Economics & Human Biology最新文献_第5页

Second generation effects of an experimental conditional cash transfer program on early childhood human capital in Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜有条件现金转移实验计划对幼儿人力资本的第二代影响

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101483

Tania Barham , Oscar M. Díaz-Botía , Karen Macours , John A. Maluccio , Julieta Vera Rueda

{"title":"Second generation effects of an experimental conditional cash transfer program on early childhood human capital in Nicaragua","authors":"Tania Barham , Oscar M. Díaz-Botía , Karen Macours , John A. Maluccio , Julieta Vera Rueda","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interventions targeting improvements in human capital are often motivated by their potential to break the intergenerational transmission of poverty from parents to children. This study contributes to the thin evidence base on these links by examining outcomes for children of former program beneficiaries of a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program, capitalizing on randomized variation in the timing and CCT’s impact on maternal human capital. We estimate intent-to-treat (ITT) differential effects on early childhood anthropometric and cognitive outcomes for 0–3-year-old children of program beneficiaries [N=366], as well as effects on key domains including nutrition, health, stimulation and the home environment. We find that moderately higher schooling for mothers (19–22 years old) who were the original program beneficiaries did not translate into improvements in anthropometrics or cognitive outcomes for their children. We also find no effects on behaviors commonly thought to be affected by higher education such as investments in nutrition and preventive health, or stimulation. Early program beneficiary mothers, however, had worse mental health outcomes and were more likely to use violent disciplinary practices such as spanking, threatening and punishing. Findings demonstrate the complexity of intergenerational mechanisms across genetic, biological, environmental and behavioral factors, and also suggest the importance of maternal mental health as a mechanism influencing child outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in child height and open defecation in rural India: Understanding improvements between the two most recent demographic surveys 印度农村儿童身高和露天排便的变化：了解最近两次人口调查之间的改善

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101484

Sangita Vyas , Anna Vera

{"title":"Changes in child height and open defecation in rural India: Understanding improvements between the two most recent demographic surveys","authors":"Sangita Vyas , Anna Vera","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rural Indian children are exceptionally short by international standards. However, between 2015-16 and 2019-21, the average rural child’s height increased by about one-fifth of a standard deviation, a more rapid increase than previous years. Over this same period of time, reported open defecation in rural India reduced dramatically from 55% of households to 27% of households, in part because of a large government program that subsidized the construction of latrines. This paper studies the extent to which the reduction in open defecation can statistically account for the increase in child height over this period of time. Using a linear decomposition similar to Blinder-Oaxaca, that controls for fixed differences across districts and changes in other environmental exposures and economic status within districts, we find that the reduction in open defecation accounts for about one-fifth of the improvement in child height over this period of time. The improvement in the disease environment contributed to a small but important increase in child height, yet children in India are still short by international standards and much open defecation remains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Housing insecurity, financial hardship and mental health 住房不安全、经济困难和心理健康

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101475

Timothy Ludlow , Jonas Fooken , Christiern Rose , Kam Ki Tang

引用次数: 0

Auspicious years, the birth of girls, and their birth outcomes 吉祥年，女孩的出生，以及她们的出生结果

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101482

Hyunkuk Cho

引用次数: 0

How do basic income for elderly affect health of self-employed? 长者基本收入如何影响自雇人士的健康？

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101474

Emma Aguila , Raquel Fonseca

{"title":"How do basic income for elderly affect health of self-employed?","authors":"Emma Aguila , Raquel Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores how basic income (a non-contributory pension program) for the elderly affects the health of retired workers who were self-employed or salaried workers. Differences in health between these groups may arise because of the greater social protection and lower income volatility that salaried workers enjoy. The study uses a cluster-randomized controlled trial that provides supplemental incomes to adults aged 70 or older in two towns of Yucatan, Mexico. It compares the effects of supplemental income over two waves for Valladolid (where eligible individuals received a monthly income supplement) and Motul (a demographically matched control town). The results indicate that self-employed workers experience a decrease in anemia and improvements in peak expiratory flow, word recall, satisfaction with health, better health care use, and well-being. In contrast, salaried workers' health outcomes show no significant effect from the program. The program improves food availability for both self-employed and salaried workers, but its impact on food availability is stronger for self-employed workers. The program did cause a crowding out of family transfers for self-employed and salaried workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender gaps in early childhood development in Latin America and the Caribbean 拉丁美洲和加勒比儿童早期发展中的性别差距

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101472

Samuel Berlinski , Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano , Alba Sóñora-Noya

引用次数: 0

Adolescent girls’ empowerment policy, health awareness, and decision-making: Evidence from the SABLA program in India 少女赋权政策、健康意识和决策：印度 SABLA 计划的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458

Modjgan Alishahi , Samira Hasanzadeh

{"title":"Adolescent girls’ empowerment policy, health awareness, and decision-making: Evidence from the SABLA program in India","authors":"Modjgan Alishahi , Samira Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In India, adolescent girls are highly vulnerable, facing risks that hinder their healthy development into young women. India’s Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (SABLA) aims to address these challenges by promoting health awareness and encouraging decision-making autonomy, fostering women’s development. Using data from the nationally representative India Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) and exploiting exogenous variations in the program’s rollout across districts and birth cohorts, we provide evidence that exposure to SABLA increases the likelihood of young female participants using family planning and modern family planning methods. Furthermore, it indicates that participants are more likely to adopt a healthier diet, characterized by increased consumption of green leafy vegetables and reduced intake of fried foods. Additionally, the program empowers participants to have control over their financial resources. The findings also reveal a significant reduction in the likelihood of anemia among women who were exposed to the program. Notably, our results suggest that SABLA contributes to delaying women’s marriage and their first childbirth. We find that women exposed to the program have fewer children than their counterparts and face fewer pregnancy losses. To account for COVID-19 disruptions, we include a COVID dummy variable. While the pandemic affected family planning, nutrition, and anemia, SABLA’s positive impact on health and empowerment remains strong. Notably, it did not affect women’s role in household decision-making, highlighting its lasting effect on empowerment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social capital and vaccination compliance: Evidence from Italy 社会资本与疫苗接种依从性：来自意大利的证据。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101462

Giulia Montresor , Lucia Schiavon

引用次数: 0

Smoking to your kids gain? Childhood exposure to parental smoking and obesity 给你的孩子吸烟？儿童时期受到父母吸烟和肥胖的影响。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2025.101473

Kushneel Prakash , Sanjesh Kumar

引用次数: 0

The long-run and intergenerational impact of early exposure to the Great Chinese Famine of 1959–61 on mental health 早期接触1959-61年中国大饥荒对心理健康的长期和代际影响。