Current Treatment Options in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Current Treatment Options and Emerging Technologies for Pelvic Bone Tumors: From Limb Salvage to Precision Oncology.","authors":"Yichen Liu, Ziang Zhang, Chaoyang Jiang, Ke Jia, Yue Shen, Hongzhi Hu, Baichuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01406-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01406-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>In our practice, the treatment of pelvic bone tumors should begin with a multidisciplinary sarcoma-board evaluation that integrates biopsy-proven histology, high-resolution CT/MRI/PET imaging, neurovascular and visceral involvement, Enneking zone, expected survival, and patient-specific functional goals. For potentially curable primary pelvic sarcomas, we consider negative-margin resection the non-negotiable oncologic priority. Limb-salvage internal hemipelvectomy is preferred when an R0 resection can be achieved while preserving limb viability and a meaningful postoperative function; external hemipelvectomy should be reserved for tumors with unreconstructable femoral or iliac vessel involvement, extensive sciatic or lumbosacral plexus invasion, uncontrolled infection, or recurrent disease in which safe margins cannot otherwise be obtained. Histology should drive sequencing: osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma generally require effective neoadjuvant systemic therapy before definitive local treatment, whereas conventional chondrosarcoma requires meticulous wide en bloc surgery because chemotherapy and conventional radiotherapy have limited curative value. Reconstruction should not be selected by technology alone. For non-weight-bearing or palliative defects, no reconstruction, flail hip, hip transposition, or standard metastatic acetabular procedures may offer the best time-adjusted quality of life. For long-term survivors with periacetabular, sacroiliac, or spinopelvic instability, we favor anatomy-restoring reconstruction using navigation-assisted resection and carefully planned biological, modular, or patient-specific 3D-printed implants, provided soft-tissue coverage and infection risk are acceptable. Emerging tools such as computer-assisted navigation, robotics, artificial intelligence-based segmentation, liquid biopsy, digital twins, and smart biomaterials should be used to reinforce classic oncologic principles rather than replace them. Their adoption should depend on validated margin benefit, durable functional gain, complication reduction, cost-effectiveness, and equitable access.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148594386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Troponins in CardioOncology.","authors":"Jakub Homotnik, Sabina Mędrek, Kasper Rolek, Magdalena Zaborowska-Szmit, Sebastian Szmit","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01403-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01403-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Troponins are an integral part of the diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes in cardiology. It is also useful in many other acute cardiological conditions, such as acute pulmonary embolism. In cardio-oncology, it is part of the definition of either cancer disease or cancer therapy related cardiovascular toxicity. Change in troponin value is one of the diagnostic criteria for mild and moderate cancer therapy related cardiac dysfunction. Diagnosis of myocarditis is also based on troponin elevation. However, an ideal cut-off points for precise diagnostic value and indication for cardiology treatment have not yet been defined.It is still difficult to make therapeutic decisions in cardio-oncology about the initiation, intensification or modification of cardiac therapy based on the dynamics of troponin changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13384995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Treatment Options for Adult Grade 2 IDH-mutant Diffuse Gliomas in the Vorasidenib Era: Patient Selection, Sequencing, and Practical Management.","authors":"Jianheng Wu, Nannan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01401-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01401-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Management of adult WHO CNS grade 2 IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas has entered a more precise postoperative era. Vorasidenib has changed the discussion because it can slow progression and delay the next intervention in selected patients, but the key therapeutic question is not whether mutant IDH inhibition is active; it is where it should be placed relative to observation, reoperation, radiotherapy, and alkylating chemotherapy. We believe treatment should begin with maximal safe resection, integrated molecular diagnosis, and a careful assessment of residual non-enhancing disease, growth kinetics, symptoms, seizure burden, neurocognitive priorities, fertility goals, and patient preference. Observation remains appropriate after gross-total or near-total resection, in patients with absent or minimal residual disease, stable serial MRI, controlled seizures, and no immediate need for durable cytoreduction. Vorasidenib is best framed as an active-delay strategy for patients with measurable, non-enhancing, clinically stable residual or recurrent grade 2 IDH-mutant astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma, particularly when radiotherapy and chemotherapy can reasonably be deferred and preservation of cognition, work capacity, quality of life, or fertility options is a major priority. It should not be presented as a universal substitute for definitive local or adjuvant therapy. Radiotherapy followed by PCV, or selected temozolomide-based approaches when PCV is not feasible, remains appropriate for rapid growth, symptomatic mass effect, new or nodular enhancement, neurological decline, uncontrolled seizures, high-risk molecular pathology such as CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion, or suspected grade transformation. During surveillance or vorasidenib, treatment failure should be judged by trajectory rather than a single scan. Sustained T2/FLAIR volumetric growth, new enhancement, worsening seizures, steroid requirement, functional decline, or need for next intervention should prompt multidisciplinary re-review, repeat tissue sampling when useful, and timely transition to radiochemotherapy, salvage surgery, or clinical-trial enrollment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine and Virtual Reality Technologies in Pain Management for Cancer Patients: A Structured Narrative Review.","authors":"Sevda Uzun, Döne Günay","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01405-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01405-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Cancer-related pain remains a complex and persistent clinical challenge due to its multidimensional nature and the limitations of pharmacological treatments alone. In our view, telemedicine and virtual reality (VR) technologies represent complementary and increasingly relevant approaches that address different yet interconnected dimensions of pain management in oncology care. Telemedicine should be considered a key component of contemporary cancer care, particularly for continuous symptom monitoring, early detection of pain exacerbation, and timely clinical intervention. Its ability to enhance communication between patients and healthcare providers and to support continuity of care makes it especially valuable in the long-term management of cancer-related symptoms. In contrast, VR interventions offer a targeted, non-pharmacological strategy for modulating pain perception through attentional distraction, emotional regulation, and immersive engagement. Based on current evidence, VR appears particularly useful in the management of procedure-related pain and in patients experiencing persistent pain that is insufficiently controlled with standard approaches. We propose that the integration of telemedicine and VR should be considered within a coordinated, patient-centered care model, where telemedicine facilitates ongoing assessment and identification of patient needs, and VR is applied as an adjunctive intervention tailored to individual symptom profiles. Such an approach has the potential to enhance both symptom control and psychological well-being while supporting treatment adherence. However, despite their promise, the implementation of these technologies requires careful consideration of clinical context, patient characteristics, and system-level factors, including digital literacy and technological infrastructure. Future research should prioritize the development of standardized protocols and the evaluation of long-term outcomes to support the sustainable integration of these digital health strategies into routine oncology practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiotoxicity of Targeted Therapies in Hematologic Malignancies: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Management.","authors":"Mengmeng Lin, Shanshan Shi, Chong Zhang, Jianmin Yang, Rong Dong, Nengming Lin, Xiangmin Tong, Yangling Li","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01402-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01402-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>The therapeutic landscape of hematologic malignancies has been transformed over the past decade by the shift from conventional chemotherapy to targeted therapies, including proteasome, tyrosine kinase, and epigenetic regulators. Although these agents have significantly improved patient survival outcomes, this progress is tempered by the emergence of distinct cardiovascular toxicities that threaten both patient quality of life and long-term prognosis. Current clinical management is limited by the lack of standardized adverse event reporting mechanisms in trials and the operational complexity of existing risk stratification tools. In this context, a streamlined, personalized surveillance strategy is warranted. Comprehensive baseline cardiovascular assessment is paramount, with the frequency and modality of subsequent monitoring tailored specifically to the agent's mechanism of action and the patient's underlying risk profile. Crucially, when cardiotoxicity arises, the utilization of multidisciplinary cardio-oncology teams is indicated to manage the cardiac condition therapeutically, thereby avoiding the premature discontinuation of life-saving oncologic therapy. The ultimate goal remains maximizing the potent antitumor efficacy of these targeted therapies while rigorously protecting cardiovascular function.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between Regulated Cell Death Pathways and Core Cellular Processes: Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiotoxicity of Antitumor Drugs.","authors":"Xingwang Cao, Mi Deng, Hongchuan Hui, Yunting Hu, Bo Li, Li Dong","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01398-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01398-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>With improved cancer survival, cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity has emerged as a major non-cancer cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. The marked heterogeneity of CTR-CVT cannot be fully explained by single-pathway models, underscoring the need for a systems-level framework centered on regulated cell death networks. This review integrates recent advances to propose an RCD-cellular process interaction network in CTR-CVT, focusing on apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and selected emerging RCD modalities. We emphasize the mitochondrial dynamics-autophagic flux-metabolic reprogramming axis as a central regulatory module that shapes RCD activation, pathway crosstalk, and cell fate under anticancer drug stress. We also incorporate the reverse cardio-oncology concept to discuss potential bidirectional interactions between myocardial injury and tumor progression, and to identify therapeutic targets that enable cardioprotection while preserving antitumor efficacy. Building on this framework, we outline a translational strategy that integrates mechanism-based risk stratification, biomarker-guided early warning, and targeted cardioprotection, with reference to the 2022 ESC Cardio-Oncology Guidelines and representative clinical scenarios including breast cancer, hematological malignancies, and lung cancer. This mechanism-oriented approach may support biomarker discovery, mechanism-matched intervention, and the development of precision cardio-oncology. Future studies should prioritize mitochondrial quality control and metabolic plasticity as therapeutic entry points to reduce cardiovascular risk without compromising cancer treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer: Up-to-date Strategies of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Therapeutic Vaccines.","authors":"Salma Martínez-López, Cristina Blasco-Navarro, Sofía Blas-Gómez, Iván Bravo, María Del Mar Noblejas-López","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01399-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01399-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Although advances in early diagnosis and conventional therapies have significantly improved the prognosis in many cases, certain aggressive subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer continue to pose major clinical challenges due to the absence of specific therapeutic targets. Therefore, we believe that exploring novel strategies for the development and application of immunotherapy may change the paradigm for this type of tumor. Immunotherapy aims to activate the patient's own immune system to recognize and eliminate tumor cells more effectively and selectively, improving immunological memory. Based on a structured review of scientific literature and therapeutic clinical trials published in the main scientific databases, including studies of different clinical phases and stages of the disease, from early-stage to metastatic breast cancer, we conclude that immune checkpoint inhibitors, especially when combined with chemotherapy and administered to patients with positive biomarkers, such as PD-L1 expression, provide significant clinical benefits. In addition, therapeutic vaccines continue to be studied as a promising approach to preventing relapses in high-risk patients when combined with other immunotherapy agents. This represents a major advance in the treatment of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, positioning immunotherapy as one of the most promising treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Neoadjuvant Treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Juncong Fan, Yeqin Ni, Rong Ni, Gang Pan, You Peng, Li Zhou, Ruirui Jing, Ping Song, Dingcun Luo","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01400-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01400-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by rapid progression, restricted therapeutic options, and dismal prognosis. Conventional therapeutic modalities demonstrate limited efficacy, especially for unresectable or metastatic cases. Recent advancements in molecular profiling have revolutionized ATC management, facilitating the development of novel targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and multimodal regimens. Growing clinical evidence indicates these innovative approaches may enhance locoregional control, increase surgical candidacy in select patients, and extend overall survival. Incorporating molecular-guided therapies into multidisciplinary care is fundamentally transforming ATC management. Nevertheless, therapeutic resistance, intratumoral heterogeneity, and the paucity of large-scale prospective trials remain major obstacles. Future efforts should focus on optimizing combinatorial strategies and developing robust biomarker-driven algorithms to improve clinical outcomes in ATC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148297150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunological Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Immunotherapy of Unresectable and Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcomas.","authors":"Simo Zou, Ang Li, Shiqi Yang, Chaoying Jin, Ji Zhu, Jianguo Xu, Yuchong Wang, Chunyu Xue, Minliang Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01397-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01397-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>The field of immunotherapy for unresectable soft tissue sarcomas (STS) is transitioning from a one-size-fits-all approach toward a precision immuno-oncology paradigm. The pronounced immunological heterogeneity among histological subtypes and the limited predictive capacity of traditional classification underscore the imperative for immune-based stratification. Approximately 20% of STS exhibit an immune-activated tumor microenvironment, characterized by robust cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration, B-cell enrichment, and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS); these patients demonstrate significantly higher objective response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and may be prioritized for such therapy. TLS status could be incorporated into routine clinical decision-making as a robust immunological biomarker for treatment selection. For the majority of patients with TLS-negative, immunologically \"cold\" tumors, however, single-agent ICIs are insufficient. Combination strategies designed to remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment represent a promising approach: enhancing tumor immunogenicity through epigenetic modulators, improving antigen presentation via CD47/SIRPα blockade, and exploring dual-checkpoint blockade to overcome T-cell exhaustion. For translocation-associated sarcomas, where neoantigen generation is inherently limited, adoptive cell therapies targeting specific antigens represent a particularly promising avenue. Biomarker-driven basket or umbrella trial designs are paramount to efficiently identifying optimal combination regimens and improving overall survival outcomes for patients with unresectable disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148229054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncofertility in the Age of HER2 Blockade, Immunotherapy, PARP inhibitors, CDK4/6 inhibitors and Endocrine Treatment: Unanswered Questions in Breast Cancer.","authors":"Karolina Weiner-Gorzel, Lynda McSorley, Janice M Walshe","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01396-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01396-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>As survival among reproductive-age patients with breast cancer continues to improve with modern therapies, concerns regarding fertility preservation, gonadotoxicity, and pregnancy safety have become increasingly prominent. Fertility considerations are well-recognized contributors to treatment refusal and premature discontinuation, therefore, oncofertility counselling should be initiated at diagnosis and integrated into therapeutic planning. Prompt referral for fertility preservation is essential for patients who may wish to conceive, without compromising oncologic outcomes. Systemic therapy selection should remain driven by tumour biology and recurrence risk; however, when clinically equivalent regimens are available, those with lower gonadotoxic potential are preferred. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is the main determinant of permanent ovarian insufficiency, and temporary ovarian suppression during chemotherapy should be routinely considered in appropriate candidates. Endocrine therapy is not associated with irreversible ovarian damage, but its long duration necessitates individualized planning for pregnancy, including supervised treatment interruption in selected low-risk patients. HER2-monoclonal antibodies should be delivered according to standard indications, as it does not appear to confer substantial additional ovarian toxicity beyond chemotherapy; however, pregnancy must be avoided during treatment. For antibody-drug conjugates, PARP inhibitors, and CDK 4 and 6 inhibitors, the absence of prospective human fertility data supports a precautionary approach, including pre-treatment fertility preservation, effective contraception during therapy, and adherence to recommended washout periods. Given the substantial gaps in clinical evidence, transparent communication of uncertainty is essential. The integration of standardized reproductive endpoints into clinical trials, alongside the development of predictive tools is critical to support evidence-based counselling and optimize long-term survivorship outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13221424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148058046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}