Saurabh Kataria, Utsav Patel, Kevin Yabut, Jayshil Patel, Rajkumar Patel, Savan Patel, Jeremiah Hilkiah Wijaya, Pankti Maniyar, Yukti Karki, Moinulhaq P Makrani, Omar Viswanath, Alan D Kaye
{"title":"Recent Advances in Management of Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review with Focus on Nanomedicine, Gene Therapy, Stem Cell Therapy, and Newer Therapeutic Options.","authors":"Saurabh Kataria, Utsav Patel, Kevin Yabut, Jayshil Patel, Rajkumar Patel, Savan Patel, Jeremiah Hilkiah Wijaya, Pankti Maniyar, Yukti Karki, Moinulhaq P Makrani, Omar Viswanath, Alan D Kaye","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01227-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01227-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This manuscript summarizes novel clinical and interventional approaches in the management of chronic, nociceptive, and neuropathic pain.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Pain can be defined as a feeling of physical or emotional distress caused by an external stimulus. Pain can be grouped into distinct types according to characteristics including neuropathic pain, which is a pain caused by disease or lesion in the sensory nervous system; nociceptive pain, which is pain that can be sharp, aching, or throbbing and is caused by injury to bodily tissues; and chronic pain, which is long lasting or persisting beyond 6 months. With improved understanding of different signaling systems for pain in recent years, there has been an upscale of methods of analgesia to counteract these pathological processes. Novel treatment methods such as use of cannabinoids, stem cells, gene therapy, nanoparticles, monoclonal antibodies, and platelet-rich plasma have played a significant role in improved strategies for therapeutic interventions. Although many management options appear to be promising, extensive additional clinical research is warranted to determine best practice strategies in the future for clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"321-333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11126447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Benefit of Dietary Supplementation of Nutraceuticals as an Integrative Approach for Management of Migraine: Evidence From Preclinical and Clinical Studies.","authors":"Paul L Durham, Sophia R Antonopoulos","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01230-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01230-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To provide information from preclinical and clinical studies on the biological activity and health benefits of dietary inclusion of nutraceuticals as a safe, effective, non-pharmacological approach for the treatment of migraine.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>There is emerging evidence of the therapeutic benefit of nutraceuticals to inhibit oxidative stress, suppress inflammation, and prevent changes in the normal gut microbiome, which are implicated in migraine pathology. Nutraceuticals can be enriched in polyphenols, which act as molecular scavengers to reduce the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species and phytosterols that suppress inflammation. Nutraceuticals also function to inhibit dysbiosis and to maintain the commensal intestinal bacteria that produce anti-inflammatory molecules including short-chain fatty acids that can act systemically to maintain a healthy nervous system. Dietary inclusion of nutraceuticals that exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive properties and maintain the gut microbiota provides a complementary and integrative therapeutic strategy for migraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"373-381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140013627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajesh Naidu Janapala, Emilija Knezevic, Nebojsa Nick Knezevic, Rachana Pasupuleti, Mahendra R Sanapati, Alan D Kaye, Vidyasagar Pampati, Sahar Shekoohi, Laxmaiah Manchikanti
{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Ablation of the Sacroiliac Joint.","authors":"Rajesh Naidu Janapala, Emilija Knezevic, Nebojsa Nick Knezevic, Rachana Pasupuleti, Mahendra R Sanapati, Alan D Kaye, Vidyasagar Pampati, Sahar Shekoohi, Laxmaiah Manchikanti","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01226-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01226-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of radiofrequency neurotomy in managing sacroiliac joint pain utilizing a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The prevalence of sacroiliac joint pain is estimated at around 25% of low back pain cases, and its diagnosis lacks a gold standard. Treatments include exercise therapy, injections, ablation, and fusion, with variable effectiveness. COVID-19 altered utilization patterns of interventions, including sacroiliac joint procedures, and the evidence for these interventions remains inconclusive. Recently, Medicare has issued its local coverage determinations (LCDs) in the United States, which provides noncoverage of sacroiliac joint radiofrequency neurotomy. Additionally, a recent systematic review of sacroiliac joint injections showed Level III or fair evidence. The sacroiliac joint, a critical axial joint linking the spine and pelvis, contributes to low back pain. Its complex innervation pattern varies among individuals. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction, causing pain and stiffness, arises from diverse factors.The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate radiofrequency neurotomy's effectiveness for sacroiliac joint pain management by applying rigorous methodology, considering both RCTs and observational studies. Despite methodological disparities, the evidence from this review, supported by changes in pain scores and functional improvement, suggests Level III evidence with fair recommendation for radiofrequency neurotomy as a treatment option. The review's strengths include its comprehensive approach and quality assessment. However, limitations persist, including variations in criteria and technical factors, underscoring the need for further high-quality studies in real-world scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"335-372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Prevalence and Clinical Phenotypes of Cluster Headache in Relation with Latitude.","authors":"Yi-Chia Liaw, Shih-Pin Chen, Shuu-Jiun Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01229-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01229-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Previous studies have indicated a possible link between the prevalence of cluster headache (CH) and sunlight exposure. However, this theory has yet to be tested systemically. In this article, we aim to examine how latitude affects the prevalence and phenotypes of CH.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>To our knowledge, there is by far no article describing the effect of latitude on disease phenotype; thus, we performed a literature review. We noted positive effects of latitude on 1-year prevalence, the proportion of chronic CH, and the proportion of miosis and/or ptosis. Latitude may affect the phenotypic presentations of cluster headache, probably partially mediated via temperature and sunlight variations. Still, other factors, such as environmental exposure to smoking and the genetic difference between the Eastern and Western populations, may participate in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of CH.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"427-438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11126473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rebound Intracranial Hypertension.","authors":"Simy K Parikh","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01231-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01231-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Rebound intracranial hypertension (RIH) is a post-procedural treatment complication in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) characterized by transient high-pressure headache symptoms. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical features, risk factors, and treatment options for RIH.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>This article discusses how changes in underlying venous pressure and craniospinal elastance can explain symptoms of RIH, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), and SIH. The pathophysiology of RIH provides a clue for how high and low intracranial pressure disorders, such as IIH and SIH, are connected on a shared spectrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11126494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140013628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amber N Edinoff, Saveen Sall, William C Upshaw, Noah J Spillers, LeighAnn Y Vincik, Adalyn S De Witt, Kevin S Murnane, Adam M Kaye, Alan D Kaye
{"title":"Xylazine: A Drug Adulterant of Clinical Concern.","authors":"Amber N Edinoff, Saveen Sall, William C Upshaw, Noah J Spillers, LeighAnn Y Vincik, Adalyn S De Witt, Kevin S Murnane, Adam M Kaye, Alan D Kaye","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01211-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01211-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The opioid epidemic has been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in the USA and worldwide. As a result, it is essential to recognize the threat these potent drugs can cause when illicitly used. Specifically, introducing fentanyl as a drug adulterant has been shown to impact overdose rates drastically. In this regard, the Drug Enforcement Agency recently released a public safety alert announcing the new threat of a new adulterant called xylazine. Xylazine is a powerful animal sedative with a different mechanism of action when compared to illicit opioids such as heroin and fentanyl. Xylazine is typically injected intravenously via a syringe, often in combination with multiple other drugs. One of the most common drugs, xylazine, is taken in combination with fentanyl, with users of this drug combination describing xylazine as prolonging the euphoric sensation produced by fentanyl.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Xylazine may cause adverse effects such as bradycardia, brief hypertension followed by hypotension, premature ventricular contractions, ataxia, slurred speech, sedation, and respiratory depression. Much of the recent literature on xylazine use in humans comes from case reports and review articles. Related to widespread use in veterinary medicine and increasing circulation in illicit drug markets, there is a critical need for public awareness and additional clinical-based studies to further increase understanding of mediated or modulated pharmacological effects of xylazine in humans. Further research is urgently needed to more clearly understand the implications of unregulated xylazine in the illicit drug market, to formulate public health interventions, and to implement harm reduction strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"417-426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11126434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neuraxial Anesthesia and Analgesia During Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Kevin Chen, Kyle Gashler, Tommy Li, Anvinh Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01235-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11916-024-01235-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The purpose of this review is to synthesize and examine the literature on the use of neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia during cardiothoracic surgery. As cardiothoracic procedures often require systemic anticoagulation, neuraxial techniques are quite often underutilized due to the theoretical risk of epidural hematoma. In this review, we seek to examine the literature to review the indications and contraindications and to explore if neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia has a role in cardiothoracic surgery.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Neuraxial techniques have multiple advantages during cardiothoracic surgery including coronary vasodilation, decreased sympathetic surge, and a decreased cortisol level leading to overall reduction in stress response. Multiple studies have shown an improvement in pain scores, reduction in pulmonary complications, faster extubation times, with minimal complications when neuraxial techniques are utilized in cardiothoracic surgeries. Given the numerous advantages and minimal complications of neuraxial techniques in cardiothoracic surgeries, we hope its utilization continues to increase. Moving forward, we hope additional studies continue to reaffirm the benefits of neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia for cardiothoracic surgeries to improve its utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":" ","pages":"315-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long–Term Outcome After Discontinuation of CGRP-Targeting Therapy for Migraine","authors":"Soohyun Cho, Byung–Kun Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01259-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-024-01259-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of review</h3><p>Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-targeting agents are potential candidates for disease-modifying migraine drugs. However, most studies on CGRP-targeting agents have assessed efficacy outcomes rather than long-term effects after discontinuation. This review aimed to synthesize and scrutinize the latest clinical data on the outcomes after the discontinuation of CGRP-targeting therapy in patients with episodic and chronic migraine, with a particular focus on chronic migraine.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent findings</h3><p>Real-world studies involving patients with migraine have reported consistent findings of worsened headache frequency and quality of life after the discontinuation of CGRP monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs). Although many patients maintain improvements for up to 4 months after discontinuation compared to baseline (before starting CGRP mAbs), no studies have evaluated the effects of stopping treatment for > 5 months, which is the five-half-life of CGRP mAbs. Several studies have suggested that patients treated with CGRP receptor mAbs experience more rapid deterioration than those treated with CGRP ligand mAbs after discontinuing CGRP mAbs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>The results of real-world studies suggest that for many patients with migraine, the benefits of CGRP mAbs diminish months after discontinuation. Therefore, anti-CGRP therapies may not be considered disease-modifying. However, the comprehensive assessment of the disease-modifying potential of these drugs requires studies with extended treatment and cessation durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140829192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei Lin, Jr-Wei Wu, Jennifer I. Stern, Carrie E. Robertson, Chia-Chun Chiang
{"title":"Lacrimal Neuralgia: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature","authors":"Wei Lin, Jr-Wei Wu, Jennifer I. Stern, Carrie E. Robertson, Chia-Chun Chiang","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01250-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-024-01250-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Lacrimal neuralgia is a rare periorbital neuralgia. To date, only nine cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case and a comprehensive overview of the entity with a focus on the differential diagnosis of lacrimal neuralgia. Additionally, we propose putative diagnostic criteria for this rare neuralgia based on cases that have been reported.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Among the ten cases of lacrimal neuralgia reported (including the one in this review), seven out of ten were idiopathic, and the other three were considered secondary. Most patients reported stabbing and shooting pain that was either paroxysmal or continuous. The most effective therapy was nerve block for seven patients and pregabalin for three patients. The most important clues to differentiate lacrimal neuralgia from other causes of periorbital pain include pain topography and pain with features suggestive of neuralgia.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>The core feature of lacrimal neuralgia is neuralgic pain located in the area supplied by the lacrimal nerve, and the etiology could be primary or secondary. Responsiveness to anesthetic blockade might better serve as a confirmational, rather than mandatory, criterion for diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alan D. Kaye, Taylor R. Plaisance, Summer A. Smith, Amanda R. Ragland, Michael J. Alfred, Catherine G. Nguyen, Azem A. Chami, Saurabh Kataria, Kylie Dufrene, Sahar Shekoohi, Christopher L. Robinson
{"title":"Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in Postoperative Analgesia: A Narrative Review","authors":"Alan D. Kaye, Taylor R. Plaisance, Summer A. Smith, Amanda R. Ragland, Michael J. Alfred, Catherine G. Nguyen, Azem A. Chami, Saurabh Kataria, Kylie Dufrene, Sahar Shekoohi, Christopher L. Robinson","doi":"10.1007/s11916-024-01257-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-024-01257-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Recent research has shown the effectiveness of peripheral nerve stimulators (PNS) in managing chronic pain conditions. Ongoing studies aim to explore its potential application in treating acute postoperative pain states. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the role of PNS in providing relief for postoperative pain.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Clinical studies investigating the use of peripheral nerve stimulators (PNS) for analgesia following various surgeries, such as total knee arthroplasty, anterior cruciate ligament repair, ankle arthroplasty, rotator cuff repair, hallux valgus correction, and extremity amputation, have shown promising results. Lead placement locations include the brachial plexus, sciatic, femoral, tibial, genicular, perineal, sural, radial, median, and ulnar nerves. These studies consistently report clinically significant reductions in pain scores, and some even indicate a decrease in opioid consumption following PNS for postoperative pain.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>PNS involves the subcutaneous placement of electrode leads to target peripheral nerve(s) followed by delivery of an electric current via an external pulse generator. While the precise mechanism is not fully understood, the theory posits that PNS modulates electrical stimulation, hindering the signaling of nociceptive pain. PNS presents itself as an alternative to opioid therapy, holding promise to address the opioid epidemic by offering a nonpharmacologic approach for both acute and chronic pain states.</p>","PeriodicalId":50602,"journal":{"name":"Current Pain and Headache Reports","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}