Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques最新文献

{"title":"Incremental Role of Cardiac CT Angiography in the Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease With Normal Ejection Fraction: A Comparison With Transthoracic Echocardiography","authors":"Amy Fiona Suresh Kumar,&nbsp;Vineeta Ojha,&nbsp;Sreelal Thazhathu Veettil,&nbsp;Mohsin Mantoo,&nbsp;Damandeep Singh,&nbsp;Niraj Nirmal Pandey,&nbsp;Priya Jagia,&nbsp;Satyavir Yadav,&nbsp;Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.1111/echo.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is defined as impaired left ventricular (LV) relaxation, caused by structural or functional heart diseases. We sought to assess the role of cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) as a tool to evaluate LV DD in patients with normal EF using the diastolic expansion index (DEI), as compared to transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) as the gold standard.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients presenting with atypical chest pain with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) and having a normal LV ejection fraction on TTE underwent CCTA using a dual source CT scanner. Assessment of diastolic function on CCTA was done using DEI, and it was compared with TTE-derived diastolic function as per standard ASE/EACVI guidelines. DEI was measured using a dedicated postprocessing software (Syngo.via VB20, Siemens Healthcare, Germany) and was calculated as a ratio of maximum LV volume (in LV end-diastole) to maximum left atrial (LA) volume (in LV end-systole), with the mean value of readings from three independent readers taken for each calculation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 141 patients (60 male; mean age 50.82 ± 10.20 years; mean heart rate 84.90 ± 16.15 beats per minute). CCTA-derived mean indexed LA volumes correlated well with TTE measurements but were larger when compared to TTE (<i>r</i> = 0.53, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). A progressive increase in LA volume index was noted with worsening DD grades. Excellent inter-observer correlation was seen between the three observers for LA volume index (intra-class correlation coefficient: 0.999 [95% CI: 0.999–0.999] and for DEI 0.996 [95% CI: 0.995–0.997]). A normal LV diastolic function was predicted by a DEI &gt; 1.57 with a specificity and sensitivity of 88.3% and 81.6%, respectively (area under curve (AUC)-0.87), whereas an abnormal LV diastolic function was predicted by DEI &lt;1.46 with a specificity and sensitivity of 84.8% and 62.5%, respectively (AUC-0.848). There was a significant correlation between the presence of obstructive CAD and an increase in calcium score with DD grade (<i>p</i> = 0.006 and 0.001, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CCTA-derived DEI is a reliable metric for assessing LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with suspected CAD with normal ejection fraction. The presence of obstructive CAD and an increase in calcium score correlated with worsening DD grade.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventricular Septal Hematoma: An Unexpected Complication After Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect Surgical Repair","authors":"Oung Savly,&nbsp;Hy Soklay,&nbsp;Fabien Labombarda","doi":"10.1111/echo.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.70059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Cardiac Tamponade by Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma","authors":"Karina Del Valle Zamora,&nbsp;Jacobo Sebastián Vera-Chávez,&nbsp;Alberto Aranda-Fraustro,&nbsp;Marcos Abraham Duarte-Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Angélica Vargas-Guerrero,&nbsp;Gina Alejandra Altamirano-Solorzano,&nbsp;Hilda Eloisa Delgadillo-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1111/echo.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 43-year-old woman presented with dyspnea and cough, initially misdiagnosed as respiratory syncytial virus. Persistent symptoms led to pulmonary thromboembolism treatment, but worsening issues revealed recurrent pericardial effusion. Imaging and biopsy confirmed pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma, mimicking thromboembolism, and autoimmune disease, underscoring diagnostic challenges. Contrast-enhanced angiotomography showing filling defects suggestive of pulmonary thromboembolism. Echocardiogram with severe pericardial effusion. T2-weighted MRI with two heterogeneous masses on the right side and another adjacent to the left atrium. Biopsy confirming pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Assessment of Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation: Advancing Toward a Less Invasive Approach With Three-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiography?","authors":"Giacomo Ingallina,&nbsp;Giorgio Fiore,&nbsp;Francesco Ancona","doi":"10.1111/echo.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Traditional to Cutting-Edge: Transforming Pulmonary Valve Assessment With Advanced Echocardiography Techniques","authors":"Tugba Kemaloglu Oz,&nbsp;Vladyslav Kavalerchyk,&nbsp;Krasimira Hristova,&nbsp;Alex dos Santos Felix,&nbsp;Anosh Shane Sivashanmugarajah,&nbsp;Angus A. Baumann,&nbsp;Alexander Mladenow","doi":"10.1111/echo.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pulmonary valve (PV), although often less emphasized than other heart valves, is crucial for cardiac function and hemodynamics. Historically, the PV has been underrepresented in echocardiographic assessments due to its rare involvement in pathological conditions, particularly in adults. Additionally, the anatomical position of the PV makes it one of the most challenging valves to visualize using conventional echocardiography. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) techniques, while foundational, have limitations in capturing the full spectrum of valve pathology and dynamics. Recent advancements in echocardiography, especially the integration of three-dimensional (3D) imaging, have significantly enhanced the assessment of PV disorders. 3D echocardiography (3DE) offers superior accuracy in visualizing valve morphology and function, overcoming the limitations of angle dependency and suboptimal imaging planes typical of 2D assessments. This evolution in imaging techniques facilitates more precise diagnoses and improved management of conditions such as pulmonary stenosis (PS) and regurgitation (PR). This review explores the transition from conventional echocardiographic methods to advanced approaches that are reshaping our understanding of the PV, emphasizing the importance of incorporating these cutting-edge techniques into routine clinical practice to enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Spindle Cell Sarcoma: A Challenging Presentation and Diagnosis of a Rare Malignant Primary Cardiac Tumor","authors":"Jorge D. Rodríguez-Esparza,&nbsp;José A. Sánchez-Toscano,&nbsp;Gabriela Meléndez-Ramírez,&nbsp;Juan F. Fritche-Salazar,&nbsp;Hugo Rodríguez-Zanella,&nbsp;Edith L. Posada-Martínez,&nbsp;José A. Arias-Godínez,&nbsp;Mario J. Pozas-Rivas,&nbsp;Xochitl A. Ortiz-Leon","doi":"10.1111/echo.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present a case of a 72-year-old female patient with dyspnea and lipothymia. Echocardiography demonstrates an intracavitary cystic mass that fills almost all left atria causing supravalvular obstruction. The magnetic resonance image revealed a 53 × 47 × 48 mm heterogeneous mass with regular edges, tissue characterization suggested myxoma. The patient underwent surgical resection, histopathologic study was compatible with sarcoma. This case underscores the importance of multimodal imaging for an accurate approach and early diagnosis of cardiac intracavitary masses.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Myocardial Work and Coronary Artery Calcium Score in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Flemming Javier Olsen,&nbsp;Nino Emanuel Landler,&nbsp;Jacob Christensen,&nbsp;Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed,&nbsp;Bo Feldt-Rasmussen,&nbsp;Ditte Hansen,&nbsp;Christina Christoffersen,&nbsp;Ellen Linnea Freese Ballegaard,&nbsp;Ida Maria Hjelm Sørensen,&nbsp;Sasha Saurbrey Bjergfelt,&nbsp;Eline Seidelin,&nbsp;Susanne Bro,&nbsp;Tor Biering-Sørensen","doi":"10.1111/echo.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myocardial work is a novel measure of potential value for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD). It may therefore be useful in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), in whom the diagnostic work-up can be challenging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a cross-sectional study of patients with CKD (G1-5, nondialysis-dependent). Cardiac computed tomography was performed to quantify coronary artery calcium score (CACS). Pressure-strain loop analysis was performed to obtain global and territorial work index (GWI and TWI, respectively). Logistic regression was applied to investigate the association between work measures and high CACS (&gt;400).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 455 patients (age: 57 years, 60% men, 8% with previous CAD, and eGFR of 43 mL/min/1.73 m²). High CACS across all coronary arteries was observed in 77 (17%), with 53 (12%) in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, 28 (6%) in the right coronary artery (RCA), and 17 (4%) in the circumflex (Cx) artery.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No difference in GWI was observed for overall high versus non-high CACS (1861 vs. 1937 mmHg%, <i>p</i> = 0.14). TWI was reduced in patients with high versus non-high CACS in the LAD (1772 vs. 1956 mmHg%, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and in the Cx (1556 vs. 1934 mmHg%, <i>p</i> = 0.001), but not in the RCA (<i>p</i> = 0.68). After multivariable regression, TWI remained significantly associated with high CACS in the LAD and Cx in patients with no history of CAD, but not in the RCA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with CKD, GWI was not associated with an overall high CACS. TWI was, however, associated with a high CACS in specific coronary arteries, although the findings were inconsistent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking the Epicardial Adipose Tissue-Left Atrial Strain Nexus in HFpEF: A Potential Echocardiographic Signature of Cardiac Adaptation","authors":"Zhen Wang,&nbsp;KunDi Chen,&nbsp;Ting Wang,&nbsp;Fang Nie","doi":"10.1111/echo.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and left atrial function in patients with preserved ejection fraction heart failure (HFpEF).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 113 patients diagnosed with HFpEF and 48 control subjects without heart failure. Echocardiography was performed to assess EAT thickness and left atrial function was quantified using Autostrain left atrium (LA), including left atrial strain during reservoir phase (LASr), left atrial strain during conduit phase (LAScd), and left atrial strain during contraction phase (LASct). Clinical and biochemical parameters were correlated with EAT and LA strain using regression analyses and generating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for left atrial strain parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EAT thickness was significantly greater in the HFpEF group (8.0 ± 1.0 mm) compared to the control group (5.0 ± 0.7 mm). HFpEF group exhibited poorer left ventricle diastolic function, indicated by lower e' velocity, E/A ratio, and higher E/e' values. Left atrial strain parameters, including LASr (22.4 ± 9.1%), LAScd (11.9 ± 6.9%), and LASct (10.5 ± 3.9%), were all lower in the HFpEF. EAT thickness was positively correlated with NT-proBNP, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose. Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between EAT and LA strain parameters even after adjusting for potential confounders. ROC curve analysis indicated that LASr had the highest diagnostic accuracy for HFpEF. Additionally, left atrial strain parameters were strongly correlated with left ventricular diastolic function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with HFpEF exhibit increased EAT thickness and reduced left atrial function. The thickening of EAT is associated with a decrease in left atrial strain. LA strain, particularly LASr, may serve as a sensitive indicator for early detection of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of Right Ventricular Synchrony by Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension","authors":"Hong Ma,&nbsp;HongPing Wu,&nbsp;XiaoXuan Sun,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;YaGuo Zheng","doi":"10.1111/echo.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Numerous studies have demonstrated impaired right ventricular (RV) synchronicity in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, few studies have focused on connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated PAH. This study evaluates RV dyssynchrony and its prognostic value in CTD-associated PAH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred thirteen CTD patients and 32 healthy controls were consecutively recruited. The patients were further divided into two groups: the CTD-nonPAH group (sPAP ˂ 36 mmHg, <i>n</i> = 60) and the CTD-PAH group (sPAP ≥ 36 mm Hg, <i>n</i> = 53). RV dyssynchrony was evaluated by determining the standard deviation of the heart rate–corrected intervals from QRS onset to peak strain for the four segments (RV-SD4) using 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). All patients were followed up, and the primary endpoint was clinical worsening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to the health control, the CTD patients exhibited obviously prolonged RV-SD4 (13.3 ± 6.8 ms vs. 41.2 ± 36.5 ms, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Among 113 CTD patients, the CTD-PAH patients had longer RV-SD4 than the CTD-nonPAH patients (20.8 ± 9.9 ms vs. 64.3 ± 41.6 ms, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). RV-SD4 was moderately positively correlated with RV longitudinal strain (<i>r</i> = 0.632, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), sPAP (<i>r</i> = 0.644, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and were negatively correlated with TAPSE (<i>r</i> = –0.547, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and FAC (<i>r</i> = –0.611, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In the follow-up, 23 patients experienced clinical worsening. The ROC analysis suggested that RV-SD4 level &gt;60.6 ms predicted clinical worsening with 91.3% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity (AUC = 0.891, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that TAPSE (HR = 0.739; 95% CI 0.623–0.878; <i>p</i> = 0.001) and RV-SD4 (HR = 6.148; 95% CI 1.718–22.000; <i>p</i> = 0.005) were independent predictive parameters of clinical worsening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CTD patients exhibit impaired RV synchronicity, which is linked to RV function and pulmonary artery pressure. RV dyssynchrony could predict clinical worsening in CTD-PAH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Advanced Echocardiography in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Shabnam Najaf Zadeh,&nbsp;Patrizia Malagutti,&nbsp;Luca Sartore,&nbsp;Raouf Madhkour,&nbsp;Martina Boscolo Berto,&nbsp;Christoph Gräni,&nbsp;Stefano De Marchi","doi":"10.1111/echo.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/echo.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiovascular (CV) diseases caused 20.5 million deaths in 2021, making up nearly one-third of global mortality. This highlights the need for practical prognostic markers to better classify patients and guide treatment, especially in ischemic heart disease (IHD), which represents one of the leading causes of CV mortality. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a key, non-invasive imaging tool widely used in cardiology for diagnosing and managing a range of CV conditions. It is the first choice for diagnosing and monitoring patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Alongside well-established echocardiographic measures, new techniques have proven useful for predicting adverse events in IHD patients, such as three-dimensional (3D) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and speckle tracking technology. This review aims to explore the latest echocardiographic tools that could provide new prognostic markers for patients in the acute phase and during follow-up after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We focus on new imaging methods like TDI, myocardial work index (MWI), speckle-tracking strain, and 3D technologies using TTE, which are easy to use and widely available at all stages of coronary artery disease (CAD).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50558,"journal":{"name":"Echocardiography-A Journal of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Allied Techniques","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}