Economics & Human Biology最新文献_第6页

Severe prenatal shocks and adolescent health: Evidence from the Dutch Hunger Winter 严重产前冲击与青少年健康：来自荷兰饥饿之冬的证据

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101372

Gabriella Conti , Stavros Poupakis , Peter Ekamper , Govert E. Bijwaard , L.H. Lumey

{"title":"Severe prenatal shocks and adolescent health: Evidence from the Dutch Hunger Winter","authors":"Gabriella Conti , Stavros Poupakis , Peter Ekamper , Govert E. Bijwaard , L.H. Lumey","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates health impacts at the end of adolescence of prenatal exposure to multiple shocks, by exploiting the unique natural experiment of the Dutch Hunger Winter. At the end of World War II, a famine occurred abruptly in the Western Netherlands (November 1944–May 1945), pushing the previously and subsequently well-nourished Dutch population to the brink of starvation. We link high-quality military recruits data with objective health measurements for the cohorts born in the years surrounding WWII with newly digitised historical records on calories and nutrient composition of the war rations, daily temperature, and warfare deaths. Using difference-in-differences and triple differences research designs, we first show that the cohorts exposed to the Dutch Hunger Winter since early gestation have a higher Body Mass Index and an increased probability of being obese at age 18. We then find that this effect is partly moderated by warfare exposure and a reduction in energy-adjusted protein intake. Lastly, we account for selective mortality using a copula-based approach and newly-digitised data on survival rates, and find evidence of both selection and scarring effects. These results emphasise the complexity of the mechanisms at play in studying the consequences of early conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570677X24000248/pdfft?md5=7ee5f907bcaf40b14b3f0ca354f2440e&pid=1-s2.0-S1570677X24000248-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140046033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The causal impact of fetal exposure to PM2.5 on birth outcomes: Evidence from rural China 胎儿暴露于 PM2.5 对出生结果的因果影响：来自中国农村的证据

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101380

Lyuxiu Li , Xin Zhang

引用次数: 0

Secular change in heights of rural adults in west-central poland between 1986 and 2016: The transition from pre- to post-communism 1986 年至 2016 年间波兰中西部农村成年人身高的长期变化：从前共产主义向后共产主义的过渡

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101377

Sylwia Bartowiak , Jan M. Konarski , Ryszard Strzelczyk , Robert M. Malina

{"title":"Secular change in heights of rural adults in west-central poland between 1986 and 2016: The transition from pre- to post-communism","authors":"Sylwia Bartowiak , Jan M. Konarski , Ryszard Strzelczyk , Robert M. Malina","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Secular change in the heights of adult men and women resident in ten rural communities in west-central Poland in four decennial surveys between 1986 and 2016 is considered. The adults were parents of children attending schools in rural communities in the province of Poznań. During each survey, parents of school children were asked to complete a questionnaire which requested their ages, heights and completed levels of education. Ages were reported in whole years. The self-reported heights were adjusted for the tendency of individuals to overestimate height. Height loss among of individuals 35+ years was estimated with sex-specific equations and was added to the adjusted heights. Secular gains in heights of adult males across the 30 year interval, and across the 1986–1996 and 2006–2016 surveys were, on average, larger than corresponding gains in heights of adult females; the sex difference between 1996 and 2006 surveys was negligible. When heights were regressed on year of birth, heights of males and females born before 1950 (prior to World War II and shortly after) showed minimal and non-significant secular changes, while heights of those born post-1950 showed larger and significant secular gains, more so in males than in females. The results highlight significant secular trends in the heights of rural adults over a 30-year interval. Consistent with other studies in Poland, the positive trends likely reflected political, educational and socio-economic changes and by inference improved nutritional and health conditions across generations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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A comment on “Height and the standard of living in Puerto Rico from the Spanish Enlightenment to annexation by the United States, 1770–1924” 关于 "1770-1924 年波多黎各从西班牙启蒙运动到被美国吞并期间的身高和生活水平 "的评论意见

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101376

Brian Marein , John Devereux

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Education increases patience: Evidence from a change in a compulsory schooling law 教育能增强耐心：义务教育法变革的证据

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101375

Pınar Kunt Šimunović

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Unconditional cash transfers, health and savings 无条件现金转移、保健和储蓄

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101373

Sefa Awaworyi Churchill , Nasir Iqbal , Saima Nawaz , Siew Ling Yew

{"title":"Unconditional cash transfers, health and savings","authors":"Sefa Awaworyi Churchill , Nasir Iqbal , Saima Nawaz , Siew Ling Yew","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the relationship between a national unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) program, health and savings. We theoretically and empirically show that motives to save can be strong when cash transfers promote health outcomes. We first present a theoretical model that considers lifecycle-consumption savings decisions, where households derive utility from consumption and leisure time at working age, as well as old-age consumption and old-age longevity that positively depend on health spending. We then empirically examine the impact of Pakistan’s Benazir Income Support Programme on various indicators of savings and provide suggestive evidence on how UCTs influence savings via health. We find that in the short and medium term, UCTs increase the probability that a household decides to save and have significant positive effects on the rates and amounts of household savings. The effects of UCTs are more pronounced on informal compared to formal savings. The results present exploratory and suggestive evidence that health is a mechanism through which UCTs transmit to savings. These findings are consistent with our theoretical predictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570677X2400025X/pdfft?md5=873729f7c43c30ec257c82bc07764e71&pid=1-s2.0-S1570677X2400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140209273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Deaths of despair” over the business cycle: New estimates from a shift-share instrumental variables approach 商业周期中的 "绝望之死"：从转移份额工具变量方法得出的新估算值

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101374

Christopher Lowenstein

引用次数: 0

The great Indian demonetization and gender gap in health outcomes: Evidence from two Indian states 印度大货币化与健康结果中的性别差距：来自印度两个邦的证据

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101369

Md Nazmul Ahsan , Sounak Thakur

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Secular trends and regional pattern in body height of Austrian conscripts born between 1961 and 2002 1961 年至 2002 年期间出生的奥地利应征士兵身高的长期趋势和地区模式

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101371

Sylvia Kirchengast , Thomas Waldhör , Alfred Juan , Lin Yang

{"title":"Secular trends and regional pattern in body height of Austrian conscripts born between 1961 and 2002","authors":"Sylvia Kirchengast , Thomas Waldhör , Alfred Juan , Lin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The human growth process is influenced not only by genetic factors but also by environmental factors. Therefore, regional differences in mean body heights may exist within a population or a state. In the present study, we described and evaluated the regional trends in mean body heights in the nine Austrian provinces over a period spanning more than four decades. Body height data of 1734569 male conscripts born in Austria with Austrian citizenship between 1961 and 2002 were anonymized and analyzed. From 1961 to 2002 birth cohorts, an overall increase in the mean body height of Austrian recruits was observed, although regional differences were evident. Regions with shorter body heights in the 1961–1963 birth cohorts showed a particularly pronounced increase in mean body heights. Meanwhile, the course of body height growth in the capital city, Vienna, was striking, where the highest body heights were documented for the 1961–1963 birth cohorts. In Vienna, mean body heights continued to decline until the 1984 birth cohort and increased again from the 1988 birth cohorts. In addition to economic factors, increased stress factors in an urban environment and a form of urban penalty are discussed as causes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570677X24000236/pdfft?md5=3e6c2b207e223beb76e00a57030c92f8&pid=1-s2.0-S1570677X24000236-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139999859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do conditional cash transfers reduce hypertension? 有条件的现金转移会降低高血压吗？

IF 2.5 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101370

Emma Aguila , William H. Dow , Felipe Menares , Susan W. Parker , Jorge Peniche , Soomin Ryu

{"title":"Do conditional cash transfers reduce hypertension?","authors":"Emma Aguila , William H. Dow , Felipe Menares , Susan W. Parker , Jorge Peniche , Soomin Ryu","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Progresa,</em> an anti-poverty conditional cash transfer program, has been a model for similar programs in more than 60 countries. Numerous studies have found positive impacts on schooling, the nutritional and health status of children and adolescents, and household consumption. However, the effects on the health of older adult beneficiaries have been particularly understudied. In this paper we analyze the effects of <em>Progresa</em> on middle-aged and older adult health, focusing on a high prevalence chronic condition: hypertension. Our results show that <em>Progresa</em> had significant benefits in terms of improved hypertension diagnosis and use of treatment drugs. However, we did not find significant changes in uncontrolled hypertension as measured by systolic and diastolic blood pressure biomarkers in household survey data. Thus, while cash transfer programs may facilitate financial access to healthcare visits and the ability to buy prescribed medicines, by itself the program might not improve hypertension outcomes without complementary healthcare system follow-up to ensure dosage titration and medication adherence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570677X24000224/pdfft?md5=eb25b76f227590353b4afc5ccf36f4b2&pid=1-s2.0-S1570677X24000224-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139921895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0