The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Fermented Food Products as Vitamin K Dietary Sources on the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in ApoE/LDLR−/− Mice","authors":"M. Franczyk-Żarów, Barbara Czosnowska, Hayat Aragaw Hassen, Agata Strojewska, I. Czyzynska-Cichon, A. Kij, R. Kostogrys","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091336","url":null,"abstract":": The term vitamin K refers to a group of similarly structured fat-soluble compounds. One of the vitamin K forms is phylloquinone, known as vitamin K1. The main nutritional sources of vitamin K1 are green, leafy vegetables like kale, beetroot, spinach and broccoli. Other forms of vitamin K are menaquinones (vitamin K2) that can further be divided into a few subtypes depending on the number of isoprenoid residues in the side chain (MK-n). Besides MK-4, bacteria synthesize all menaquinones. As such, the main dietary sources of vitamin K2 are natto, dairy (especially fermented products, e.g., cheese), meat and eggs. Until recently, vitamin K was associated with the regulation of the coagulation system. Interest in the biological activity of these compounds increased once it was discovered that vitamin K2 affects the processes of the calcification of both bones and soft tissues. Vitamin K can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. The objective of the present study was to verify the hypothesis about the effectiveness of dietary vitamin K2 as an anti-atherosclerotic agent. An in vivo experiment on ApoE/LDLR − / − mice was conducted to verify this hypothesis. Two month-old mice were fed AIN-93G modified diets containing vitamin K-rich products, i.e., natto, cheese (Munster), sauerkraut and synthetic vitamin K2 MK-7 (100 µ g/kg b.w./day) for 8 weeks. The body weight, weight of organs and glucose concentration were determined. Blood was taken and the aorta dissected. The investigation included both the area of lesions and biochemical parameters such as lipid profile. Quantification of the atherosclerotic area in entire aorta was performed by an en face method. The lipid profile was determined automatically by ABX Pentra 400 (Horiba Medical, Kyoto, Japan). The concentration of vitamins K was determined using UHPLC-MS/MS technique in feaces. Body weights of mice fed MK-7 and Munster were significant decreased compared to Control (respectively, 20.01 and 19.98 vs 21.45 [g]). Liver’s weight of mice fed Munster was significantly increased in comparison to other groups (5.70 vs 4.53 [g/100g] in Control). Glucose concentration was unchanged. Significant changes in plasma lipid profile of mice fed modified diets, especially in groups fed Munster and Sauerkraut, were observed. Total cholesterol and LDL concentrations were significantly increased in Munster and Sauerkraut compared to Control (respectively, for TC 20.45 and 19.80 vs 15.95 [mmol/L]; for LDL 17.15 and 11.94 vs 7.85 [mmol/L]). Moreover, TAG level was significantly increased in Sauerkraut in comparison to Control (2.87 vs 2.23 [mmol/L]). The main forms of vitamin K identified in mouse feaces were menaquinones MK-6. Nutritional factors with an alleviating effect on the development of atherosclerotic plaques are still being investigated","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"100 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140451450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profile Is Altered in Pregnant Women with Different Allergic Diseases","authors":"Antonio Gázquez, Antonia M. Egea-Marín, Maya Sánchez-Martínez, Valentina Origüela, M. D. Molina-Ruano, L. García-Marcos, Elvira Larqué","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091334","url":null,"abstract":": The incidence of allergic problems has notably increased in recent decades, affecting approximately 20% of the population and becoming a public health issue. Some studies have suggested that asthma and atopy could result from an increased dietary intake of n-6 polyun-saturated fatty acids (PUFA) and a decreased intake of n-3 PUFA. During pregnancy, the fetus depends on the transplacental transfer of n-3 PUFA from maternal circulation, which implies that maternal lipid profile alterations might predispose to allergy onset during infancy and childhood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the circulating fatty acid profile in pregnant women with allergic problems as well as in fetal plasma at birth. Plasma samples from 73 allergic and 179 healthy pregnant women as well as cord venous plasma were collected at delivery in the NELA cohort (Murcia, Spain). Maternal allergy was diagnosed according to the symptoms and via a positive skin prick test. The fatty acid profile was determined by gas cromatography. The allergic mothers had a lower percentage of n-3 PUFA in the plasma compared to the healthy ones (Allergic: 4.06 ± 0.15 vs. Control: 4.66 ± 0.11, p = 0.002), especially in those with asthma or food allergies. This contributed to a significantly higher n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in women with allergies (Allergic: 9.45 ± 0.31 vs. Control: 8.28 ± 0.20, p = 0.002), mainly asthma and food allergies, which was indicative of a proinflammatory status. The same tendency was observed in women affected by atopic dermatitis ( p = 0.094). In cord blood, despite the fact that there were no differences in the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio between the groups, the fetuses born from allergic mothers showed a tendency towards lower n-3 PUFA content compared to those born from healthy mothers (Allergic: 5.63 ± 0.19 vs. Control: 6.17 ± 0.21, p = 0.093). In conclusion, allergy led to a decreased n-3 PUFA and an increased n6-/n-3 ratio fatty acid profile in pregnant women at delivery, especially in those affected by asthma and food allergies. The same tendency was observed in cord plasma. A higher n-3 PUFA consumption could be desirable in women with allergic diseases in order to improve their lipid profile and proinflammatory status and their offspring’s health.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"136 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140451798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Animal Model to Investigate Postprandial Metabolism","authors":"Larissa Rodrigues, Tushar More, C. M. Donado-Pestana, Amanda Domingos Vasconcelos, Vinicius Bonfieti Mantovam, Karsten Hiller, J. Fiamoncini","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"1 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Inter-Individual Variability in Response to Food in Seniors Living at Home: The MetabotypAGE Project","authors":"C. Manach, Cécile Gladine, Christine Morand, L. Mosoni, E. Pujos-Guillot, Didier Rémond, S. Polakof","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"8 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Role of Genetics in Fatty Acids Oral Perception and Related Traits in Two European Cohorts","authors":"Francesco Piluso, Harry Stevens, C. Graham, Alexandra King, L. Pilic, Paolo Gasparini, M. P. Concas","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091343","url":null,"abstract":": Unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) can influence various aspects of human biology (e.g., the immune system), and an excess of saturated fatty acids is associated with non-communicable diseases. The orosensory perception of FAs has been demonstrated and debated as a possible sixth taste. The Cluster of Differentiation 36 ( CD36 ) gene codes for a membrane protein apically located in taste bud cells, which is considered a possible fat taste mediator. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1761667 (G>A) is associated with a reduced protein expression, possibly leading to fat taste hyposensitivity, but the results are controversial. Here, we investigate, in two European cohorts, rs1761667’s role on taste perception, food liking as an intake determinant, and diet-related traits. We analysed two cohorts from the UK (n = 49; 63% female) and Italy (Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG); n = 235; 54% female). Data collected were taste perception and liking via actual foodstuffs in the UK; food liking, as evaluated by a questionnaire, in FVG; the rs1761667 genotype; and BMI as an indicator of non-communicable diseases. The effect of the SNP on the considered phenotypes was evaluated using linear regression models. In the UK, A-allele carriers showed higher perceived intensity ( β = 0.99; p = 0.02) and reduced liking, although not significant ( β = − 0.30), from fat food sample; in the FVG cohort, we replicated the negative association between A-allele carriers and fat liking, specifically for “gorgonzola” cheese ( β -value = − 0.82; p = 0.03). These results align with the negative relationship seen between fat intensity and liking (cor = − 0.2). Regarding other tastes, we found that A-allele carriers (UK) showed higher umami food perceived intensity ( β -value = 0.89; p = 0.02) and reduced liking (FVG) for an umami food (“soy sauce”) ( β value","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variant of SNP 1799930 Identifies the Protective Character of High Metabolizing of Xenobiotics in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity","authors":"M. Pinhel, L. Watanabe, N. Noronha, G. Rodrigues, F. Barbosa Junior, Carolina Nicoletti, C. Nonino","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091330","url":null,"abstract":": Background and Objectives: Enzymes involved with acetylation capacity affects the metabolization of several xenobiotics that can be deposited in adipose tissue and hinder weight loss, leading to obesity. Our aim was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to the xenobiotic’s metabolism and to associate such with the serum levels of heavy metals in an individual with excess body weight. Methods: The sample was selected at the Ribeir ã o Preto Medical School at the University of S ã o Paulo, Brazil. Genotyping arrays were performed with 23 SNPs. Quality control and imputation steps were applied using the functions in the package ‘snpReady’ (CRAN) and ‘imput’ (Bioconductor). Results: This study selected 189 individuals of mixed ethnicity of both sexes, with a mean age of 42.2 ± 12.9 years and a mean BMI of 45.1 ± 11.4 kg/cm 2 . From the cluster of 23 evaluated SNPs, we observed a higher frequency of SNP 1799930 in the NAT2 gene (N-acetyltraferase). The genotypes were correlated to the serum levels of different metals. We observed that individuals homozygous for the mutant allele (AA), called fast metabolizers, had lower levels of aluminum (Al) (51.4 ± 18.9 µ g/L) compared to those considered slow metabolizers (GG) (64.0 ± 37.2 µ g/L; p = 0.02). No difference was observed when compared with heterozygosity (AG). Furthermore, the BMI of fast metabolizers (48.7 ± 12.8 kg/cm 2 ) was higher than the slow metabolizer individuals (45.9 ± 10.4 kg/cm 2 ; p < 0.05). Discussion: Fast metabolizers seem to have a greater Al metabolization only in homozygosis, that is, the dose-dependent gene, to exert its effect. Interestingly, the presence of the AA genotype is associated with a higher BMI, suggesting that larger studies should be carried out investigating the deposition of metals in adipose tissue","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"154 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Representation of Non-Meat Proteins in Food-Based Dietary Guidelines: A Review of National Guidelines in Europe","authors":"Hannah E. Theobald, Veronica Moran","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replacing Part of Maltodextrin with Galactose in Early Life Diet Results in an Improved Body Composition and Energy Metabolism in a Mouse Model","authors":"Maryam Rakhshandehroo, Peixin Sun, Melissa Bekkenkamp‐Grovenstein, L. Schipper, E. V. van Schothorst","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091327","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Lactose, a disaccharide of glucose and galactose, is the primary carbohydrate found in milk. Recently, there has been an increased demand for low lactose/lactose-free infant formulas. Maltodextrin (MDX) is a popular, alternative carbohydrate source in these formulas, yet the (long-term","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"122 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Updated Algorithm of Front-of-Pack Label Nutri-Score Is Not in Line with Dutch Food-Based Dietary Guidelines: Results of Calculations with Dutch Food Composition Database","authors":"Jacco Gerritsen, Hans Verhagen, S. Peters","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091326","url":null,"abstract":"of","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-Specific Multi-Omics Markers Associated with Metabolic Health Benefits Can Be Determined in Vegan Population","authors":"A. Ouřadová, M. Cahova, J. Gojda, A. Naccarati, G. Ferrero, M. Heniková, Tooba Asif","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091329","url":null,"abstract":": Background and objectives: Diet is one of the fundamental factors that not only determines metabolic health but also shapes the gut microbiome and serum metabolome (MIME). Plant-based diets are associated with potential health benefits, but their effect on MIME remain to be elucidated. We sought to determine whether diet-dependent markers explaining the observed health benefits of a vegan diet could be identified in the MIME of vegans from different geographic regions. Methods: Lean, healthy vegans ( n = 100) and omnivores ( n = 73) with comparable BMI from two geographical regions (Czech Republic, Northern Italy) participated in the cross-sectional study. Based on their clinical characteristics and serum markers, we investigated their glucose and lipid metabolism and used an integrated multi-omics approach (16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics and lipidomics profiling) to identify country-and diet-specific MIME markers. Results: Czech and Italian vegans exhibited more favorable lipid profile parameters compared to omnivores characterized by decreased serum concentrations of sphingomyelins, ceramides, cholesterol esters, and lipid species containing saturated fatty acid. Using a machine learning approach, we were able to discriminate between vegans and omnivores based on separate omics datasets, regardless of country of origin. By combining all MIME features, we were able to identify a vegan diet-specific multi-omics signature that allows for the classification of vegans and omnivores with high accuracy. Most of the vegan-specific variables were associated with favorable indices of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, or body weight. Discussion: Most of the MIME markers that are down-regulated in vegans are predominantly associated with adverse health outcomes, whereas those that are up-regulated are associated with a healthy phenotype and a low risk of non-communicable diseases. Our findings support the potential use of a healthy plant-based diet in the treatment of metabolic disorders.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"43 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}