Current Opinion in Ophthalmology最新文献_第6页

The global burden of blindness. 失明的全球负担。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001099

Bryanna J Lee, Natalie A Afshari

引用次数: 0

Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. 假性囊样黄斑水肿

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001101

Yousef A Fouad, Sam Karimaghaei, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny, Ahmed R Alagorie, Andrew D Brown, Ahmed B Sallam

{"title":"Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.","authors":"Yousef A Fouad, Sam Karimaghaei, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny, Ahmed R Alagorie, Andrew D Brown, Ahmed B Sallam","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001101","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001101","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is the most common postoperative complication of cataract surgery, resulting in visual decline. In this review, we discuss its pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and the current available evidence on therapeutic management.Recent findings: Patients with diabetes mellitus have twice the risk of developing PCME as compared to nondiabetic individuals. Recent large database studies have revealed an increased risk among young, male, and black patients. A previous history of PCME is perhaps the strongest risk factor for fellow eye involvement.Summary: PCME generally occurs around 6 weeks postoperatively and is likely a consequence of postoperative inflammation with disruption of the blood-queous and blood-retina barriers. Optical coherence tomography of the macula servers as a key diagnostic tool. There is a lack of large controlled clinical trials to guide treatment approaches. We recommend a stepwise approach for PCME that includes observation if not visually significant versus treatment with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids if symptomatic. Refractory cases can be treated with a periocular steroid injection, followed by intravitreal steroids if still nonresponsive.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How do intraocular lens materials influence the outcome of cataract surgery? 眼内晶体材料如何影响白内障手术的效果？

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001095

Andrzej Grzybowski, Gerd U Auffarth, Benjamin R LaHood

{"title":"How do intraocular lens materials influence the outcome of cataract surgery?","authors":"Andrzej Grzybowski, Gerd U Auffarth, Benjamin R LaHood","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001095","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001095","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review summarizes the evidence on the effect of intraocular lens (IOL) material on the outcomes of cataract surgery, as well as on the surgical procedure itself.Recent findings: Differences in capsular biocompatibility between IOL materials lead to variations in capsular stability and posterior capsule opacification (PCO), while differences in uveal biocompatibility affect postoperative inflammatory response.Summary: Refractive outcomes are affected by both incision size and the rotational stability of toric IOLs. Small incision sizes favour hydrophilic IOLs. Rotational stability of hydrophobic and hydrophilic IOLs were comparable in recent studies. Visual outcomes are affected by chromatic aberrations, dysphotopsia, lens opacifications and PCO. Hydrophilic IOLs are associated with reduced chromatic dispersion. Hydrophobic IOL opacifications are caused by sub-surface glistenings, while hydrophilic IOL opacifications are due to surface calcifications. Some surgeries, including pars plana vitrectomy and lamellar corneal transplants, were shown to increase the risk of IOL calcifications, although the mechanism is still unknown. Hydrophilic IOLs have greater ease of manipulation, greater resistance to IOL damage, and higher uveal biocompatibility. Hydrophobic IOLs show better PCO prevention than hydrophilic IOLs, and should be preferred in highly myopic eyes where Nd:YAG capsulotomy might increase the risk of retinal detachment.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cataract surgery combined with glaucoma surgery. 白内障手术联合青光眼手术。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001105

Julien Torbey, Kaweh Mansouri

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology. 眼科人工智能。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001111

Ava S Khossravi, Qingyu Chen, Ron A Adelman

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology.","authors":"Ava S Khossravi, Qingyu Chen, Ron A Adelman","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001111","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To review role of artificial intelligence in medicine.Recent findings: Artificial intelligence is continuing to revolutionize access, diagnosis, personalization of medicine, and treatment in healthcare. As a matter of fact, artificial intelligence contributed to the research that resulted in 2024 Nobel Prizes in physics, chemistry, and economics. We are only at the tip of the iceberg in utilizing the abilities of artificial intelligence in medicine to improve accuracy of diagnoses and to enhance patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence has allowed better image analysis, prediction of progression of disease, personalized treatment plans, incorporations of genomics, and improved efficiency in care and follow-up utilizing home monitoring. In ocular health diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal infections, and ectasia are only a few examples of how the power of artificial intelligence has been harnessed. Even though there are still challenges that need more work in the areas of patient privacy, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliance, reliability, and development of regulatory frameworks, artificial intelligence has revolutionized and will continue to revolutionize medicine.Summary: Artificial intelligence is enhancing medical diagnosis and treatment, as well as access and prevention. Ocular imaging, visual outcome, optics, intraocular pressure, and data points will continue to see growth it the field of artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"35-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update on intraocular lens formulas. 人工晶状体配方更新。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001093

Miguel Raimundo, Oliver Findl

{"title":"Update on intraocular lens formulas.","authors":"Miguel Raimundo, Oliver Findl","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ICU.0000000000001093","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aims to discuss recent advances in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation, including newly introduced formulas, classification updates, comparative analyses between formulas, and emerging trends in the field.Recent findings: A significant number of modern IOL power calculation formulas have become available, incorporating both established and novel concepts such as artificial intelligence and ray tracing. A revised classification system has been introduced, reflecting the underlying principles of each formula. Recent comparative studies demonstrate the excellent refractive outcomes achievable with modern formulas. Emerging trends, such as the use of sum-of-segments axial length and the incorporation of measured posterior corneal data, hold promise for refining predictions in cases of extreme axial lengths and nonphysiological corneas, respectively. Advances in optimization and analytical methods also have the potential to further enhance refractive results.Summary: The field of IOL power calculation is continually evolving through iterative improvements in formula design, driven by new technologies, advanced instrumentation, and innovative analytical approaches. These advancements enable excellent refractive outcomes, even in atypical eyes.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":"36 1","pages":"4-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001104

引用次数: 0

A look at the emerging trends of large language models in ophthalmology. 审视眼科大语言模型的新兴趋势。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001097

Ting Fang Tan, Chrystie Quek, Joy Wong, Daniel S W Ting

引用次数: 0

Challenges and outcomes of cataract surgery after vitrectomy. 玻璃体切除术后白内障手术的挑战和结果。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001096

Bryanna J Lee, Jong Hwa Jun, Natalie A Afshari

{"title":"Challenges and outcomes of cataract surgery after vitrectomy.","authors":"Bryanna J Lee, Jong Hwa Jun, Natalie A Afshari","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001096","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001096","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review examines the challenges and outcomes of cataract surgery after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), focusing on surgical techniques, timing, and complication management.Recent findings: Cataract formation remains the primary complication post-PPV, affecting approximately 80-100% of patients within two years. Nuclear sclerotic cataracts are most common, occurring in 60-100% of patients over 50, followed by posterior subcapsular cataracts (4-34%), which primarily affect younger and diabetic patients. PPV disrupts the normal oxygen gradient in the vitreous, resulting in a more uniform oxygen distribution and accelerating cataract formation.Post-PPV eyes present unique surgical challenges due to anatomical alterations, including zonular instability and capsular changes characterized by increased fragility, the potential for tears, and altered elasticity. Newer intraocular lens power calculations show promise, but unexpected refractive outcomes may occur. The choice between combined phacovitrectomy and sequential surgeries remains debated, with patient-specific factors guiding the approach. Visual outcomes vary depending on preexisting vitreoretinal pathologies and baseline vision before PPV. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to establish treatment guidelines and improve predictive models.Summary: Post-PPV cataract surgery presents unique challenges, including anatomical alterations and an increased risk of capsular complications. These necessitate careful consideration of the surgical approach and highlight the need for further research to optimize outcomes and establish treatment guidelines.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multimodal corneal imaging before refractive cataract surgery. 屈光性白内障手术前的多模式角膜成像。

IF 3 2区医学

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001102

Karolyna Andrade de Carvalho, Louise Pellegrino G Esporcatte, Rachel L R Gomes, Renato Ambrósio

{"title":"Multimodal corneal imaging before refractive cataract surgery.","authors":"Karolyna Andrade de Carvalho, Louise Pellegrino G Esporcatte, Rachel L R Gomes, Renato Ambrósio","doi":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001102","DOIUrl":"10.1097/ICU.0000000000001102","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To prospectively review the advances in diagnostics for refractive cataract surgery, focusing on multimodal corneal analysis.Recent findings: The article explores the considerations related to planning refractive cataract surgery, emphasizing its potential to enhance patients' vision performance and quality of life. This review explores preoperative analysis in cataract surgery, focusing on assessing the cornea and ocular surface using multimodal diagnostics, including Placido disk-based corneal topography, Scheimpflug tomography OCT (optical coherence tomography), and biomechanical assessment. Wavefront technology, gene therapy, and artificial intelligence are also relevant in enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. It highlights the importance of preoperative thorough evaluations and technological advancements in ophthalmology.Summary: The rapid evolution and advancement of technology enable excellent refractive outcomes in most cases following cataract surgery. Consideration of appropriate preoperative factors is essential for achieving the desired postoperative outcome.","PeriodicalId":50604,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0