Current Treatment Options in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Addressing Unmet Needs in the Management of Small Cell Lung Cancer: Treatment of Brain Metastases, Quality of Life, and the Role of Real-World Evidence.","authors":"Yunfei Dai, Jing Fei","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01392-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-026-01392-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine tumor. Although patient survival has been significantly improved by immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy, three major unmet needs remain in SCLC management. First, while prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) can reduce the risk of brain metastases, its neurotoxicity limits its use, particularly in elderly patients or those with neurological deficits. Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) remains the primary approach for brain metastases, and hippocampal-avoidance WBRT (HA-WBRT) combined with neuroprotective agents can significantly reduce cognitive risks. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has shown survival benefits and less cognitive damage for patients with up to 10 brain metastatic lesions. Emerging therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates targeting B7-H3/DLL3 (I-Dxd, ZL-1310) and bispecific antibody tarlatamab, have demonstrated intracranial response rates of 62.5%-71%. Regardless of whether the brain metastases had previously undergone radiation therapy, the novel drugs showed consistent activity, indicating promising improvements in the prognosis of brain metastases. Second, the rapid progression and severe treatment-related toxicity of SCLC greatly affect patients' physical and mental well-being. Therefore, quality of life (QoL) should be prioritised. Strategies to improve QoL include early palliative care, proactive symptom management, application of HA-WBRT or SRS to preserve neurocognitive function, and novel agents such as tarlatamab to alleviate symptoms including cough and dyspnoea. Third, real-world evidence (RWE), which complements clinical trial data by reflecting treatment efficacy and safety in routine clinical practice, is gaining increasing recognition but faces challenges due to data heterogeneity, bias, and lack of methodological standardization. Future directions involve developing new drugs with high blood-brain barrier penetration, such as radioligand therapy, conducting prospective studies to optimize HA and SRS applications, establishing high-quality RWE databases to support personalized treatments, exploring molecular subtypes (SCLC-A/N/P/I) and leveraging AI technologies to advance precision radiotherapy. SCLC management needs to be patient-centered, integrating precise treatment of brain metastases, QoL improvement, and the application of RWE to achieve a balance between survival benefits and QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging Strategies and Research Advances in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.","authors":"Dongxiao Yang, Guanghui Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01389-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-026-01389-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Pharmacologic- and Non-pharmacologic Interventions for Cancer Pain: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Shulin Wang, Jingyu Yao, Qiuli Wang, Wei Yang, Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01393-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-026-01393-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Cardio-Oncology Landscape Across Australia.","authors":"Daniel H Chen, Lloyd Butel-Simoes, Mitchum Bower, Mark T Nolan, Sanjeev S Kumar, Trent D Williams, Bogda Koczwara, Philippa Ell, Joshua D Bennetts, Gayathri R Nair, John Lee, Satish Ramkumar, Doan T M Ngo, Aaron L Sverdlov","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01390-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01390-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Cardio-oncology is a rapidly evolving subspecialty at the intersection of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), two of Australia's leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Advances in cancer detection and therapy have markedly improved survival, resulting in a growing cohort of more than 1.2 million Australian cancer survivors. However, these patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular toxicity from cancer therapies, with CVD now surpassing recurrent malignancy as a leading cause of late mortality. In response, several quaternary and tertiary Australian public hospitals have established cardio-oncology services through grassroots initiatives, this has evolved into structured clinics embedded within tertiary hospitals. Despite increasing recognition and demand, access remains uneven, with services concentrated in metropolitan centres and limited provision for rural, remote, and Indigenous populations. National professional societies, including the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ) and the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA), have recently established collaborative working groups to advance education, guidelines, and advocacy. Australia has also made significant research contributions through registries such as the Australian Cardio-Oncology Registry (ACOR) and clinical trials including SUCCOUR, BREXIT, and SMART-BREAST. Looking forward, key priorities for the Australian cardio-oncology community have surfaced including scaling workforce capacity, integrating structured education and training, expanding outreach and telehealth models, and addressing health inequities in underserved populations. These priorities along with upcoming initiatives such as the ACORES symposium will play an essential role in developing this sub speciality field. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current cardio-oncology landscape across Australia, outlining its development, achievements, challenges, and future directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond CDK4/6 Inhibition: Current Strategies in Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.","authors":"Bulent Cetin, Dilek Erdem, Irem Karaman, Ozge Gumusay","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01391-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01391-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on Photodynamic Therapy Combined with T-Cell Immunotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Directions.","authors":"Wei Wang, Ping Liu, Haonan Lin","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01388-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-026-01388-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Mucosal Melanoma Therapies: Current Status and Future Directions.","authors":"Yiqun Zhang, Dawei Zhao, Di Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11864-025-01372-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-025-01372-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Opinion statement: </strong>Mucosal melanoma (MM) represents a rare malignancy in Caucasian populations but constitutes one of the predominant melanoma subtypes among non-Caucasian ethnic groups. Due to its anatomic occult nature, a significant proportion of patients with MM present with advanced-stage disease at diagnosis. Characterized by distinct genomic profiles and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, MM exhibits suboptimal responses to current targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Combination immunotherapy can overcome immune evasion by enhancing the infiltration of tumor-specific antigen-reactive T lymphocytes, thereby exhibiting potentiated anti-tumor activity. However, the rarity of MM has posed significant barriers to better understanding immunotherapy resistance mechanisms and investigating novel therapies. Consequently, there is a critical unmet need for establishing standardized treatment guidelines to improve survival outcomes in advanced MM. This article comprehensively reviews current status in the treatment of advanced MM. It also discusses potential future directions for treatment based on recent advances from clinical trials and basic research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13056740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theranostics in Sarcoma: A Critical Review of Current Evidence and Future Potential.","authors":"Ojasvi Appana, David Konieczkowski, Gabriel Tinoco","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01386-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01386-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13021735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole Lung Irradiation in Ewing Sarcoma with Pulmonary Metastases: Critical Appraisal of Evolution, Evidence, and Future Pathways in Precision Oncology.","authors":"YuanYou Yang, Lu Xie, Jie Xu, Xin Sun, Gang Ren","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01387-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11864-026-01387-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13018070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming a Roadblock into a Roadmap: Evolving HFSR Management From Adverse Event to Efficacy Biomarker.","authors":"Qian Xu, Jinhan Chen, Huiwen Sun, Xingyu Liu, Fangmin Zhao, Qijin Shu","doi":"10.1007/s11864-026-01385-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-026-01385-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50600,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}