Economics & Human Biology最新文献_第2页

Adolescent girls’ empowerment policy, health awareness, and decision-making: Evidence from the SABLA program in India 少女赋权政策、健康意识和决策：印度 SABLA 计划的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458

Modjgan Alishahi , Samira Hasanzadeh

{"title":"Adolescent girls’ empowerment policy, health awareness, and decision-making: Evidence from the SABLA program in India","authors":"Modjgan Alishahi , Samira Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In India, adolescent girls are highly vulnerable, facing risks that hinder their healthy development into young women. India’s Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (SABLA) aims to address these challenges by promoting health awareness and encouraging decision-making autonomy, fostering women’s development. Using data from the nationally representative India Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) and exploiting exogenous variations in the program’s rollout across districts and birth cohorts, we provide evidence that exposure to SABLA increases the likelihood of young female participants using family planning and modern family planning methods. Furthermore, it indicates that participants are more likely to adopt a healthier diet, characterized by increased consumption of green leafy vegetables and reduced intake of fried foods. Additionally, the program empowers participants to have control over their financial resources. The findings also reveal a significant reduction in the likelihood of anemia among women who were exposed to the program. Notably, our results suggest that SABLA contributes to delaying women’s marriage and their first childbirth. We find that women exposed to the program have fewer children than their counterparts and face fewer pregnancy losses. To account for COVID-19 disruptions, we include a COVID dummy variable. While the pandemic affected family planning, nutrition, and anemia, SABLA’s positive impact on health and empowerment remains strong. Notably, it did not affect women’s role in household decision-making, highlighting its lasting effect on empowerment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Social capital and vaccination compliance: Evidence from Italy 社会资本与疫苗接种依从性：来自意大利的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101462

Giulia Montresor , Lucia Schiavon

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Smoking to your kids gain? Childhood exposure to parental smoking and obesity

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101473

Kushneel Prakash , Sanjesh Kumar

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The long-run and intergenerational impact of early exposure to the Great Chinese Famine of 1959–61 on mental health 早期接触1959-61年中国大饥荒对心理健康的长期和代际影响。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101461

Chih Ming Tan , Xiaobo Zhang , Xin Zhang

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Height self-selection of internal migrants in Italy in the second half of the twentieth century 20世纪下半叶意大利内部移民的身高自我选择。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101465

Donatella Lanari , Andrea Crippa , Luca Pieroni

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Religiosity, attitudes toward science, and public health: Evidence from Finland 宗教信仰、对科学的态度和公共健康：来自芬兰的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101460

Ioannis Laliotis , Evangelos Mourelatos , Joona Lohtander

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Too busy with the “rat race” to have kids? Longitudinal evidence on the impact of peer grit on the fertility of reproductive-age women in China 忙于“激烈的竞争”而没有时间生孩子？同伴勇气对中国育龄妇女生育能力影响的纵向证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101470

Haiyang Lu , Keya Zeng , Weiliang Hu

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The gender wage gap across life: Effects of genetic predisposition towards higher educational attainment

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101471

Alex Bryson, Tim Morris, David Bann, David Wilkinson

{"title":"The gender wage gap across life: Effects of genetic predisposition towards higher educational attainment","authors":"Alex Bryson, Tim Morris, David Bann, David Wilkinson","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using two polygenic scores (PGS) for educational attainment in a biomedical study of all those born in a single week in Great Britain in 1958 we show that the genetic predisposition for educational attainment is associated with labour market participation and wages over the life-course for men and women. Those with a higher PGS spend more time in employment and full-time employment and, when in employment, earn higher hourly wages. The employment associations are four times larger for women than for men. Conditional on employment, the PGS wage associations are sizeable, persistent and similar for men and women through to age 55. A one standard deviation increase in the PGS is associated with a 5–10 log point increase in hourly earnings. The size of the association is a little smaller for men aged 23. These associations are robust to non-random selection into employment and to controls for parental education. Between one-quarter and one-half of the PGS association with time in employment, and one-third to one-half of the PGS association with earnings, are mediated via educational attainment. Our results suggest that genetic endowments of a cohort born a half century ago continued to play a significant role in their fortunes in the labor market of the 21st Century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Workplace autonomy and mental health

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101469

Joe Spearing

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Minimum wages and alcohol consumption: Evidence from Canadian longitudinal microdata 最低工资与酒精消费：来自加拿大纵向微观数据的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101464

Yihong Bai , Michael R. Veall

{"title":"Minimum wages and alcohol consumption: Evidence from Canadian longitudinal microdata","authors":"Yihong Bai , Michael R. Veall","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective is to estimate the effect of provincial minimum wage increases in Canada on heavy drinking, binge drinking and average daily alcohol consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We estimate standard regression models by gender-age group with drinking behaviours as the dependent variables and the minimum wage among the independent variables. We employ the Canadian National Population Health Survey which began in 1994 and ended in 2011, a period comparable to that used by many U.S. studies. The longitudinal feature of the Canadian microdata is an advantage over most U.S. datasets, allowing control for individual fixed effects, including unobserved propensities regarding alcohol. As in U.S. studies, estimation relies on differences in timing and size of minimum wage changes across jurisdictions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We find no consistent evidence that minimum wage increases increase drinking overall. Indeed, for less-educated males ages 26–64, we estimate that a $1 increase (about 15 %) in the real minimum wage would have reduced the prevalence of heavy drinking by 2.2 percentage points and average daily alcohol consumption by 0.15 standard drinks, with wild bootstrap 95 % confidence intervals (-4.3, −0.1) and (-0.28, −0.07) respectively. Our estimates for females are less consistent but some point towards modest increases in drinking.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Besides our strongest finding of no evidence that minimum wages increase drinking overall, our findings can also be seen as consistent with earlier research on this same Canadian dataset that found minimum wage increases reduced stress in less-educated male workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0