Journal of Scientific Research and Reports最新文献

{"title":"Determining the Effect of Chemical Mutagens on Vegetative Growth of Calendula officinalis L. (cv. Calypso Orange)","authors":"Navdeep Kaur, Jujhar Singh","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82282","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was carried out at the laboratory of floriculture and experimental farm of Mata Gujri college, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1 i.e., Sodium azide @1500ppm, T2 i.e., Sodium azide @2500ppm, T3 i.e., Sodium azide @3500ppm, T4 i.e., Sodium azide @4500ppm, T5 i.e., Diethyl sulphate @1500ppm, T6 i.e., Diethyl sulphate @2500ppm, T7 i.e., Diethyl sulphate @3500ppm, T8 i.e., Diethyl sulphate @4500ppm and T9 i.e., control. Observations were recorded for vegetative among all treatments maximum plant height (24.84cm), number of leaves per stem (8.95), number of stems per plant (7.48), stem length (22.85cm), leaf length (9.48cm), plant spread (24.89cm2) and diameter of main stem (9.39mm) were found maximum in T1 i.e., Sodium azide @1500ppm. Best vegetative parameters were recorded in Sodium azide @1500ppm Therefore, Sodium azide @1500ppm is best dosage for Calendula officinalis cv. Calypso orange. From the present study it can be concluded that the lowest concentration of Sodium Azide (1500ppm) reported the best performance of vegetative parameters such as plant height, number of leaves per stem, number of stems per plant, stem length, leaf length, plant spread, and diameter of main stem. From the results, it can be concluded that Sodium Azide @1500ppm is best dosage for Calendula officinalis cv. Calypso orange.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"44 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Mating Systems on Trait Associations in Segregating Populations of Maize (Zea mays L.) Double Cross","authors":"P. B. Priya, T. Pradeep, K. Sumalini, D. Vishnuvardhan Reddy","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82277","url":null,"abstract":"In the present challenging scenario of climate change, it is essential to breed maize cultivars that withstand stress especially abiotic stresses in a broader sense. Diversification of existing germplasm is invariable to harness the actual potential of maize hybrids which are bred for specific agroecosystems. Double crosses interact less with environment compared to single crosses and their broad parentage enables better performance under varied situations of cultivation. In the present study, impact of mating systems ie., self pollination, sib mating and open pollination was studied in a high yielding double cross of maize so as to identify robust and diverse recombinants. The double cross, (BML-32 x BML-6) x (BML-10 x BML-7) was imposed with the three types of mating systems for three consecutive seasons and the resultant S3 (F4) populations were evaluated for trait interrelationssips. It was observed that sib mating established stronger and highest number of positive correlations with seven and twelve additional positive correlations than self and open pollinations respectively among the yield and its attributing traits in its progenies. Therefore deploying sib mating cycles during line development may result in more effective selection processes. Results of path analysis, however, did not significantly vary with the mating type though sib mating showed lowest residual effect.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variability and Character Association Studies on Yield Attributing and Grain Quality Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Greeshma Vallala, J. Kumar, Y. C. Mohan, Santosha Rathod","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82278","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The present investigation was undertaken with 49 genotypes to study variability and genetic parameters in addition to character association and path effects of yield, yield attributing and quality traits. \u0000Design: Simple lattice design with two replications. \u0000Place of study: Forty-nine genotypes were sown at IIRR Farm at ICRISAT, Hyderabad during Kharif season 2023. \u0000Methodology: The data was collected for all the genotypes and evaluated for variability, correlation and path coefficient studies. \u0000Results: High range of variation and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent mean was recorded for days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, productive tillers plant-1, test weight, LB ratio, water uptake, kernel length after cooking, zinc content and iron content. Correlation revealed that the grain yield was positively correlated with days to 50% flowering, productive tillers plant-1, LB ratio and iron content, meanwhile plant height, test weight, head rice recovery, kernel length, kernel breadth, water uptake, volume expansion ratio, amylose content, kernel length after cooking, elongation ratio and zinc content were found to be negatively correlated. Path analysis identified that iron content exerted the highest direct positive effect on grain yield plant-1 followed by kernel length and productive tillers plant-1, indicating that selection for these characters is likely to bring about on overall improvement in grain yield directly. \u0000Conclusion: The study found adequate genetic variability, with high heritability and additive gene action in certain traits. The prime selection indices include days to 50% flowering, productive tillers plant-1, LB ratio, kernel length, and iron content. These parameters should be given priority in rice breeding programs for high grain yield and quality traits.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Siderophore Production in Bacillus subtilis to Enhance Seed Germination and Biocontrol Efficacy against Alternaria triticina and Bipolaris sorokiniana","authors":"Neha Saini, Vindhya Bundela, Shivani Singh, M. Sahgal, Ajay Veer Singh","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82251","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bacillus subtilis (UP11) is a gram-positive, plant growth-promoting rhizosphere bacterium (PGPR) isolated from the wheat rhizosphere. This bacterium produces siderophore, are low-molecular-weight, high-affinity molecules produced under iron-limiting conditions. This study aimed to optimize culture conditions for siderophore production and investigate the antagonistic activity against foliar blight pathogens. \u0000Work: The present study optimized the culture conditions for maximum siderophore production by evaluating various factors. The optimum pH for siderophore production was pH 7, yielding a maximum siderophore unit of 62.95%. Mannitol was identified as the best carbon source (59.14%), and ammonium nitrate as the best nitrogen source (63.04%). The presence of heavy metal Pb(NO₃)₂ in the succinate broth led to the highest yield (61.36%). The optimal iron concentration for siderophore production was determined to be 50 μM. The one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach was used to investigate these parameters and their effects. \u0000Result: The optimized siderophore was partially purified using ethyl acetate extraction. This extract exhibited significant mycelial fungal inhibition, with 59.64% and 50.88% inhibition against Alternaria triticina and Bipolaris sorokiniana, respectively. The filtrate was also tested for its germination potential, demonstrating its dual role as a biocontrol and plant growth-promoter. The filtrate enhanced the percentage of germination, root and shoot length. \u0000Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Bacillus subtilis (UP11) can produce substantial quantities of siderophores, which exhibit potent antagonistic activity against foliar blight pathogens and promote plant growth. This study holds promise for advancing the development of novel biological control agents, offering the dual benefits of disease control and plant growth promotion. \u0000 \u0000Siderophore producing bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) shows both antifungal and plant growth promoting activity.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"78 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Active - Passive Combination of Tillage Implement Suitable for Mini Tractor","authors":"T. M. Babu, A. Ashok Kumar, K. R. Reddy, H. V. H. Kumar","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82249","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental tillage tool, which integrates active - passive implements (cultivator tines in the front and a rotavator in the rear), was evaluated in the field. The forward-rotating active elements produced a negative draft, significantly reducing the overall draft requirements of the tool. When compared to a tool with four passive elements, a combination machine equipped with two active and two passive elements experienced an 87 per cent less draft and draft power, despite having similar total power. According to estimates of power transmission efficiency, a combination machine would use 34 per cent less energy than a similar passive tillage tool. The tillage performance parameters, including draft force, fuel consumption, wheel slip, and power requirement, were measured using a digital dynamometer at different operating depths. The drawbar power needed for the combination tillage implement was determined. During field test, the draft force of the rotavator with tines was observed to be 0.46 kw, 1.7 kw, and 3.5 kw at forward speeds of 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 km h-1, respectively.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logistics Challenges in Distributing Crop Protection Chemicals (CPCs)","authors":"Truptimayee Sahoo, P. Radhika, Ch. Srilatha, K. Supriya","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82250","url":null,"abstract":"The secondary distribution network refers to the comprehensive set of activities involved in the management and execution of the post-production supply chain, encompassing storage, transportation and distribution. Secondary distribution involves the coordination of various elements, such as inventory management, order fulfillment and transportation, to ensure timely and cost-effective delivery of goods to end-users. Efficient distribution network ensures timely availability of these products, enabling farmers to address pest infestations promptly and prevent significant crop losses. This manuscript on examining the issues faced by supply chain partners in the secondary distribution network for Crop Protection Chemicals (CPCs) is highly significant for the scientific community. It sheds light on crucial aspects of logistics management, secondary distribution networks and supply chain challenges in the agricultural sector. The use of the Garett Ranking Technique for analysis adds a methodological strength to the study. Overall, this manuscript provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals in the field of agrochemicals and agricultural supply chains. Based on the results, the issues faced by supply chain partners are identified and ranked on the basis of Garett Ranking Technique. Implementing barcode scanners, negotiating transportation rates and automating customer notifications can significantly reduce operational costs and improve accuracy.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"65 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Input Management Practices for Sustainable Maize Production","authors":"P. K. Patel, S. R. Choudhury, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta, Anupam Das, S. K. Pathak, Devashish Kumar, C. Panda","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82252","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different input management practices on the growth, biomass production and yield of maize. The study was carried out during the rabi seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Seven nutrient management practices were tested in combination with pest management practices. The treatments included a 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) through inorganic sources, 50% RDF through inorganic and 50% through organic sources, SPAD-based nitrogen management, and the addition of insecticide application. The results showed that the treatment with SPAD-based nitrogen management and insecticide application (N6) resulted in the highest plant height (200.3 cm at 120 DAS), leaf area index (4.5 at 90 DAS), biomass production (19,156 kg ha-1 at harvest) and crop growth rate (24.2 g m-2 day-1 at 90-120 DAS). This treatment also recorded the maximum total biomass (19,538.33 kg ha-1), stover yield (7,103.33 kg ha-1), grain yield (9,896.67 kg ha-1), and harvest index (49.65%), which were significantly superior to the farmer's practice (N7). In conclusion, the nutrient management practice with SPAD-based nitrogen management and insecticide application can be an effective tool for maximizing the productivity of the maize crop.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best Management Practices Followed by Agri-Incubatees of ANGRAU Agribusiness Incubator in Tirupati, India","authors":"P. H. Reddy, A. Lalitha, P. B. H. Reddy, K. Purnima, Dumpapenchala Vijayreddy","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82248","url":null,"abstract":"The ANGRAU Agribusiness Incubator was purposively selected for the study conducted in the year 2023 because it has a specific focus on nurturing agri-startups that are working towards improving the farming communities in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Ten successful incubatees trained at the ANGRAU agribusiness incubator were purposively selected for the study, based on category, product, service, R&D and achievements. The findings demonstrated that best management practices such as practices such as offering innovative products/services, leveraging technology and automation, staying adaptable to changing market trends, prioritizing customer satisfaction, maintaining transparency and ethical practices and implementing effective waste management and recycling received the highest mean score of 3, ranking I. Following closely with a mean score of 2.9 and ranking II were strategies including vision and mission prepared, actively managing risks and developing contingency plans, consistently evaluate and improve product quality and ensuring compliance with government laws and regulations. Practices like monitoring and evaluating financial performance, integrating sustainable practices in the supply chain, conducting feasibility surveys/market research, setting clear and measurable goals, giving employment to at least three persons, actively building a network of stakeholders and forming strategic partnerships, implementing effective marketing strategies, focusing on brand identity and positive image and regularly optimizing operational costs scored between 2.8 to 2.4, placing them in ranks between Ⅲ & Ⅶ. However, practices concerning leveraging digital marketing strategies, having a detailed project report and income flow statement, developing a comprehensive business plan, seeking partnerships and collaborations for innovation, establishing relationships with financial institutions for funding and creating assets for the agribusiness with profits ranked lower, indicating disagreement among agri-incubatees, with scores 2.3 to 1.9 placing them in ranks between Ⅷ  and Ⅸ. Perception of the incubatees towards best management practices inferred that nearly one-third (30.00%) of the agri-incubatees rated their best management practices as low, while half of the incubatees (50.00%) considered them moderate, and only one-fifth (20.00 %) of the agri-incubatees rated their practices as high.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of National Land Policy and Industrial Development in Tanzania: Highlights from Mbeya Region","authors":"Visent Kipene, Emmanuel Tonya","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82246","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial development is crucial for the progress and economic strength of any nation, as it can absorb a large workforce and bolster the economy. Efficient land use planning is essential for industrial development. This study assessed the implementation of Tanzania's national land policy in terms of land allocation for industrial purposes, access to land for industrial investment, and the procedures for registering land for industrial use. Guided by Von Thunen's land use model, the study involved 120 randomly selected small industry owners from six districts in the Mbeya region. Using a quantitative approach and descriptive statistical analysis, the findings revealed that the current land management policy fails to meet investors' needs for easy land access for industrial development. The study highlighted the challenges faced in developing local by-laws for land management, with no effective land planning at the local government level. Additionally, the registration process for industrial land was found to be problematic. The study recommends reforms to the land policy to facilitate easier access and ownership of land by investors and streamline the land registration process.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"56 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization for Qualitative Traits in Segregating Population of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)","authors":"A. K. Jha, A. Ranjan, A.K. Choudhary, A. Bhardwaj, R. Verma, Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82244","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation revealed the wide variation for qualitative characters viz, stem colour, leaf colour, flower colour and pod colour among the eight F3 populations of faba bean. Wide range of variability was observed for morphological characters like flower colour (white) under the crosses Bak-1 × Bak-11 and Bak-12 × Bak-5 (96.25%), Bak-1 × Bak-20 (92.50%), Bak-1 × Bak-5 (91.25%),  Bak-2 × Bak-5, Bak-2 × Bak-20  and Bak-16 × Bak-20 (90%). Pod colour (light green) was observed in crosses Bak-1 × Bak-20 and Bak-2 × Bak-11 (97.50%) whereas pod colour (green) in Bak-16 × Bak-20 (86.25%). Leaf colour (light green) in the crosses Bak-2 × Bak-20 (92.50%) followed by Bak-2 × Bak-5, Bak-2 × Bak-11 (87.50 %) and stem colour (light green) was observed maximum in Bak-1 × Bak-20 and Bak-2 × Bak-11 (95 %) followed by Bak-2 × Bak-20 (93.75%) whereas only seven crosses had diverse flower colour viz. violet (1.25%) in Bak-1 × Bak-5 and Bak-2 × Bak-20, dark brown (2.50%) in Bak-1 × Bak-11, Bak-2 × Bak-20, Bak-12 × Bak-5 and  Bak-16 × Bak-20 and in cross Bak-1 × Bak-5 (1.25%), light brown (2.50%) in Bak-1 × Bak-5,  Bak-2 × Bak-5 and Bak-12 × Bak-5 and (1.25%) was observed in Bak-1 × Bak-11 and Bak-2 × Bak-1, pink (1.25%) in Bak-2 × Bak-11 and Bak-16 × Bak-20 and mixed (white petals with black, brown and purple wing melanin spot) (1.25%) in crosses Bak-2 × Bak-5 and Bak-2 × Bak-11. It was observed that only three crosses had diverse pod colour viz. green in cross combination Bak-1 × Bak-20 (2.50%) and Bak-2 × Bak-11 (1.25%) and dark green in cross combinations Bak-12 × Bak-5 (2.50%) and Bak-2 × Bak-11 (1.25%). However, previous work on the characterization of faba bean for qualitative traits has been limited. Thus, the present study suggested that these traits maybe useful for further plant breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"15 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}