Economics & Human Biology最新文献

Maternal mortality, tuberculosis and social deprivation in Madrid during the second and third decades of the 20th century 20世纪第二和第三个十年期间马德里的产妇死亡率、结核病和社会剥夺

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101537

Alba Teresa González-Esteban, Stanislao Mazzoni, Michel Oris, Diego Ramiro-Fariñas

{"title":"Maternal mortality, tuberculosis and social deprivation in Madrid during the second and third decades of the 20th century","authors":"Alba Teresa González-Esteban, Stanislao Mazzoni, Michel Oris, Diego Ramiro-Fariñas","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we jointly study maternal mortality and tuberculosis during the second and third decades of the 20th century in Madrid. Nicknamed the “city of death”, the Spanish capital was marked by a high mortality where tuberculosis accounted for approximately 26/28 % of all deaths of women of reproductive age. Using a large longitudinal individual-level database including causes of death, we discuss the definitions of maternal mortality, then highlight its high level in the Spanish capital. However, the risk of dying was significantly lower for migrant women than for native. In the context studied, an evident example of the “healthy migrant” paradox with selection at origin is outlined. At the same time, there are clear links between tuberculosis as a cause of death during the 60 days following a delivery and the socio-spatial inequalities characteristic of a city that saw wealthy areas side by side with disadvantaged areas, characterized by low standards of living conditions and insufficient hygiene. The results of the statistical models analyzed are controlled for geographic, social and biological variables in addition to individual demographic characteristics. The robustness of the results is ensured by the size of the sample used, which allowed us to study an event - a death following delivery - that, even at the time of this study, was rare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expanded prescription coverage and opioid use disorders: Evidence from Medicare Part D 扩大处方覆盖范围和阿片类药物使用障碍：来自医疗保险D部分的证据

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101536

Ricardo B. Ang III

{"title":"Expanded prescription coverage and opioid use disorders: Evidence from Medicare Part D","authors":"Ricardo B. Ang III","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Medicare Part D, implemented on January 2006, expanded subsidized outpatient prescription-drug coverage, including medication-assisted treatment (MAT) drugs, for adults aged 65 and older. Using 6.2 million discharge records from the 2001 to 2011 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample, I study how this policy influenced serious opioid use disorder (OUD) events. The analysis uses a difference-in-differences framework that compares OUD-related hospitalizations among 65- to 69-year-olds with those of 60- to 64-year-olds, and an event study confirms parallel trends before implementation. Part D lowered OUD-related hospital admissions by 158.3 per 100,000 discharges, a 53% decline from the pre-policy mean. The reduction is concentrated in admissions that include diagnoses of opioid abuse or dependence, whereas admissions related to opioid poisoning show little change. Larger proportional declines among Black and Hispanic adults and among men indicate that changes in drug coverage were accompanied by differences in outcomes across demographic groups. Estimates are robust across alternative specifications. By reducing out-of-pocket costs for MAT drugs covered by Part D, comprehensive prescription benefits can substantially cut avoidable hospital stays even when individual treatment uptake is not observed. These findings inform current debates on drug-benefit design for aging populations confronting opioid-related harm and illustrate how insurance coverage shapes health production later in life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of biomedical innovation on cancer mortality in 37 countries, 2003–2017 2003-2017年37个国家生物医学创新对癌症死亡率的影响

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101534

Frank R. Lichtenberg

{"title":"The impact of biomedical innovation on cancer mortality in 37 countries, 2003–2017","authors":"Frank R. Lichtenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have shown that biomedical innovation, as measured by the long-run change in the vintage of MeSH descriptors of PubMed articles, has been the principal cause of declining cancer mortality in the U.S. The effect of biomedical innovation on cancer mortality outside of the U.S. may be different from its effect in the U.S. This study uses similar methods to investigate econometrically the impact that biomedical innovation had on cancer mortality in 37 countries during the period 2003–2017. Estimates based on pooled data by cancer site, country, and year indicate that the age-adjusted cancer mortality rate is significantly inversely related to the vintage of descriptors of PubMed articles about that cancer site 9–20 years (but not 0–8 years) earlier, controlling for the age-adjusted cancer incidence rate. The mortality rate is most strongly inversely related to the vintage of descriptors 16 years earlier. This finding is consistent with evidence from other studies that there is a substantial lag from biomedical innovation to population health. Excluding the U.S. (which accounts for 26 % of the cancer deaths in the 37 countries) from the sample does not have a substantial effect on the estimates. 85 % of the 2003–2017 decline in the cancer mortality rate is estimated to be attributable to the 1987–2001 increase in mean vintage. Only 6 % of the 2003–2017 decline in the cancer mortality rate is estimated to be attributable to the contemporaneous decline in the cancer incidence rate. In addition to estimating models using pooled data for many countries, we estimate models of the cancer mortality rate separately for each country. The estimate of the coefficient of vintage 16 years earlier is negative and significant for 24 of the 37 countries, and negative and marginally significant for 2 other countries; it is not positive and significant for any country. The population-weighted mean of the 37 estimates is very similar to the estimate from the model based on pooled data from many countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of the 2021 expanded Child Tax Credit on parents’ well-being and time use 2021年扩大的儿童税收抵免对父母福利和时间使用的影响

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101533

Laetitia Lebihan

引用次数: 0

Hot and cold, safe and unsafe: Evaluating the impact of extreme temperatures on work-related accidents in China 热与冷，安全与不安全：评估极端温度对中国工伤事故的影响。

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101535

Zhenyu Yao , Xiang Cao

{"title":"Hot and cold, safe and unsafe: Evaluating the impact of extreme temperatures on work-related accidents in China","authors":"Zhenyu Yao , Xiang Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how extreme temperatures impact work-related accidents across 411 cities in China from 2015 to 2019. Using a linear probability model, we find a significant causal link between rising temperatures and workplace accidents, with a 10°C increase leading to a 0.09 % rise in accident probability. Our analysis shows that temperatures over 24–26°C markedly increase accident risk, particularly in outdoor-intensive industries like construction and public facility management, with southern regions facing higher hazards due to prolonged heat exposure. Robustness checks, including lagged and lead temperature effects, confirm the consistency of our findings, reinforcing the direct link between environmental conditions and accident occurrence. This research contributes a comprehensive, causal view of temperature’s effect on workplace safety in a developing context, emphasizing the urgent need for temperature-sensitive safety protocols. For developing countries such as China, climate-resilient labor policies, including adaptive work schedules, cooling breaks, and shaded workspaces, are critical to protect workers and sustain productivity as global temperatures rise. Our findings lay a foundation for policy actions aimed at bolstering occupational safety standards to address escalating climate risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The (birthweight) gains from trade: Chinese imports and infant health in Sub-Saharan Africa 贸易带来的（出生体重）收益：中国进口和撒哈拉以南非洲的婴儿健康

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101523

Jorge M. Aguero , Patralekha Ukil

引用次数: 0

The impact of obesity on human capital accumulation: Exploring the driving factors 肥胖对人力资本积累的影响：驱动因素探讨

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101520

Raquel Carrasco , Diego González-González

引用次数: 0

Expensive famine: Early hunger experience and diabetes treatment burden. 昂贵的饥荒：早期饥饿经历和糖尿病治疗负担。

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101521

Ge Zhu, Li Wang, Wang Xuejun

{"title":"Expensive famine: Early hunger experience and diabetes treatment burden.","authors":"Ge Zhu, Li Wang, Wang Xuejun","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The negative effects of experiencing famine in childhood are not limited to increased morbidity. This study collected hospitalization data for diabetic patients in all hospitals in Gansu Province over a three-year period (2018-2020) and exploited the exogenous shock of the Great Famine event in China (1959-1961). We used a birth cohort DID method to assess the causal relationship between famine survivors and diabetes treatment costs. In a sample of patients with type 2 diabetes, treatment costs were higher for famine survivors than for other patients, especially those born between 1952 and 1957. However, there was no significant difference between patients born between 1959 and 1961, which may challenge the \"fetal origin\" hypothesis. The costs of hunger are all-encompassing, including worse health before hospitalization, a greater likelihood of surgery, and higher recovery costs after discharge. Findings also hint at differences in the burden of diabetes between insulin-insufficient and sugar-excessive. There are significant differences within survivors of different social statuses, and the low bargaining power of rural and female groups was amplified during the famine. Ethnic differences reflect more complex mechanisms of food acquisition. Even though 63-67 years old is the window period when the burden of diabetic patients who experienced famine in their early life increases significantly, these high medical burdens are effectively compensated under the medical insurance system.</p>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"58 ","pages":"101521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Responses in child health to concerted reconstruction efforts in the aftermath of the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador 2016年厄瓜多尔地震后协调一致的重建工作对儿童健康的响应

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101522

Natascha Wagner , Jimena Pacheco-Miranda , Juan Ponce

{"title":"Responses in child health to concerted reconstruction efforts in the aftermath of the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador","authors":"Natascha Wagner , Jimena Pacheco-Miranda , Juan Ponce","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper explores the short-term impact of recovery in the aftermath of a natural disaster on a set of child health outcomes. We analyze the impacts of a major earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 that occurred on the coast of Ecuador on April 16, 2016. As damage was geographically concentrated, affected infrastructure and individuals could be readily identified. We implement a quasi-experimental difference-in-difference (DiD) strategy with geo-referenced data to compare affected and non-affected children, which is complemented by the event study approach, inverse probability weighting, placebo tests, and a synthetic DiD, which together provide a robust empirical framework identifying that the quick and large response of the government compensated for the earthquake-induced destruction. Affected children aged 0–5 years show similar levels of nutrition (weight-, height-, and BMI-for-age) and anemia as non-affected children. There is even some indication from the heterogeneity analyses (birth cohorts) that weight-for-age might have improved after the disaster and in response to the concerted reconstruction. We present exploratory evidence suggesting that the reconstruction activities led to infrastructure improvements, that nutritional programs continued their operations, and mothers in affected areas engaged more in breastfeeding. All three channels are likely to contribute to the stable child health environment in earthquake-affected areas relative to the non-affected areas, suggesting that mitigation of negative health consequences for the weakest members of society, i.e., the children, is possible in the aftermath of a natural disaster if appropriate activities and policies are put in place.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Women’s age at marriage and obesity in Pakistan 巴基斯坦女性的结婚年龄和肥胖问题

IF 1.8 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101525

Wiktoria Tafesse , Akseer Hussain , Marc Suhrcke

{"title":"Women’s age at marriage and obesity in Pakistan","authors":"Wiktoria Tafesse , Akseer Hussain , Marc Suhrcke","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a growing public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where women face a disproportionate burden. In Pakistan, over half of adult women are overweight or obese. While socio-economic and demographic factors associated with obesity have been widely studied, less is known about the role of age at marriage as a potential determinant of women’s obesity. This study examines the relationship between marital age and obesity risk among Pakistani women using data from the 2012–13 and 2017–18 Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys. Baseline OLS models show that later marriage is significantly associated with a lower risk of obesity, with stronger effects observed among younger cohorts. Instrumental-variable estimates, exploiting community norms around marital age, confirm the OLS results for urban women, indicating that each additional year of delayed marriage reduces obesity risk by 0.7 percentage points. Analysis of mechanisms highlights fertility patterns, schooling, literacy, labour-force participation, health knowledge, and a reduced spousal age gap as key pathways linking early marriage to higher obesity risk among urban women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0