Economics & Human Biology最新文献

The impact of individuals’ preventive behaviours on health and healthcare utilisation 个人预防行为对健康和医疗使用的影响

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101486

Aarushi Dhingra , Gianluca Fiorentini , Luke Connelly

{"title":"The impact of individuals’ preventive behaviours on health and healthcare utilisation","authors":"Aarushi Dhingra , Gianluca Fiorentini , Luke Connelly","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the impact of preventative health behaviour of an individual, colon screening, on health outcomes and healthcare utilisation. We employ an instrumental variable approach to address the circularity in this relationship, using eye examination as our instrument. Our instrument exploits the fact that individuals who comply with recommendations or exhibit positive health behaviours tend to cluster and comply with recommendations for other positive health behaviours as well. We use two-stage least square regressions using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The results show that undertaking colon screening increases the probability of hospitalisations, especially those that are planned. It also leads to an increase in the probability of a diagnosis of cancer and colon cancer, while reducing the probability of death in the subsequent period. Heterogeneity checks provide evidence that these results are driven mostly by females, unmarried individuals, people with more than two co-morbidities and people with lower education and income. The results highlight the need to promote targeted information and preventive medicine to enhance early detection of cancer which may increase the probability of survival, and reduce avoidable burden on the healthcare system, especially, amongst the vulnerable groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towering Intellects? Sizing up the relationship between height and academic success

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101488

Stephanie Coffey , Amy Ellen Schwartz

{"title":"Towering Intellects? Sizing up the relationship between height and academic success","authors":"Stephanie Coffey , Amy Ellen Schwartz","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Do tall students do better in school? A robust literature documents higher earnings among taller people and suggests that differences in adult labor market outcomes may reflect prior differences in academic outcomes. In this paper, we use unique student-level longitudinal data from New York City (NYC) to examine the link between height and achievement, shedding light on underlying mechanisms. The centerpiece of our empirical work is a regression linking test scores to height, measured as a z-score normalized to same grade/sex peers within schools. We estimate a meaningful height gradient for both boys and girls in English Language Arts (ELA) and math achievement in all grades 3–8. Controlling for observed student characteristics, a one standard deviation (sd) increase in height for grade is associated with .03 and .039 sd higher performance in math and ELA, respectively, for boys and .034 and .04 sd in math and ELA, respectively, for girls. While the average gradient is small in magnitude, it is sufficiently large to generate meaningful differences in achievement between the tallest and shortest students. For example, the tallest 2.5 % boys and girls within grade perform .18 and .194 sd better in ELA, respectively, than the shortest ones. We also find evidence that ordinal height rank relative to peers may have a small effect on ELA achievement conditional on cardinal height. Thus, there is an academic height premium for both absolute and relative height.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of extreme high temperatures on ADRD hospitalization in Guangdong, China, 2017–2019

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101485

Caiyi Zhao , Xin Zhang , Chao Ma , Wei Xu

引用次数: 0

Second generation effects of an experimental conditional cash transfer program on early childhood human capital in Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜有条件现金转移实验计划对幼儿人力资本的第二代影响

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101483

Tania Barham , Oscar M. Díaz-Botía , Karen Macours , John A. Maluccio , Julieta Vera Rueda

{"title":"Second generation effects of an experimental conditional cash transfer program on early childhood human capital in Nicaragua","authors":"Tania Barham , Oscar M. Díaz-Botía , Karen Macours , John A. Maluccio , Julieta Vera Rueda","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interventions targeting improvements in human capital are often motivated by their potential to break the intergenerational transmission of poverty from parents to children. This study contributes to the thin evidence base on these links by examining outcomes for children of former program beneficiaries of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, capitalizing on randomized variation in the timing and CCT’s impact on maternal human capital. We estimate intent-to-treat (ITT) differential effects on early childhood anthropometric and cognitive outcomes for 0–3-year-old children of program beneficiaries [N=366], as well as effects on key domains including nutrition, health, stimulation and the home environment. We find that moderately higher schooling for mothers (19–22 years old) who were the original program beneficiaries did not translate into improvements in anthropometrics or cognitive outcomes for their children. We also find no effects on behaviors commonly thought to be affected by higher education such as investments in nutrition and preventive health, or stimulation. Early program beneficiary mothers, however, had worse mental health outcomes and were more likely to use violent disciplinary practices such as spanking, threatening and punishing. Findings demonstrate the complexity of intergenerational mechanisms across genetic, biological, environmental and behavioral factors, and also suggest the importance of maternal mental health as a mechanism influencing child outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in child height and open defecation in rural India: Understanding improvements between the two most recent demographic surveys

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101484

Sangita Vyas , Anna Vera

{"title":"Changes in child height and open defecation in rural India: Understanding improvements between the two most recent demographic surveys","authors":"Sangita Vyas , Anna Vera","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rural Indian children are exceptionally short by international standards. However, between 2015-16 and 2019-21, the average rural child’s height increased by about one-fifth of a standard deviation, a more rapid increase than previous years. Over this same period of time, reported open defecation in rural India reduced dramatically from 55% of households to 27% of households, in part because of a large government program that subsidized the construction of latrines. This paper studies the extent to which the reduction in open defecation can statistically account for the increase in child height over this period of time. Using a linear decomposition similar to Blinder-Oaxaca, that controls for fixed differences across districts and changes in other environmental exposures and economic status within districts, we find that the reduction in open defecation accounts for about one-fifth of the improvement in child height over this period of time. The improvement in the disease environment contributed to a small but important increase in child height, yet children in India are still short by international standards and much open defecation remains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Housing insecurity, financial hardship and mental health

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101475

Timothy Ludlow , Jonas Fooken , Christiern Rose , Kam Ki Tang

引用次数: 0

Auspicious years, the birth of girls, and their birth outcomes

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101482

Hyunkuk Cho

引用次数: 0

How do basic income for elderly affect health of self-employed?

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101474

Emma Aguila , Raquel Fonseca

{"title":"How do basic income for elderly affect health of self-employed?","authors":"Emma Aguila , Raquel Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores how basic income (a non-contributory pension program) for the elderly affects the health of retired workers who were self-employed or salaried workers. Differences in health between these groups may arise because of the greater social protection and lower income volatility that salaried workers enjoy. The study uses a cluster-randomized controlled trial that provides supplemental incomes to adults aged 70 or older in two towns of Yucatan, Mexico. It compares the effects of supplemental income over two waves for Valladolid (where eligible individuals received a monthly income supplement) and Motul (a demographically matched control town). The results indicate that self-employed workers experience a decrease in anemia and improvements in peak expiratory flow, word recall, satisfaction with health, better health care use, and well-being. In contrast, salaried workers' health outcomes show no significant effect from the program. The program improves food availability for both self-employed and salaried workers, but its impact on food availability is stronger for self-employed workers. The program did cause a crowding out of family transfers for self-employed and salaried workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender gaps in early childhood development in Latin America and the Caribbean

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101472

Samuel Berlinski , Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano , Alba Sóñora-Noya

引用次数: 0

Adolescent girls’ empowerment policy, health awareness, and decision-making: Evidence from the SABLA program in India 少女赋权政策、健康意识和决策：印度 SABLA 计划的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458

Modjgan Alishahi , Samira Hasanzadeh

{"title":"Adolescent girls’ empowerment policy, health awareness, and decision-making: Evidence from the SABLA program in India","authors":"Modjgan Alishahi , Samira Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In India, adolescent girls are highly vulnerable, facing risks that hinder their healthy development into young women. India’s Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (SABLA) aims to address these challenges by promoting health awareness and encouraging decision-making autonomy, fostering women’s development. Using data from the nationally representative India Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) and exploiting exogenous variations in the program’s rollout across districts and birth cohorts, we provide evidence that exposure to SABLA increases the likelihood of young female participants using family planning and modern family planning methods. Furthermore, it indicates that participants are more likely to adopt a healthier diet, characterized by increased consumption of green leafy vegetables and reduced intake of fried foods. Additionally, the program empowers participants to have control over their financial resources. The findings also reveal a significant reduction in the likelihood of anemia among women who were exposed to the program. Notably, our results suggest that SABLA contributes to delaying women’s marriage and their first childbirth. We find that women exposed to the program have fewer children than their counterparts and face fewer pregnancy losses. To account for COVID-19 disruptions, we include a COVID dummy variable. While the pandemic affected family planning, nutrition, and anemia, SABLA’s positive impact on health and empowerment remains strong. Notably, it did not affect women’s role in household decision-making, highlighting its lasting effect on empowerment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0