Journal of Scientific Research and Reports最新文献

{"title":"Climate Change and Food Systems: Exploring the Nexus of Diet Quality, Nutrition and Health: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"N. Sudharani, Monika Vishnoi, Renuka Renuka, Dhamni Patyal, Anjali Krishna US, S Bharathi, Aman Tutlani","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i83438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i83438","url":null,"abstract":"The profound interplay between climate change, food systems, diet quality and human health outcomes is a critical concern of our time. This narrative review delves into the multifaceted repercussions of climate change on global food systems, and their cascading effects on food security, dietary diversity and nutritional well-being. Climate change exerts its influence on food systems across various dimensions, encompassing alterations in soil fertility, crop yields, nutrient profiles of foods, pest resilience, and the risk of malnutrition. The imperative of fostering sustainable and resilient food systems, in conjunction with climate-smart agricultural practices, is emphasized as the pathway to ensure diets that are both ecologically sound and nutritionally robust. As we explore this intricate interplay, it becomes evident that robust tools and indicators are urgently needed to assess the reciprocal interaction between food systems and climate change, exacerbated by pandemics, and to elucidate their impact on human health. Unsustainable food systems characterized by mass monoculture farming, excessive fertilizer use, intensive livestock production, and deforestation contribute to elevated greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. This review contemplates the prospects of mitigating environmental footprints associated with food systems by embracing more sustainable dietary patterns that concurrently fulfil nutritional requirements and safeguard the environment. Strategies such as dietary diversification, fortification, biofortification, and the integration of alternative protein sources are explored as alternative options. Cross-cutting issues like gender, urbanization and food wastage, as well as potential health consequences of interventions targeting micronutrient deficiencies, warrant thorough assessment. In essence, this review underscores the urgency of developing robust tools and indicators to comprehensively evaluate the complex interactions between climate change, food systems, and their impact on diet and nutrition outcomes.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"31 8","pages":"939-953"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://journaljsrr.com/index.php/JSRR/article/download/3438/7997","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Livestock Rearing in Supporting the Livelihoods in Challenging Mountainous Terrain of Kargil Region, Ladakh","authors":"Manish Meshram, Haris M. Khan, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah, Rameshwar Patile, Qazi Shehriyar Sahib, Garima Singh","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i73298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i73298","url":null,"abstract":"The survey was conducted to study the socio-economic profile of Sheep rearers in 4 villages (Manzee, Karkichu, Gramthang, and Kannour) of kargil Sub-Division in Kargil district. A total of 80 respondents were interviewed through a pre-structured questionnaire. Results revealed that the majority of respondents had (68.75%) Elementary type families. About (68.75%) families were small sized (Less than 6 members). About (32.50%) respondents were having family business/daily labour as primary occupation, whereas (30.00%) respondents were having agriculture as secondary occupation. The land holdings of respondents were marginal type (4.6±0.12kanals/0.57 acre). Monthly income of 61.25% of respondents was in the range of Rs.11,000-20,000 with an average of Rs.14852±369.85. About 50.00% of sheep rearers were having age in the range of 21-40 years, with illiteracy rate of 28.75%. About (28.75%) of respondents had 5-10 years of Sheep rearing experiences. A very good number of (91.25%) of women were involved in different sheep rearing activities. The respondents have had an average flock strength of sheep (11.10±0.10). The Other animals reared by respondents along with sheep were Goats with a range of 1-5 goats (3.12 ± 0.27 numbers) in (66.25%) cases. Number of Cattle per household were (2.03±0.27) with 0-2 cattle in (81.25%) cases. Thus, it can be concluded that government policies need to be reoriented with focus on commercial livestock farming for employment, nutritional and livelihood security of the residents of the Kargil region.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"31 7","pages":"785-796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Replacement of Fish Meal with Whey Protein on Growth, Survival and Some Biochemical Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fingerlings","authors":"Fallah Fida Wani, Oyas Ahmed Asimi, Irfan Khan, Raja Mehran, Arsh Bazaz","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i63116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i63116","url":null,"abstract":"Whey protein is regarded as a valuable low-cost protein source which may be added in the diet of fish to improve growth and survival. In the present study to check its efficacy a sixty (60) day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate effect of dietary replacement of fish meal with whey protein on growth, survival and some biochemical parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings. After an acclimatization period of ten (10) days, a total of one hundred and fifty fingerlings (150) of average weight 20.0 ±1.0 gm were distributed in fifteen aquariums of 90 litre capacity by following a completely randomized design. Proper aeration was provided to each tank. Five iso-nitrogenous (45% crude protein) diets were prepared to replace 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of fish meal with whey protein (WP) and in accordance the treatment groups were designated as Control (T0), T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Feeding was done twice a day @5% of body weight. Water quality parameters were maintained at optimum level. Sampling was done initially and after every 15 days. The results indicated that the growth performance in terms of total weight gain (WG), feed conversion efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) depicted significant difference (p< 0.05) between T0 and experimental group T3. Overall there was a significant difference (p< 0.05) between T0 and other experimental groups. The present study suggested that whey protein could be used to replace 30% of fish meal in the diets of O. mykiss without any adverse effects on growth performance, survival, feed utilization biochemical parameters and whole-body composition.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"31 6","pages":"131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Black Gold: How Biochar Can Save Our Soils and Climate","authors":"P Ashoka, Subedar Singh, P. A. Ramsem, Lalita Kumar Mohanty, Hari Singh, S. S. Babu, Narinder Panotra, Kamal Kishore, Sweeta Manhas, Sahil Chauhan","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i53073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i53073","url":null,"abstract":"Biochar, a charcoal-like substance produced from organic waste, has emerged as a promising solution to restore degraded soils, enhance agricultural productivity, and mitigate climate change. This review explores the potential of biochar as a sustainable soil amendment and carbon sequestration strategy. By examining the production process, physicochemical properties, and interactions with soil and plants, we highlight the multifaceted benefits of biochar application. Moreover, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of biochar utilization in agriculture and environmental management. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of biochar's role in improving soil health, crop yields, and carbon storage, ultimately contributing to global food security and climate change mitigation efforts.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"31 5","pages":"784-798"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147917359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Agriculture: Balancing Productivity and Environmental Stewardship for Future Generations","authors":"Niru Kumari, Amit Kumar Pandey, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Ashutosh Singh","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82284","url":null,"abstract":"All global development is based on the agricultural practice. If not managed responsibly, increasing its productivity and production might have an impact on the land's capacity in the future. Preserving potential land use might be achieved through sustainable agriculture. Enhancing and balancing productivity with environmental sustainability may be accomplished by concentrating on locally accessible organic resources, INM, IFS, etc. and proper management of soil health. Due to their high input usage efficiencies, decreased use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and enhanced soil resilience and quality in a changing climate, they might increase agricultural output and ecosystem sustainability. This review briefly overviews sustainable agriculture, its components, and the potential to achieving overall sustainability by integrating innovative agronomic approaches and practices to meet the increasing demands for food while preserving the environment.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformative Gene Editing Methods: Precision in Genetically Modified Crops through Trait Modification","authors":"Gangadhara Doggalli, Kavya, Oinam Bobochand Singh, Manojkumar H G, Mitali Srivastava, Chaya G B, Abhishek V Karadagi, Vinodh Kumar P N","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82283","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate change and adverse abiotic and biotic factors are significantly limiting agricultural productivity, presenting substantial challenges for crop scientists striving to meet the growing global food demand. The primary aim of plant biology research is to enhance food security by increasing crop yields, improving resistance to stresses, and boosting nutrient content. While traditional breeding has successfully produced high-yielding crop varieties, persistent challenges remain. Advanced biotechnological methods, including overexpression, RNA interference, and genome editing, offer promising solutions to these challenges. Innovations like next-generation sequencing, high-throughput genotyping, precision editing, and space technology have accelerated crop improvement programs. Site-specific nucleases such as TALENs and CRISPR/Cas systems have revolutionized biological research by enabling precise genome modifications essential for agriculture. These technologies facilitate targeted genome modifications, allowing for the development of traits crucial for food security and expediting trait development in key crops. The integration of cutting-edge tools and technologies has significantly advanced these strategies, driving the enhancement of crop species. CRISPR/Cas genome-wide screens open new opportunities for discovering and expanding traits vital for food security. This discussion explores the development and application of various site-specific nuclease systems in plant genome engineering, highlighting their potential to precisely enhance traits, thereby increasing crop productivity and resilience against climate change. Cutting-edge genome-editing technologies, particularly CRISPR/Cas systems, are poised to transform the agricultural landscape and play a pivotal role in ensuring future food security. These technologies offer a vision of a future where agriculture can adapt to changing environmental conditions and meet the growing global demand for food. Advances in genetic engineering, gene editing, and synthetic biology drive crop trait modifications, aiming to enhance productivity, improve nutritional quality, and provide resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. These innovations are essential for securing a sustainable agricultural future and ensuring the global population has access to sufficient, nutritious food.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"2 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Study the Status of Alternaria Leaf Blotch on Apple under Kashmir Conditions","authors":"Javeid Ahmad Dar, G.H. Mir, Z.A Bhat, M. A. Bhat, S. A. Padder, Jamal Ahmad","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82285","url":null,"abstract":"Alternarialeaf blotch (Alternaria maliRoberts) of apple is one of the major fungal diseases in all the apple growing regions of the world. Although the disease was previously of minor economic importance in Kashmir valley, it has now attained the status of one of the major diseases of apple.The frequent epidemics of Alternaria leaf blotch have been witnessed in Kashmir, inflicting heavy losses. As most of the commercial apple cultivars are susceptible to this disease, orchardists mainly rely on frequent fungicide applications for its management. Four districts of the valley viz., Pulwama, Kulgam, Shopian and Srinagar were surveyed to record the status of Alternaria leaf blotch disease of apple. The disease was prevalent in all the districts surveyed with an overall disease incidence and intensity of 55.59 and 33.16, respectively. The highest disease incidence and intensity were recorded in district Kulgam and least in district Shopian. What is the significance of your research (our significance is to record the disease incidence and intensity of major apple growing belts of jammu and Kashmir because maximum apple growers are unnable to manage the disease from last six years moreover in this study we observed were growers are lacking to controll disease ? Did you try to suggest a means of solving this problem (yes sir in this study we observed that why most of the apple growers are unable to manage this major foliar disease? What is the contribution of your research to knowledge in Science? (our contribution of research in science is to provide the management capsule for controlling Alternaria leaf blotch of apple.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising Round-shaped Variety Anand Raj Exhibiting Glossy Skin Characteristics in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"M. M. Pandya, R. R. Acharya, N. A. Patel, K. B. Kathiria, A. Bhanvadia, D. D. Gohil, J. N. Patel, V. Joshi","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82279","url":null,"abstract":"In brinjal, consumer preference hinges on multifaceted criteria encompassing nutritional content, visual appeal, and culinary attributes, while farmers prioritize factors such as yield potential and market suitability. In response to this dual demand spectrum, the cultivar \"Anand Raj\" was meticulously developed, and tailored to excel in the unique agro-climatic conditions prevalent in middle Gujarat. Anand Raj, emerged from the controlled cross breeding program involving AB 07-2 x GOB 1 utilizing the pedigree method of plant breeding at the Main Vegetable Research Station of Anand Agricultural University, Anand, spanning the years 2017 to 2021. Anand Raj showcased a mean fruit yield of 425.77 q/ha, exhibiting 25.47, 20.90, 24.33, 25.69 and 32.00% higher fruit yield in whole Gujarat while evaluating under PET, SSVT and LSVT. Based on mean fruit yield data, Anand raj (513.18q/ha) exhibited 26.88, 31.65, 47.55, 35.76 and 32.00 higher fruit yield at Anand during the kharif season compared to the controls GAOB 2, GNRB 1, GRB 5, Swarna Mani Black and GOB 1, respectively. Fruits of this variety have Strong Fruit: Glossiness at harvest maturity and shows lower susceptibility to diseases and pests. This variety presents a promising option for middle Gujarat, offering improved yields and market preference.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"14 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Evaluation of Functional and Financial Performance: A Study on Selected Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Sasikanth R, Ravichandran S","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82280","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study conducts a meticulous evaluation of the functional and financial performances of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in Tamil Nadu, unveiling insights into their functional dynamics and assessing their economic sustainability \u0000Research Gap: In the limited literature on FPOs, the focus predominantly revolves around income and turnover metrics. This highlights a notable absence of comprehensive evaluation methods, emphasizing the need for thorough assessments of FPO performance. Additionally, there is a scarcity of studies specifically addressing the financial performance of selected FPOs in distinct regions. \u0000Study Location: The study is geographically focused on Tamil Nadu, with a specific emphasis on Farmer Producer Organizations specializing in millet and oilseed. \u0000Sample Size: The study encompasses thirty FPOs, with 15 focusing on millet and another 15 specializing in oilseed. \u0000Data Collection: A meticulous process, including stakeholder discussions and quantitative analyses, was employed to create a performance rating tool for FPOs. Adapted from GIZ India's 2020 tool for functional measures, this approach ensures standardized scoring. \u0000Data Analysis: Ratio analysis was employed to analyze the financial performance of the selected FPOs. \u0000Conclusion: FPOs in millet and oilseed clusters received positive scores due to strong governance, compliance, member engagement and efficient operations. Most millet-based FPOs have healthy short-term finances, but three face liquidity issues. Similarly, in the oilseed cluster, most FPOs fare well in the short term, except for one with liquidity concerns. To ensure sustainability, strategies should focus on financial ratio optimization, debt management and improving profit margins and Earnings per share.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"47 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) on Some Selected Agro-Based Waste Extracts Media under In vitro Conditions","authors":"Sruthi G, Prameela M, Vidya Sagar B, A. J.","doi":"10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i82281","url":null,"abstract":"Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes), known for growing on decaying deciduous trees, are particularly notable for their health benefits. In Telangana state, the climate and agricultural waste provide optimal conditions for mushroom cultivation, which can boost the local economy and nutrition. The present investigation was taken up in Completely randomized block design (CRBD) with 3 replications to evaluate the performance of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) on seventeen different agro-based waste extract media and maintained at two different temperatures viz., 20°C and 24°C under in vitro conditions. Results revealed that at 20°C, the maximum mycelium growth of L. edodes was recorded in treatment T 17 (PDA) (75.33 mm, 90.00 mm) on 7 DAI (Days After Inoculation) and 14 DAI respectively, while minimum mycelium growth was recorded in T 8 (Sawdust + Paddy Straw) (22.00 mm, 35.00 mm). Similarly at 24°C treatment T 17 (PDA) and T 12 (Eucalyptus Bark + Wheat Grains and Sorghum Grains) recorded the maximum mycelium growth (90.00 mm, 90.00 mm) and T 8 (Sawdust + Paddy Straw) recorded minimum mycelium growth (30.33 mm, 42.97 mm) on 7 DAI and 14 DAI respectively. The Principal Component Analysis of recorded values of the mycelial growth was shown in the form of eigen values, the highest eigen values were recorded for L. edodes mycelial growth on 7 DAI and 14 DAI at 24°C indicating the significant influence of temperature and media.","PeriodicalId":505977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Research and Reports","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}