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Health benefits of air pollution reduction: Evidence from economic slowdown in India 减少空气污染对健康的益处：印度经济放缓的证据。
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101437
Olexiy Kyrychenko
{"title":"Health benefits of air pollution reduction: Evidence from economic slowdown in India","authors":"Olexiy Kyrychenko","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper evaluates health benefits associated with the impact of air pollution reduction on infant mortality in India. Leveraging plausibly exogenous geographic variation in air pollution due to the post-2010 economic slowdown—a period largely overlooked in the literature—I find that improvements in air quality resulted in a significant decline in infant mortality, particularly through respiratory diseases and biological pathways such as in utero and post-birth exposure. The associated health benefits correspond to 1338 saved infant lives, translating to monetary gains of $312.5 million. The paper advances our understanding of the link between air pollution and human health in settings with elevated air pollution and suboptimal regulatory frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social inequalities in adult mortality across Europe (18th-21st centuries): A critical analysis of theories and evidence 欧洲成人死亡率的社会不平等（18 世纪至 21 世纪）：对理论和证据的批判性分析。
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101438
Víctor Antonio Luque de Haro
{"title":"Social inequalities in adult mortality across Europe (18th-21st centuries): A critical analysis of theories and evidence","authors":"Víctor Antonio Luque de Haro","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the historical evolution of socioeconomic disparities in adult mortality, with a focus on European societies. Despite the widespread improvements in population health, social inequalities in mortality are a pervasive phenomenon nowadays. This paper employs a critical analysis of both theoretical and empirical literature to investigate major international studies and their findings on longevity differences associated with socioeconomic status from the nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. Findings reveal that adult mortality trajectories have differed notably across social classes and regions, with some areas exhibiting disparities before the demographic transition and others showing inequalities emerging later. Understanding these long-term health inequality trends sheds light on the changing influence of medical advances and their interplay with economic growth, educational disparities, environmental factors, state roles, and production distribution, which have shaped mortality disparities through different development stages. These factors elucidate the international heterogeneity of results until the mid-twentieth century and offer explanatory insights into observed north-south patterns in Europe. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how advancements in public health, economic development, and social policies have shaped health outcomes over centuries. The implications of this research inform ongoing debates and health policy, emphasizing a nuanced interpretation of historical data to craft effective strategies that address health inequalities today.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High temperatures and traffic accident crimes: Evidence from more than 470,000 offenses in China 高温与交通事故犯罪：来自中国 47 万多起交通事故的证据。
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101440
Meng Wang, Shiying Zhang
{"title":"High temperatures and traffic accident crimes: Evidence from more than 470,000 offenses in China","authors":"Meng Wang,&nbsp;Shiying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does climate change affect road safety? This study examines the impacts of high temperatures on the crime of causing traffic casualties based on comprehensive data covering more than 470,000 offenses from verdicts published by Chinese courts. Using 2014–2018 city-level daily panel data, we find that a day with a daily maximum temperature above 100 °F leads to a significant 11.9 % increase in traffic accident crime compared with days with a mild temperature. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that people aged 45 and above, samples on weekdays, and samples in regions with high population densities are more vulnerable to the effects of extreme heat. More importantly, we find no lagged or cumulative effects and little evidence of adaptation. Finally, by using traffic congestion index data, we observe that drivers can engage in avoidance behavior on hot days, suggesting that our estimates may provide a lower bound on the effect of extreme heat on traffic accident crime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fattening speed: Understanding the impact of internet speed on obesity, and the mediating role of sedentary behaviour 发胖的速度：了解网速对肥胖的影响以及久坐行为的中介作用
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101439
Michelle I-Hsuan Lin , Sefa Awaworyi Churchill , Klaus Ackermann
{"title":"The fattening speed: Understanding the impact of internet speed on obesity, and the mediating role of sedentary behaviour","authors":"Michelle I-Hsuan Lin ,&nbsp;Sefa Awaworyi Churchill ,&nbsp;Klaus Ackermann","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the impact of access to high-speed internet on obesity. Using 14 waves of longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey and a newly constructed dataset on the rollout and adoption rate of the National Broadband Network (NBN) across Australian postcodes, we find that access to high-speed internet has a positive effect on obesity. Specifically, our preferred instrumental variable estimates, which predict the variation in timing and location of internet access upgrades, suggest that a 1 % increase in the proportion of a postcode that has access to NBN is associated with a 1.573 increase in Body Mass Index and a 6.6 percentage point increase in the probability of being obese. These results are robust to several checks and alternative specifications. We also find that sedentary behaviour and inactivity are mechanisms through which access to high-speed internet transmits to obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What is the relationship between risk attitudes and ambient temperature? Evidence from a large population-based cohort study 风险态度与环境温度之间有什么关系？一项大型人群队列研究提供的证据。
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101436
Adriana N. König , Michael Laxy , Annette Peters , Alexandra Schneider , Kathrin Wolf , Lars Schwettmann , Daniel Wiesen
{"title":"What is the relationship between risk attitudes and ambient temperature? Evidence from a large population-based cohort study","authors":"Adriana N. König ,&nbsp;Michael Laxy ,&nbsp;Annette Peters ,&nbsp;Alexandra Schneider ,&nbsp;Kathrin Wolf ,&nbsp;Lars Schwettmann ,&nbsp;Daniel Wiesen","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rising temperatures affect human behavior and risk-taking in several domains. However, it is not yet well understood just how ambient temperature shapes risk attitudes. Using data from the large population-based KORA-Fit study (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) of older people (<span><math><mi>N</mi></math></span>=2454), we identify a statistically significant, but very small, positive association between short-term ambient temperature changes and individuals’ general willingness to take risks. Health-related risk attitudes, however, show no significant relationship with temperature. These findings support a domain-specific view of risk attitudes, with results remaining consistent for vulnerable individuals with the chronic conditions diabetes, hypertension, and asthma. Overall, our findings suggest that risk attitudes are somewhat stable towards changes in ambient temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of gene–environment interaction in the formation of risk attitudes 基因-环境相互作用在风险态度形成中的作用
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101434
Jaroslav Groero
{"title":"The role of gene–environment interaction in the formation of risk attitudes","authors":"Jaroslav Groero","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the formation of risk preferences is crucial for elucidating the roots of economic, social, and health inequalities. However, this area remains inadequately explored. This study employs a risk preference measure directly linked to the labor market to examine whether previous experiences with high unemployment rates influence current risk decision-making among the elderly, and whether this impact varies by genotype. The findings indicate that individuals with low genetic predispositions for risk tolerance are more significantly influenced by historical fluctuations in unemployment rates than those with high genetic predispositions for risk tolerance. Consequently, this paper identifies genetic endowment as a crucial moderating factor that shapes how past experiences impact current decision-making processes. This disparity in how past experiences shape risk preferences based on genetic predisposition may further amplify inequalities in health, wealth, income, and other outcomes associated with risk preferences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Daylight duration and time allocation of children and adolescents 儿童和青少年的日照时间和时间分配。
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101435
Ha Trong Nguyen , Stephen R. Zubrick , Francis Mitrou
{"title":"Daylight duration and time allocation of children and adolescents","authors":"Ha Trong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Stephen R. Zubrick ,&nbsp;Francis Mitrou","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the allocation of time, particularly to sleep, among children and adolescents in response to daily daylight variation. Utilising a dataset of over 50,000 time-use diaries from two Australian cohorts spanning 16 years and employing an individual fixed effects estimator, we uncover a substantial causal impact of daily daylight duration on sleep patterns. Our findings reveal that days with longer daylight hours are associated with a decrease in total sleep duration, primarily driven by a later sleep onset time. Additionally, longer daylight hours correspond to reduced time spent on personal care and media activities, with increased dedication to school and physical activities. Furthermore, we identify socio-demographic factors moderating these effects, such as older age and weekend days exerting a stronger influence on sleep duration, while females and children of unemployed mothers exhibit a subtle impact. These insights contribute to our understanding of how environmental factors shape daily routines and offer implications for designing schedules that promote positive developmental outcomes in young individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The geography of healthcare: Mapping patient flow and medical resource allocation in China 医疗地理：绘制中国的患者流和医疗资源分配图
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101431
Xiaofang Dong , Yalin Wang
{"title":"The geography of healthcare: Mapping patient flow and medical resource allocation in China","authors":"Xiaofang Dong ,&nbsp;Yalin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The misallocation of medical resources leads to interregional patient flow in search of better healthcare. Using out-of-pocket medical expenditure data and a delineating method, this paper identifies spatial clusters of medical services in China based on patient flow across cities. Our findings indicate that healthcare resources are more concentrated in northern China, while southern China is divided into several large healthcare clusters at the same threshold. The provincial capital and economically significant cities are more likely to serve as medical cluster centers. We further apply the gravity model to examine the effects of healthcare disparity on cross-city medical expenditure. The results reveal that geographic disparities in high-quality medical resources encourage remote healthcare-seeking behavior, and the shorter the distance between locations, the higher the level of medical consumption. Patients are inclined to seek medical services within their own province and within specific medical clusters identified through delineation methods. This effect is more pronounced among patients from non-central cities. This study highlights healthcare inequality by examining cross-regional medical expenditure, providing valuable insights for future healthcare policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stress in the air: A conjecture 空气中的压力猜想
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101430
Oded Stark
{"title":"Stress in the air: A conjecture","authors":"Oded Stark","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 1949 study <em>The American Soldier</em>: <em>Combat and Its Aftermath</em>, Volume II, by Stouffer et al. presents detailed accounts of the attitudes of American fighter pilots toward the stress experienced by them and of the policies and practices of the American Air Force command in addressing this stress during WWII. The 2022 study “Killer incentives” by Ager et al. documents an aspect and a repercussion of the stress of German fighter pilots and can be used to identify the response to that stress by the German Air Force command during WWII. Drawing on these two studies, in this paper I construct fighter pilot stress profiles in the two air forces. The picture that emerges is that there is a stark difference between the approaches of the two commands. This diversity leads me to conjecture that the American Air Force command explicitly sought to forestall and curtail fighter pilots’ stress, whereas the German Air Force command implicitly cultivated and engineered fighter pilots’ stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Decentralized wage bargaining and health 分散的工资谈判与健康
IF 2.2 3区 医学
Economics & Human Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101433
Terhi Maczulskij , Mika Haapanen , Antti Kauhanen , Krista Riukula
{"title":"Decentralized wage bargaining and health","authors":"Terhi Maczulskij ,&nbsp;Mika Haapanen ,&nbsp;Antti Kauhanen ,&nbsp;Krista Riukula","doi":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the association between decentralized wage bargaining and worker health in Finland. We utilize unique data on collective agreements matched with total population administrative data on mental health disorders and sickness absence for the 2005–2013 period. We find that decentralized wage bargaining is related to mental health among blue-collar workers. Specifically, local wage increase allowances are associated with improved mental health in firms with a high concentration of white-collar employees, whereas this association is reversed in firms where blue-collar workers predominate. No consistent links to sickness absences are observed. Further analyses indicate that higher earnings under local wage agreements may explain the observed improvement in mental health in white-collar intensive firms, whereas decreased employment could partially explain the worsened mental health in blue-collar intensive firms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50554,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Human Biology","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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