Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans最新文献

{"title":"Radiation partitioning in a cloud-rich tropical mountain rain forest of the S-Ecuadorian Andes for use in plot-based land surface modelling","authors":"P. Grigusova ,&nbsp;O. Limberger ,&nbsp;C. Murkute ,&nbsp;F. Pucha ,&nbsp;V.H. González-Jaramillo ,&nbsp;A. Fries ,&nbsp;D. Windhorst ,&nbsp;L. Breuer ,&nbsp;M. Dantas de Paula ,&nbsp;T. Hickler ,&nbsp;K. Trachte ,&nbsp;J. Bendix","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the partitioning of downward shortwave radiation into direct and diffuse components is essential for modeling ecosystem energy fluxes. Accurate partitioning functions are critical for land surface models (LSMs) coupled with climate models, yet these functions often depend on regional cloud and aerosol conditions. While data for developing semi-empirical partitioning functions are abundant in mid-latitudes, their performance in tropical regions, particularly in the high Andes, remains poorly understood due to scarce ground-based measurements. This study analyzed a unique dataset of shortwave radiation components from a tropical mountain rainforest (MRF) in southern Ecuador, developing and testing a locally adapted partitioning function using Random Forest Regression. The model achieved high accuracy in predicting the percentage of diffuse radiation (%Dif; R²=0.95, RMSE = 5.33, MAE = 3.74) and absolute diffuse radiation (R²=0.99, RMSE = 5.30, MAE = 14). When applied to simulate upward shortwave radiation, the model outperformed commonly used partitioning functions achieving the lowest RMSE (8.62) and MAE (5.82) while matching the highest R² (0.97). These results underscore the importance of regionally adapted radiation partitioning functions for improving LSM performance, particularly in complex tropical environments. The adapted LSM will be further utilized for studies on heat fluxes and carbon sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101553"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interannual variations of mixed layer temperature and salinity in the South Indian Ocean salinity maxima region","authors":"Madhu Kaundal ,&nbsp;Mihir K. Dash ,&nbsp;Jithendra Raju Nadimpalli","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study explores mixed layer temperature (MLT) and salinity (MLS) variability in the salinity maxima region present in the South Indian Ocean (SIO) on interannual time scale using ECCOv4r4 and Argo observations. It is observed that MLT and MLS are in tandem with surface heat flux and evaporation changes during the austral summer and winter seasons. Although the monthly evolution of high salinity in the SIO shows that the high salinity core is primarily located near 30° S, with notable seasonal variability south of 30° S. The region exhibits high interannual variability in MLT compared to MLS. Covariance and budget analysis show that net heat flux is the primary and significant component that contributes to the mixed-layer heat budget. However, changes in MLS are mainly attributed to meridional advection and entrainment. Furthermore, MLT variability is separated into two phases (I) 1992<span><math><mo>−</mo></math></span>2006, where the temperature is mostly below climatological value and (II) after 2007, the temperature is seen increasing with a hiatus-like signature from 2010<span><math><mo>−</mo></math></span>2015. During phase I, the MLT tendency is driven by meridional advection followed by net heat flux. However, in phase II, net heat flux mainly drives the temperature tendency, and meridional advection plays a secondary role. Whereas, salinity tendency is mainly driven by meridional advection. Further, in 1992<span><math><mo>−</mo></math></span>2006 period, downward Ekman pumping results from the strengthening of wind stress curl, led to the deepening of the mixed layer, while after 2006 MLD shoals due to weakening of wind stress curl. Additionally, during the second phase, the reduced meridional velocities in the mixed layer contribute to warming and salinification in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite analysis of the rainfall distribution caused by strong and weak landfalling tropical cyclones over the China Mainland","authors":"YAN Ling ,&nbsp;ZHOU Yushu ,&nbsp;WANG Shengzhen ,&nbsp;WANG Mingming","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical cyclones (TCs) making landfall in China from 2008 to 2016 were grouped into three clusters based on landfall location and movement. The first two clusters made landfall in Southeast China (SEC), moving either northward or westward/northwestward, while the third cluster made landfall in Southern China (SC) and moved westward or northwestward. A statistical analysis examined differences in precipitation distribution and influencing factors. This analysis utilized data from the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) tropical cyclone database, ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis data, and CMORPH (Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique) precipitation data, derived from both station observations and satellite retrievals. The findings reveal significant differences between strong (more intense than a tropical storm) and weak (less intense than a tropical storm) TCs in different clusters. Strong TCs in first cluster (SEC-strong) cause heavy rainfall areas to shift farther north, particularly in Jiangsu Province, with extreme rainfall occurring in the inner rainbands in a relatively symmetrical pattern. Conversely, rainfall from SEC-weak TCs is markedly asymmetric, concentrated in the inner regions and predominantly to the south of the middle rainbands. For SC-weak TCs, intense precipitation is primarily located in the southwest quadrant. Meanwhile, SC-strong TCs display a broader area of heavy rainfall, with coverage extending further west compared to SC-weak. A dynamic composite analysis of the primary weather systems influencing rainfall distribution before and after landfall was performed for SEC-strong, SEC-weak, SC-strong, and SC-weak TCs. This analysis highlighted significant differences in the positioning of the South Asian High (SAH), the intensity of vertical wind shear (VWS), and the characteristics of moisture convergence zones. Specifically, SEC-strong TCs exhibit a more robust water vapor transport channel, with easterly winds delivering moisture to the northern side of the TC center, compared to SEC-weak. Differences are also evident in their vertical structures, including variations in warm-core intensity, radial vertical motion, the asymmetric distribution of convergence and divergence fields, and instability conditions. Similarly, SC-strong and SC-weak TCs differ in the positioning of the 500 hPa subtropical high and the distribution of integrated atmospheric precipitable water (PW).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of the vertically tilted structure of MJO during its eastward propagation","authors":"Feng Hu ,&nbsp;Chi Xu ,&nbsp;Qiao Liu ,&nbsp;Jianhui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The existence and evolution of MJO vertically tilted structure (VTS) across its eastward propagation have been validated through the diagnosis of observational data during 1979–2022 boreal winter. A total of 53 eastward-propagating MJO events, comprising 215 pentads, were selected based on cluster diagnosis. By comparing the range of ascending motion between the upper and lower layers in the rear of MJO convective centers, it has been demonstrated that the VTS exists only on the intraseasonal time scale and is not presented in the high-frequency or low-frequency fields. 70 % of MJO pentads are occupied with VTS. The proportion and intensity of VTS vary as the MJO propagates eastward from 60°E to 180°, both exhibiting a bimodal distribution. In most basins, MJO with VTS is a prominent feature, except where MJO convection is just forming (60°-70°E) or about to dissipate (170°E to 180°), in which the proportion of VTS is lower than that of no-VTS. The intensity of VTS follows a similar evolutionary pattern, being strongest in the Western Pacific and weakest in the western Indian Ocean and central Pacific. There is positive (negative) relationship between phase speed and intensity of VTS (proportion of no-VTS), the correlation coefficient of which is 0.59 (-0.66), all exceeding the 99 % significant level. The evolution of VTS would be regulated by the low-frequency background. The precipitation has a prominently positive (negative) impact on the intensity of VTS (no-VTS proportions). The vertical wind shear and upper-layer zonal velocity have a significantly negative (positive) effect on the intensity of VTS (no-VTS proportions).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive area in the tropical Indian Ocean for advancing beyond the summer predictability barrier of Indian Ocean Dipole","authors":"Rong Feng ,&nbsp;Wansuo Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using the geophysical fluid dynamics laboratory climate model version 2p1 (GFDL CM2p1), perfect model predictability experiments have been conducted to identify the sensitive area in the tropical Indian Ocean for advancing beyond the summer predictability barrier (SPB) of positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events. In these experiments, the model is assumed to be perfect, and prediction errors are only caused by initial errors. Initially, the impact of initial error patterns on prediction uncertainties was assessed by comparing dipole pattern initial errors with three sets of spatially correlated noises. The results revealed that dipole pattern initial errors tend to result in larger prediction errors and higher error growth rates in summer, leading to a significant SPB phenomenon. Notably, the large values of these dipole pattern initial errors are concentrated in specific areas. By eliminating initial errors within these areas, the prediction errors in summer are largely reduced, underscoring the sensitivity of prediction uncertainties in summer to initial errors in these areas. Moreover, the prediction errors in summer exhibit a higher sensitivity to initial errors within the subsurface large value area compared to those within the surface large value area. Consequently, the subsurface large value area in the tropical Indian Ocean is the sensitive area for advancing beyond the SPB, aligning with the corresponding location for advancing beyond the WPB. Eliminating initial errors within this area leads to a rapid decrease in prediction uncertainties, with a more pronounced reduction in winter than in summer. Through intensive observations in this sensitive area, significant reductions in prediction errors in both summer and winter can be achieved, thereby greatly improve the forecast skill of IOD events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and topographical dynamics of precipitable water vapor in Nepal: A GNSS-based assessment","authors":"Srijan Thapa ,&nbsp;Riya Pokhrel ,&nbsp;Bigyan Banjara ,&nbsp;Bhijan Nyaupane ,&nbsp;Aadarsha Dhakal","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precipitable water vapor (PWV), a key indicator of atmospheric moisture, plays a vital role in weather forecasting, climate studies, and understanding atmospheric thermodynamics. This study utilizes ground-based GNSS technology to estimate PWV and Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) across three distinct topographical regions of Nepal: Terai, Hilly, and Himalayan, over four seasons: winter, spring, summer, and autumn. The analysis reveals that the Terai region, characterized by lower elevations, consistently exhibits higher PWV and ZTD values compared to the high-altitude Himalayan region, with the Hilly region showing intermediate levels. Seasonal variations indicate the highest PWV and ZTD during the summer and the lowest during winter, reflecting the influence of monsoonal moisture. Diurnal variability analysis further shows significant fluctuations in PWV, with a minimum in the early morning (21:45–00:45 UTC) and at night (17:15–18:15 UTC) and a maximum during the warmest part of the day (6:15–9:15 UTC). These findings underscore the effectiveness of GNSS technology in monitoring atmospheric water vapor and highlight the significant impact of topography and seasonal cycles on PWV distribution in Nepal. Such research and insights are crucial for improving weather forecasting, advancing climate change research, and enhancing atmospheric monitoring in regions with diverse topographical features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and drivers of tropical cyclones originating in the South China Sea during 1949–2021","authors":"Zhi Li ,&nbsp;Zecheng Xu ,&nbsp;Yue Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical cyclones (TCs) are extreme meteorological phenomena, characterized by intense winds and torrential rainfall, which pose severe risks to coastal inhabitants and infrastructure. In the South China Sea (SCS), TCs predominantly form during the main season from May to October. A comprehensive analysis of TC genesis within the SCS during May–September from 1949 to 2021 reveals a significant upward trend in TC frequency. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving this trend, we conducted diagnostic analyses of the Genesis Potential Index (GPI) and examined variations in relative humidity (RH) and specific humidity (SH). Our results demonstrate that anomalously elevated mid-level RH is the primary driver of the increasing frequency of locally generated SCS TCs, with this rise in RH attributed to changes in SH primarily influenced by vertical advection processes. These advection processes are largely facilitated by Ekman pumping, driven by the warming of sea surface temperatures (SST) in the SCS. This study establishes a robust linkage between the increasing TC frequency and the warming SST trend in the SCS, underscoring the profound influence of regional climate change on TC activity in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of finescale parameterization through reducing uncertainty in spectrum estimation","authors":"Shumin Jiang ,&nbsp;Dejun Dai ,&nbsp;Dingqi Wang ,&nbsp;Jia Deng ,&nbsp;Jia Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Jingsong Guo ,&nbsp;Fangli Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finescale parameterization (FP) is employed widely to estimate the large-scale distribution of internal wave-induced mixing, which is crucially important for the development of ocean general circulation models. In this study, FP performance was evaluated using hydrographic and microstructure measurements extracted from the Microstructure Program dataset. A general tendency of overestimation with increase in the estimated internal wave energy level was observed. Using the Monte Carlo method, the turbulent dissipation rates under prescribed spectra were estimated to illustrate how uncertainty in spectrum estimation contributes to the bias. The overestimation tendency was replicated under the FP by the commonly used periodogram spectral method. By replacing the periodogram method with an autoregressive (AR) spectral estimator, the overestimation tendency was reduced considerably. Application of FP with the AR method to the collected hydrographic data greatly reduced the bias, with the root mean square error reducing from 0.72 to 0.46, the variance of the bias decreasing from 0.57 to 0.23, and the correlation of the bias with the internal wave energy level reducing from 0.62 to 0.32, in base-10 logarithmic coordinates. Application of FP with the AR spectrum estimator would help in estimating diapycnal mixing within the ocean interior more accurately and increase the robustness of FP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying climate change-driven variations in projected wind condition in the Gulf of Guinea","authors":"Adeola M. Dahunsi ,&nbsp;Frederic Bonou ,&nbsp;Olusegun A. Dada ,&nbsp;Ezinvi Baloïtcha","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding wind climate dynamics in the Gulf of Guinea (GoG) is critical for addressing climate-related challenges and supporting sustainable development in the region. This study evaluates the wind climate using observational buoy data from the PIRATA network and multiple General Circulation Models (GCMs) under historical and future Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP 8.5) scenarios. An ensemble dataset, constructed as the average of GCM outputs, was validated against PIRATA buoy measurements and demonstrated better performance to individual GCMs. The study revealed distinct temporal and spatial variability in wind conditions across the dry and rainy seasons during the baseline period (1961–2014). Projections under RCP 8.5 for mid-century (2026–2060) and end-century (2066–2100) consistently indicate increasing wind speeds, with the most significant changes projected during the rainy season. These findings highlight the critical role of ensemble modelling in mitigating biases inherent in individual datasets and its contribution to a robust understanding of wind dynamics in the region. The observed trends have significant implications for coastal upwelling, maritime safety, renewable energy development, and climate resilience strategies in the GoG. This study highlights the necessity of fine-scale spatio-temporal modelling to improve predictions and guide evidence-based adaptive strategies to mitigate climate change impacts on coastal ecosystems and vulnerable communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Weibull distribution and stable energy concept for numerical solutions of random wave heights","authors":"Nga Thanh Duong ,&nbsp;Loc Xuan Luu ,&nbsp;Linh Hoang Tran ,&nbsp;Khiem Quang Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on developing a new energy dissipation model and a corresponding solution for random wave height transformation based on stable energy theory and the Weibull distribution. Eight previously established breaking wave height formulas will be evaluated for compatibility with the new numerical solution in predicting wave height. A range of evaluation criteria (e.g., relative root-mean-square error (<em>RRMSE</em>), root-mean-square error (<em>RMSE</em>), mean absolute error (<em>MAE</em>), and standard deviation (<em>ν</em>)) will be applied to verify the reliability of the developed energy dissipation model alongside 13 existing models, using a large dataset of up to 6007 data points collected from 11 historical experiments. The results indicate that the NK1 solution for wave height transformation derived from the new energy dissipation model DB1 performs best in wave height prediction, with optimal shape and scale parameters of 1.53 and 0.83, respectively. The use of the DB1 model (or, equivalently, the NK1 solution) reduces errors compared to the 13 existing models by 8.1–69.4 % for <em>RRMSE</em>. For other evaluation criteria, DB1 also consistently outperforms the existing models. The findings further suggest that the stable energy concept is a feasible approach despite receiving limited attention from researchers. Additionally, the Weibull distribution is recommended for developing energy dissipation models or solutions for irregular wave height transformation. Therefore, the newly developed DB1 model and corresponding NK1 solution are strongly recommended for calculating random wave height transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50563,"journal":{"name":"Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 101544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}