectively); (<i>b</i>) the beneficial effects of single-session interventions, interventions delivered remotely, and interventions tested in low- and middle-income countries; (<i>c</i>) the association of societal sexism and racism with reduced treatment benefit in majority-girl and majority-Black groups; and, importantly, (<i>d</i>) the finding that average youth treatment benefit has not increased across five decades of research, suggesting that new strategies may be needed. Opportunities for the future include boosting relevance to policy and practice and using meta-analysis to identify mechanisms of change and guide personalizing of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"19 ","pages":"79-105"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9500193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Racial, Ethnic, and Cultural Resilience Factors in African American Youth Mental Health.","authors":"Enrique W Neblett","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072720-015146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072720-015146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Racism constitutes a significant risk to the mental health of African American children, adolescents, and emerging adults. This review evaluates recent literature examining ethnic and racial identity, ethnic-racial socialization, religiosity and spirituality, and family and parenting as racial, ethnic, and cultural resilience factors that shape the impact of racism on youth mental health. Representative studies, purported mechanisms, and critiques of prior research are presented for each factor. Recent studies of racism and resilience revisit foundational resilience factors from prior research while reflecting new and important advances (e.g., consideration of gender, cultural context, structural racism), providing important insights for the development of prevention and intervention efforts and policy that can alleviate mental health suffering and promote health and mental health equity for African American youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"19 ","pages":"361-379"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9501102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stanley J Huey, Alayna L Park, Chardée A Galán, Crystal X Wang
{"title":"Culturally Responsive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Ethnically Diverse Populations.","authors":"Stanley J Huey, Alayna L Park, Chardée A Galán, Crystal X Wang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-072750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-072750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is often referred to as the \"gold standard\" treatment for mental health problems, given the large body of evidence supporting its efficacy. However, there are persistent questions about the generalizability of CBTs to culturally diverse populations and whether culturally sensitive approaches are warranted. In this review, we synthesize the literature on CBT for ethnic minorities, with an emphasis on randomized trials that address cultural sensitivity within the context of CBT. In general, we find that CBT is effective for ethnic minorities with diverse mental health problems, although nonsignificant trends suggest that CBT effects may be somewhat weaker for ethnic minorities compared to Whites. We find mixed support for the cultural adaptation of CBTs, but evidence for cultural sensitivity training of CBT clinicians is lacking, given a dearth of relevant trials. Based on the limited evidence thus far, we summarize three broad models for addressing cultural issues when providing CBT to diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"19 ","pages":"51-78"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9501104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supernatural Attributions: Seeing God, the Devil, Demons, Spirits, Fate, and Karma as Causes of Events.","authors":"Julie J Exline, Joshua A Wilt","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-081114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-081114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For many people worldwide, supernatural beliefs and attributions-those focused on God, the devil, demons, spirits, an afterlife, karma, or fate-are part of everyday life. Although not widely studied in clinical psychology, these beliefs and attributions are a key part of human diversity. This article provides a broad overview of research on supernatural beliefs and attributions with special attention to their psychological relevance: They can serve as coping resources, sources of distress, psychopathology signals, moral guides, and decision-making tools. Although supernatural attributions sometimes involve dramatic experiences seen to violate natural laws, people more commonly think of supernatural entities working indirectly through natural events. A whole host of factors can lead people to make supernatural attributions, including contextual factors, specific beliefs, psychopathology, cognitive styles and personality, and social and cultural influences. Our aim is to provide clinical psychologists with an entry point into this rich, fascinating, and often overlooked literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"19 ","pages":"461-487"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9502365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalie M Wittlin, Laura E Kuper, Kristina R Olson
{"title":"Mental Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth.","authors":"Natalie M Wittlin, Laura E Kuper, Kristina R Olson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072220-020326","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072220-020326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) children and adolescents are an increasingly visible yet highly stigmatized group. These youth experience more psychological distress than not only their cisgender, heterosexual peers but also their cisgender, sexual minority peers. In this review, we document these mental health disparities and discuss potential explanations for them using a minority stress framework. We also discuss factors that may increase and decrease TGD youth's vulnerability to psychological distress. Further, we review interventions, including gender-affirming medical care, that may improve mental health in TGD youth. We conclude by discussing limitations of current research and suggestions for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":50755,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology","volume":"19 ","pages":"207-232"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9936952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9504987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}