Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Right-hemisphere lateralisation evidenced from the chimeric face task predicts self-reported social competencies.","authors":"Vinh Nguyen, Robin Laycock","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01378-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01378-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Observing and understanding faces is a critical component of social interactions. The neural correlates of face processing have been well established to be preferentially lateralised to the right hemisphere, though the functional role of this brain asymmetry has received less attention. Here we investigated the hypothesis that a left-visual-field (right-hemisphere) bias in face perception would be associated with a broader set of self-reported social competencies. Participants (n = 348) completed a chimeric face task, requiring judgements of which side of chimeric face stimuli were more emotional, a face emotion recognition task, and the Multidimensional Social Competence Scale in an online experiment. Overall social competencies were predicted by degree of chimeric face task bias to the right hemisphere (determined as the laterality quotient, LQ). Structural Equation Model analyses revealed that social inferencing and non-verbal sending skills were best predicted by LQ. In all analyses the predictive role of LQ was independent of face emotion recognition. Social cognition has previously been linked to the right hemisphere, but we report a novel relationship between lateralisation of face processing, and aspects of social competencies that encompass both understanding and the display of social cues.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1008-1021"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration vs. Exploitation in a Novel Complex Card Matching Task: Evidence from Pupillometry.","authors":"Giovanna C Del Sordo, Megan H Papesh","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01377-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01377-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exploration-exploitation tradeoff describes the cognitive balance between exploring novel options and exploiting known strategies to optimize decision-making. The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system has been implicated in regulating this tradeoff, with phasic and tonic LC activity linked to exploitation and exploration, respectively. Pupillometry provides a noninvasive measure of LC activity, with pretrial pupil size reflecting tonic activity and task-evoked pupil responses indicating phasic activity. In this study, we investigated how pupillary dynamics track transitions between exploration and exploitation in a novel cognitive paradigm, the Complex Card Matching Task (CCMT). The CCMT was designed to elicit clear exploratory and exploitative behaviors while incorporating two difficulty levels to assess task-related cognitive demands. Our findings showed that exploration was consistently associated with larger pupil size than exploitation in both pretrial and task-evoked periods, suggesting heightened LC-NE activity during uncertain decision-making. Importantly, task difficulty moderated these effects during exploitation, with larger pupils observed in the Hard condition, reflecting the increased cognitive effort required to maintain complex rules to make a decision. By contrast, exploration was unaffected by difficulty, indicating a stable arousal signature of rule discovery across task demands. The pupil dynamics observed in the exploration-exploitation tradeoff highlight the complexity of this process, suggesting that while exploration involves a consistent baseline of elevated arousal, exploitation is more sensitive to task difficulty. The CCMT provided a clear distinction between exploration and exploitation, reinforcing its value for investigating cognitive flexibility and decision-making processes. Our findings contribute to understanding the neural and physiological mechanisms underlying the exploration-exploitation tradeoff.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"850-871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of emotional prosody in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.","authors":"Sharon Mara Luciano, Francesco Panico, Rosalia De Biase, Laura Catalano, Laura Sagliano, Luigi Trojano","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01379-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01379-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder involving motor, cognitive and affective symptoms. Processing of emotional prosody, namely the modulation of pitch, volume, and frequency in speech conveying emotional nuances, seems to be affected in PD, but its neural mechanisms have not been fully comprehended. To address this issue, the present systematic review searched for the studies which investigated the neural correlates of emotional prosody in PD patients by means of electrophysiological, neuroimaging, and brain stimulation techniques. Studies on deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus provided conflicting information on the alterations in emotional prosody perception and expression, with some inconsistency about lateralization. Brain recording and imaging techniques revealed associations of perception and expression deficits of emotional prosody with striatal, frontal, and limbic dysfunction. No study adopted non-invasive brain stimulation to assess emotional prosody processing. Future research should incorporate these techniques in experimental settings and use standardised emotional prosody tasks in patients with PD and in control healthy individuals. Clarifying the neural correlates of emotional prosody may enhance understanding of social communication deficits and could be informative for future therapeutic approaches to improve quality of life in patients with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"798-823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural mechanisms underlying dynamic manipulation of sequential information in working memory.","authors":"Yanqing Wang","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01386-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01386-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maintaining and manipulating sequential information in working memory is crucial for complex cognitive functions, such as language processing and action planning. While prior research has extensively characterized the neural substrates of passive sequence maintenance, the mechanisms underlying dynamic sequence manipulation remain poorly understood. This fMRI study employed univariate analyses, multivariate pattern analysis, and functional connectivity methods to dissociate neural mechanisms supporting active sequence reorganization from passive maintenance. Thirty-one healthy adults performed a digit-ordering task with two conditions: pure recall (maintaining preordered sequences) and reorder & recall (dynamically organizing randomized sequences). Univariate analyses revealed that manipulation, compared with maintenance, robustly activated a frontoparietal network (FPN) and deactivated the default mode network (DMN). Multivariate pattern analysis further demonstrated that manipulation-specific neural representations were decodable within frontoparietal regions, indicating their role in encoding the transformation of information. Critically, functional connectivity analysis revealed a dynamic network reconfiguration during manipulation, characterized by strengthened intra-network connectivity within the FPN and significant decoupling between the FPN and DMN. Within this reorganized architecture, the anterior cingulate cortex emerged as an integrative hub within the FPN, while the middle frontal gyrus mediated the interaction between the FPN and DMN. These findings provide a comprehensive, multilevel account of working memory manipulation, highlighting that it relies not merely on localized activation but on a large-scale, demand-driven reconfiguration of brain networks, involving a precise balance of network segregation and integration orchestrated by key cortical hubs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"953-964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual differences in the empathic experience of pain: An EEG and machine learning approach.","authors":"Célia F Camara, Sebastian Halder, Carina C J M de Klerk, Alejandra Sel","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01382-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01382-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Observing pain in others often elicits vicarious responses commonly considered as indices of empathy. However, the extent to which these responses reflect genuine empathic engagement remains subject of debate, with little research on how they may vary among individuals exhibiting low empathy traits like callousness or emotional detachment. To investigate this, we recorded EEG activity from 37 healthy participants to determine if neural responses to second-hand pain correlate with self-reported empathy and callousunemotional traits, while further testing the predictive utility of these signatures using single-trial machine learning classification. Although painful stimuli elicited distinct responses at the group level - specifically larger late positive potentials (LPP; 500-900 ms) and decreased theta and alpha power (650-1300 ms) over centroparietal brain regions -, machine learning classification of pain versus no-pain trials did not exceed chance accuracy, suggesting weak or heterogeneous neural differentiation at the single-trial level. Furthermore, pain-related EEG activity did not correlate with subjective pain ratings or empathy. Instead, the data revealed that callous and uncaring traits predicted attenuated LPP amplitudes, and unemotional traits were associated with stronger theta desynchronisation. Together, these findings suggest that neural markers of vicarious pain do not necessarily index empathic engagement but rather seem to reflect individual differences in emotional sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1237-1250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of emotion on hippocampal-dependent associative binding through the lens of the weather prediction task.","authors":"Emilie de Montpellier, Hannah Bernhard, Richard Henson, Thomas G W McConnell, Deborah Talmi","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01371-4","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01371-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the impact of negative emotion on hippocampal-dependent associative memory through the \"weather prediction task,\" which distinguishes between hippocampal (declarative) and striatal (procedural) memory systems. This was achieved by comparing the \"paired-associates\" condition, where participants memorise associations between cues and outcomes, with the \"feedback\" condition, where they learn these associations through trial-and-error. Based on the dual representation theory, we hypothesized that negative emotion would selectively impair hippocampal-dependent memory but instead found substantial evidence for a null effect of emotion. Across three experiments, the third of which employed a sequential design with Bayesian statistics and a sample of 800 participants, negative emotion did not decrease associative memory accuracy in the hippocampal-dependent \"paired-associates\" condition. These results challenge the dual representation theory, at least in the context of nontraumatic, controlled laboratory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"923-952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysfunctional oscillatory bursting patterns linked to working memory in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Brian C Kavanaugh, Megan M Vigne, Isaiah Gamble, Christopher Legere, Gian DePamphilis, W Luke Acuff, Eric Tirrell, Noah Vaughan, Ryan Thorpe, Elena K Festa, Anthony Spirito, Stephanie R Jones, Linda L Carpenter","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01361-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01361-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying neural markers of clinical symptom fluctuations is prerequisite to developing more precise brain-targeted treatments in psychiatry. We have recently shown that working memory (WM) in healthy adults is dependent on the rise and fall interplay between alpha (8-12 Hz)/beta (15-29 Hz) and high-frequency activity (HFA; 55-80 Hz) bursts within frontoparietal regions, and that deviations in these patterns lead to WM performance errors. However, it is not known whether such bursting deviations correlate to clinically relevant WM-related symptoms or clinical status in individuals with WM deficits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized trial-by-trial burst characterization and source localization approaches collected during a Sternberg WM paradigm within our magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography dataset of 27 adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who completed the EEG procedures regularly during their participation in intermittent theta burst stimulation research studies, including an intermittent theta burst stimulation clinical trial (for a total of n = 180 participant/sessions). Source localizing electroencephalography data to each participant's structural MRI, the rate and volume of alpha, beta, and HFA bursts were examined within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha/beta bursting decreased during stimuli encoding and increased during the delay, while HFA bursting was elevated during encoding and decreased during the delay. Deviations in bursting patterns were associated with WM errors and clinical symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dysfunctional alpha/beta and HFA burst dynamics within the frontoparietal region underlie both intra-individual WM performance and WM symptom fluctuations in adolescents with ADHD. Such burst dynamics reflect a novel target and biomarker for WM-related treatment development.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1329-1344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining effects of effort and reward magnitude on effort-cost decision-making in people with major depressive disorder.","authors":"Alice R Klein, Soobin Hong, Aram Kim, Vikram S Chib, Sanjay G Manohar, Masud Husain, James M Gold, Adam J Culbreth","doi":"10.3758/s13415-026-01400-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-026-01400-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motivational impairment is a primary feature of major depressive disorder (MDD); yet the cognitive mechanisms underlying this deficit remain unclear. Effort-cost decision making is a popular framework for understanding motivation in MDD. This study examined the relative contributions of reward and effort to decision-making in an effort-cost decision-making (ECDM) task. A combined sample (remitted and current) of medicated and nonmedicated individuals with MDD (N = 32) and healthy controls (HC, N = 30) completed the Apple Gathering Task. In this task, reward and effort magnitudes are parametrically manipulated to independently estimate effects of effort and reward on choice. Choice data were analyzed by using conventional analyses, as well as computational models of behavior. Compared with HC, individuals with MDD were less willing to accept offers characterized by low reward and high effort amounts. Computational analyses using hierarchical drift diffusion modeling mirrored these findings, suggesting that evidence accumulation in MDD compared with HC was 1) faster when rejecting high effort options, and 2) faster when accepting high reward options. Additionally, higher fatigue and presence of a current depressive episode was associated with reduced ECDM in those with MDD, for low reward and high effort offers. Our results highlight influences of both reward and effort on reduced ECDM in MDD. Furthermore, our results point to critical symptom (fatigue) and state-based associations (current vs. remitted status).</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1283-1295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12997560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neurocognitive aspects of empathy and theory of mind in pragmatic language processing.","authors":"Elizabeth Valles-Capetillo, Fariea Bakul, Julia Dominguez, Magda Giordano, Rajesh K Kana","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01389-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01389-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding pragmatic language, such as irony or white lies, requires complex social-cognitive processing. While both empathy and Theory of Mind (ToM) are known contributors, their relevance remains poorly understood. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioral tests to investigate how individual differences in ToM and empathy are associated with neural activation during comprehension of pragmatic language. Forty-five neurotypical adults completed a Contextual Discrepancy Task featuring ironic, literal, white lie, and unrelated statements while undergoing fMRI. Behavioral measures of empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index) and ToM (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, Short Story Task) were collected. Brain activity was constrained to empathy- and ToM-related regions identified through Neurosynth meta-analyses. Results revealed a shared frontotemporal network, particularly the inferior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and supramarginal gyrus, supporting all statement types. Regression models showed that ToM, especially its affective components, predicted activation in mentalizing regions, such as the precuneus, angular gyrus, and amygdala. Empathy was linked to signal changes in the insula and supramarginal gyrus, underscoring their role in emotional simulation. The supramarginal gyrus emerged as a convergence zone integrating affective and cognitive contributions across both domains. These findings highlight the integrative and distributed nature of the neural architecture supporting pragmatic language processing, offering insight into how emotion and inference jointly shape communicative interpretation. Implications extend to understanding communicative impairments in clinical populations and informing interventions targeting social-cognitive processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1222-1236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and neural dynamics of racial bias in pain empathy: A systematic review of event-related potentials.","authors":"Mojtaba Ghobadi, Maryam Shafieejahromi, Maryam Shaygan","doi":"10.3758/s13415-025-01366-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13415-025-01366-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have demonstrated that potent sociocognitive factors, particularly perceived race, strongly influence empathy leading to altered social interactions, especially in clinical settings. This systematic review aimed to clarify how racial bias influences brain responses to others' pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this review, 17 eligible studies included based a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for this review. All included studies utilized event-related potentials to investigate the neural correlates of empathy for pain in visual empathy judgment tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early event-related potential (ERP) components, such as P1 and N170, reflect initial processing biases in racial pain judgment. The P2 component highlights automatic emotional biases, evidenced by enhanced neural responses to same-race suffering. Finally, the flexible P3 component indicates higher-level cognitive appraisal and controlled processing, influenced by individual beliefs and social context. These ERP findings are consistent with neurocognitive models that involve brain networks involved in salience recognition (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex, insula) and top-down regulation (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and are aligned with theoretical frameworks, such as predictive coding theory and dual-process theories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reviewed ERP evidence provides a precise neurocognitive time course of how racial bias shapes empathic pain processing. Distinct ERP components reveal a progression from rapid perception (e.g., P1, N170) to automatic affective bias (P2) and later cognitive appraisal (P3). These findings underscore empathy as a dynamic and flexible process, amenable to targeted interventions. This neurophysiological insight establishes a promising foundation for developing strategies to motivate prosocial behavior, challenge discrimination, and advance equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50672,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"750-766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}