International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity最新文献

{"title":"Behavioural components and delivery features of early childhood obesity prevention interventions: intervention coding of studies in the TOPCHILD Collaboration systematic review.","authors":"Brittany J Johnson, Paul M Chadwick, Samantha Pryde, Anna Lene Seidler, Kylie E Hunter, Mason Aberoumand, Jonathan G Williams, Hei In Lau, Sol Libesman, Jannik Aagerup, Angie Barba, Louise A Baur, Samantha Morgillo, Lee Sanders, Sarah Taki, Kylie D Hesketh, Karen Campbell, Alexandra Manson, Alison Hayes, Angela Webster, Charles Wood, Denise A O'Connor, Karen Matvienko-Sikar, Kristy Robledo, Lisa Askie, Luke Wolfenden, Rachael Taylor, H Shonna Yin, Vicki Brown, Alexander Fiks, Alison Ventura, Ata Ghaderi, Barry J Taylor, Cathleen Stough, Christine Helle, Cristina Palacios, Eliana M Perrin, Elizabeth Reifsnider, Finn Rasmussen, Ian M Paul, Jennifer S Savage, Jessica Thomson, Jinan Banna, Junilla Larsen, Kaumudi Joshipura, Ken K Ong, Levie Karssen, Li Ming Wen, Márcia Vitolo, Margrethe Røed, Maria Bryant, Maribel Campos Rivera, Mary Jo Messito, Natalia Golova, Nina Cecilie Øverby, Rachel Gross, Rajalakshmi Lakshman, Rebecca Byrne, Russell L Rothman, Sharleen O'Reilly, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, Vera Verbestel, Claudio Maffeis, Kayla de la Haye, Sarah-Jeanne Salvy, Seema Mihrshahi, Janani Ramachandran, Paola Seffrin Baratto, Rebecca K Golley","doi":"10.1186/s12966-025-01708-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-025-01708-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early childhood obesity prevention interventions that aim to change parent/caregiver practices related to infant (milk) feeding, food provision and parent feeding, movement (including activity, sedentary behaviour) and/or sleep health (i.e. target parental behaviour domains) are diverse and heterogeneously reported. We aimed to 1) systematically characterise the target behaviours, delivery features, and Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) used in interventions in the international Transforming Obesity Prevention for CHILDren (TOPCHILD) Collaboration, and 2) explore similarities and differences in BCTs used in interventions by target behaviour domains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Annual systematic searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane (CENTRAL), CINAHL, PsycINFO, and two clinical trial registries, from inception to February 2023. Trialists from eligible randomised controlled trials of parent-focused, behavioural early obesity prevention interventions shared unpublished intervention materials. Standardised approaches were used to code target behaviours, delivery features and BCTs in both published and unpublished intervention materials. Validation meetings confirmed coding with trialists. Narrative syntheses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two trials reporting 37 active intervention arms were included. Interventions targeted a range of behaviours. The most frequent combination was targeting all parental behaviour domains (infant [milk] feeding, food provision and parent feeding, movement, sleep health; n[intervention arms] = 15/37). Delivery features varied considerably. Most interventions were delivered by a health professional (n = 26/36), included facilitator training (n = 31/36), and were interactive (n = 28/36). Overall, 49 of 93 unique BCTs were coded to at least one target behaviour domain. The most frequently coded BCTs were: Instruction on how to perform a behaviour (n[intervention arms, separated by domain] = 102), Behavioural practice and rehearsal (n = 85), Information about health consequences (n = 85), Social support (unspecified) (n = 84), and Credible source (n = 77). Similar BCTs were often used for each target behaviour domain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides the most comprehensive description of the behaviour change content of complex interventions targeting early childhood obesity prevention available to date. Our analysis revealed that interventions targeted multiple behaviour domains, with significant variation in delivery features. Despite the diverse range of BCTs coded, five BCTs were consistently identified across domains, though certain BCTs were more prevalent in specific domains. These findings can be used to examine effectiveness of components and inform intervention development and evaluation in future trials.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020177408.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New job, new habits? A multilevel interrupted time series analysis of changes in diet, physical activity and sleep among young adults starting work for the first time.","authors":"Alena F Oxenham, Tanya Braune, Esther van Sluijs, Hannah Fairbrother, Adam Martin, Eleanor M Winpenny","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01682-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01682-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The workplace is an important determinant of health that people are exposed to for the first-time during adolescence or early adulthood. This study investigates how diet, physical activity, and sleep change as people aged 16-30 years transition into work and whether this varies for different individuals and job types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multilevel linear regression models assessed changes in fruit and vegetable intake, sleep duration, and physical activity among 3,302 UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) participants aged 16-30 years, who started work for the first time between 2015 and 2023. In line with interrupted time series analysis, models assessed behavioural trends in the period before starting work, the immediate effect of starting work, and changes in behaviour over time after employment. Stratified analyses examined differences by selected individual and job characteristics, adjusted for covariates. All analyses were conducted in R v.4.3.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sleep duration was stable over the years before and after starting work, but starting work was associated with an immediate reduction in sleep duration (β[Formula: see text]-9.74 [95% CI:-17.32 to -2.17 min/night). Physical activity, measured in Metabolic Equivalent Tasks (METs), increased immediately after starting work (β = 113.3, [95% CI: 80.49 to 146.11] MET-min/day), but subsequently decreased over time after starting work (β= -26.7, [95% CI: -40.75 to -12.66] MET-min/day/year). The increase in physical activity was greater among males, among those with no degree and among those starting lower socioeconomic classification jobs. Starting a \"work from home\" job had an immediate negative effect on physical activity (β= -126.42 [95% CI: -264.45 to 11.61] MET-min/day), whereas those who worked at their employer's premises showed an initial increase (β = 128.81 [95% CI: 89.46 to 168.16] MET-min/day). Starting work had little influence on fruit and vegetable consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to examine how diet, physical activity, and sleep in young adults change as they start employment in the UK. Starting work is associated with decreased sleep time and increased physical activity, with differences based on sociodemographic and job characteristics. Future research should consider these potential influences of the work environment when developing interventions to promote healthy behaviour in the workplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of physical activity on depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal transition and menopause: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Hongyu Yue, Yijiao Yang, Fangfang Xie, Jiahe Cui, Yang Li, Mengran Si, Shanshan Li, Fei Yao","doi":"10.1186/s12966-025-01712-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-025-01712-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression and anxiety may significantly affect women in the menopausal transition and menopause. In addition to traditional treatment strategies such as hormone therapy, antidepressants, and psychotherapy, physical activity (PA) have been increasingly studied, but there is no consensus about their role in menopausal women with depression and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of PA on the severity of depressive (DS) and anxiety (AS) symptoms in women during the menopausal transition and menopause.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for relevant published studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL prior to 8 April 2024, focusing on randomized controlled trials documenting the effect of physical activity on DS and AS, and assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data used for meta-analysis were derived from 21 studies (DS, n = 9; AS, n = 1; DS and AS combined, n = 11) involving 2020 participants. The results showed that PA groups demonstrated a statistically significant effect of depressive symptoms versus controls (DS [SMD: -0.66, 95% CI: -0.99 to -0.33; P < 0.001]; AS [SMD: -0.55, 95% CI: -0.82 to -0.27; P < 0.001]). As subgroup analyses demonstrated, physical exercise also reduced depressive symptom of women in menopausal status (SMD =-0.56, 95% CI: -0.96 to - 0.17, p = 0.006, I² = 69%), postmenopausal status (SMD =-0.94, 95% CI: -1.46 to - 0.42, p = 0.0004, I² = 94%), and both in menopausal transition and postmenopausal status (SMD =-0.30, 95% CI: -0.49 to - 0.12, p = 0.001, I² = 0%), while it only reduced anxiety symptom of postmenopausal women (SMD =-0.96, 95% CI: -1.49 to - 0.43, p = 0.0004, I² = 89%). Low-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise both produced increasingly benefits over depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, there is no statistically significant effect of exercise intensity on both depressive symptom and anxiety symptom.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical activities with low to moderate intensity can impart remarkable improvements for managing menopausal women with depression and anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of movement behaviors on preschoolers' cognition: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Catalina Pacheco, Victoria Culkin, Amelia Putkaradze, Nan Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12966-025-01705-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-025-01705-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Movement behaviors, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep, are fundamental to early childhood development. These behaviors interact dynamically within a 24-hour period, creating a complex balance that influences not only physical health but also cognitive and emotional well-being in young children. While the physical health benefits of movement behaviors are well-documented, systematic evaluations of how interventions targeting these behaviors affect cognitive development in preschool-aged children remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review was guided through PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the impact of interventions targeting PA, SB, and sleep on cognitive outcomes in preschool-aged children. A comprehensive search was performed across five databases: PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL, covering studies published between January 2000 and December 2023. Eligible studies were those that focused on at least one movement behavior, had a minimum intervention duration of four weeks, and assessed cognitive development as a primary outcome. The cognitive outcomes evaluated included executive function, attention, memory, and other key domains critical to early childhood development, such as language, processing speed, and social cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two RCTs (14 individual, 8 cluster) met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 21 studies focused on PA, while only one targeted SB, and none specifically addressed sleep or combined movement behaviors. PA interventions, particularly those involving cognitively engaging activities, significantly improved cognitive domains such as executive function, inhibition, and attention, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large (Cohen's d > 0.5). The SB-focused study did not report significant cognitive improvements. A clear gap exists in understanding the effects of sleep and multi-behavior interventions on cognitive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitively engaging PA interventions demonstrated the largest effects, while motor skill-focused and general PA programs produced moderate to smaller gains. Evidence on SB and sleep interventions remains limited, with no studies exploring the combined effects of these three movement behaviors. Future research should focus on integrated interventions that address PA, SB, and sleep to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of their collective impact on cognitive development in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered with PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42023479156.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From physical activity patterns to cognitive status: development and validation of novel digital biomarkers for cognitive assessment in older adults.","authors":"Ling-Jie Fan, Feng-Yi Wang, Jun-Han Zhao, Jun-Jie Zhang, Yang-An Li, Jia Tang, Tao Lin, Quan Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12966-025-01706-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-025-01706-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the associations between signal-level physical activity (PA) features derived from wrist accelerometry data and cognitive status in older adults, and to evaluate their potential predictive value when combined with demographics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed PA data from 3,363 older adults (NHATS: n = 747; NHANES: n = 2,616), with each participant contributing a complete 3-day continuous activity sequence. We extracted the most relevant PA features associated with cognitive function using feature engineering and recursive feature elimination. Demographic characteristics were also incorporated, and multimodal data fusion was achieved through canonical correlation analysis. We then developed explainable machine learning models, primarily random forest, optimized with hyperparameters, to predict individual cognitive function status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using recursive feature elimination, we identified the top 20 PA features from each dataset and combined them with demographic features for modeling. The models achieved AUCs of 0.84 and 0.80 for NHATS and NHANES. Change quantiles and FFT coefficients emerged as the consistently top-ranked PA features across datasets, ranking 1st and 2nd respectively in their predictive importance for cognitive function. Models based on the top 10 PA features common to both datasets, along with demographic features, achieved AUCs above 0.8.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies novel time-frequency domain features of physical activity that show robust associations with cognitive status across two independent cohorts. These features, particularly those capturing activity variability and rhythmicity, provide complementary information beyond traditional cumulative PA measures. Based on these findings, we developed a proof-of-concept application that demonstrates the feasibility of translating these PA analytics into practical monitoring tools in real-world settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of group communication norms on daily steps in a team-based financial incentive mobile phone intervention in Shanghai, China.","authors":"Yingnan Jia, Yingcheng Xiao, Hao Chen, Klaus Gebel, Chengshu Li, Shuangyuan Sun, Qinping Yang, Siyuan Wang, Li Zhang, Jing Wang, Minna Cheng, Dantong Gu, Yan Shi, Ding Ding","doi":"10.1186/s12966-025-01707-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-025-01707-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobile technology offers great potential for physical activity promotion, especially by facilitating online communication, however, the impact of group communication norms on intervention effectiveness remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect on daily steps of a team-based social norms-related intervention using a mobile application.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 13-week quasi-experimental study was conducted in Shanghai, China, from September to November 2019, involving 2,985 employees from 32 worksites. For the intervention group (n = 2,049), participants set a goal of 10,000 steps per day. The teams and individual members would receive points for meeting the daily goal, contributing to team-based rankings and financial rewards for the teams and their members. In addition, the intervention teams created dedicated WeChat groups to facilitate communication, which were also used to collect group chat messages. The communication type in these groups was classified into four types: (1) nudging - encouraging team members to be more active, (2) sharing - exchanging the completion of daily step goals, (3) feedback - providing responses or suggestions to team members, and (4) other -diverse topics that could not be classified otherwise. The control group only tracked their steps online.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weekly average steps of the intervention group increased by 2,523 steps, while the control group increased by 470 steps. In the first 3 weeks of follow-up, the frequency of nudging of 7-18 times/week had a positive cumulative effect on the step counts. Sharing more than 3 times/week had a positive cumulative effect. Over 6 and 13 weeks of follow-up, nudging 19 times/week or more had a positive cumulative effect while sharing and feedback at any frequency negatively affected average weekly steps.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Communication types within a team affected team-based step counts in a financial incentive intervention. The team-level social norms related to communications might have different cumulative effects on team-level physical activity. 'nudging' messages had a significant association with the change in individual-level step counts in the medium or long term.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Pilot Project of the application of walking incentive technology in occupational groups, 2019, ChiCTR1900023813. Registered 13 June 2019,  https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=39858 .</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'It's about collaboration': a whole-systems approach to understanding and promoting movement in Suffolk.","authors":"A J Brinkley, K M Cusimano, P Freeman, R Southall-Edwards, V F Gladwell","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01688-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01688-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population-levels of physical activity have remained stagnant for years. Previous approaches to modify behaviour have broadly neglected the importance of whole-systems approaches. Our research aimed to (i) understand, (ii) map, (iii) identify the leverage points, and (iv) develop solutions surrounding participation in physical activity across an English rural county.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systems-consortium of partners from regional and local government, charities, providers, deliverers, advocacy groups, and health and social care, and public health engaged in our research, which consisted of two-phases. Within Phase 1, we used secondary data, insight-work, a narrative review, participatory workshops, and interviews in a pluralistic style to map the system-representing physical activity. Phase 2 began with an initial analysis using markers from social network analysis and the Action Scales Model. This analysis informed a participatory workshop, to identify leverage points, and develop solutions for change within the county.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systems-map is constructed from biological, financial, and psychological individual factors, interpersonal factors, systems partners, built, natural and social environmental factors, and policy and structural factors. Our initial analysis found 13 leverage points to review within our participatory workshop. When appraised by the group, (i) local governing policies, (ii) shared policies, strategies, vision, and working relationships, (iii) shared facilities (school, sport, community, recreation), and (iv) funding were deemed most important to change. Within group discussions, participants stressed the importance and challenges associated with shared working relationships, a collective vision, and strategy, the role of funding, and management of resources. Actions to leverage change included raising awareness with partners beyond the system, sharing policies, resources, insight, evidence, and capacity, and collaborating to co-produce a collective vision and strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance and provide insight into the early phase of a whole-systems approach to promoting physical activity. Our whole-systems approach within Suffolk needs to consider methods to (i) grow and maintain the systems-consortium, (ii) create a sustainable means to map the system and identify leverage points within it, and (iii) monitor and evaluate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global, regional, and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus attributable to low physical activity from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Jiehua Wei, Luying Fan, Zixuan He, Senmao Zhang, Ying Zhang, Xidi Zhu, Fan Xia, Xinli Song, Lizhang Chen, Zhiyong Zou, Tingting Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12966-025-01709-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-025-01709-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low physical activity (LPA) is a leading risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examine the temporal and spatial trends in the burden of T2DM attributable to LPA at the global, regional, and country scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The numbers of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of LPA-related T2DM, and the corresponding age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) were compared across regions and countries by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). The annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in the ASMR or ASDR were calculated to quantify temporal trends from 1990 to 2021. We also quantified the relationship between SDI and the ASMR and ASDR of T2DM attributable to LPA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, the number of T2DM deaths and DALYs attributable to LPA were approximately 0.15 million and 5.52 million respectively in 2021, which more than doubled compared to 1990. Over the past 32 years, the global EAPCs of ASMR and ASDR were 0.26 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.31) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.02), respectively. The ASMR or ASDR had a reverse U-shaped relationship with the SDI, with the most severe burden observed in the low-middle and middle SDI regions. The age group older than 60 years had the highest rate of DALYs for LPA-related T2DM in 2021, while the 25-44 age group showed the largest increase between 1990 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the past 32 years, the global burden of LPA-related T2DM has continued to increase at an alarming rate in almost all countries, particularly in regions with low-middle and middle SDI. Substantial increases in national action are urgently needed to target elder populations especially in low-middle and middle SDI regions, and special efforts should be made to promote physical activity in young adults with LPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of physical activity interventions on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Ruiyuan Tao, Yijian Yang, Mark Wilson, Jeremy R Chang, Chang Liu, Cindy H P Sit","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01702-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01702-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Physical activity (PA) interventions have been shown to yield positive effects on cognitive functions. However, it is unclear which type of PA intervention is the most effective in children and adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different types of PA interventions on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with NDDs, with additional analyses examining intervention effects across specific NDD types including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, seven databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, APA PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) for randomized controlled trials from database inception to September 2023 were searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of PA intervention with any non-pharmacological treatment or control group on cognitive functions in children and adolescents diagnosed with NDDs aged 5-17 years were included. Frequentist network meta-analyses were performed based on standardized mean differences (SMD) using random effects models to examine post-intervention differences in cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and executive functions. Intervention dropout was assessed as a measure of treatment acceptability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty-one randomized controlled trials (n = 1,403, mean age 10.0 ± 1.9 years) with 66 arms were included in the network. Mind-body exercise (MBE; SMD = 1.91 for attention; 0.92 for executive functions), exergaming (SMD = 1.58 for attention; 0.97 for memory; 0.94 for executive functions), and multi-component physical activity (MPA; SMD = 0.79 for executive functions) were associated with moderate to substantial cognitive improvements compared with usual care, whereas the effectiveness of aerobic exercise (AE) was non-significant. Exergaming (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI 0.12 to 1.45) and MPA (SMD = 0.64, 95%CI 0.11 to 1.18) were more effective than AE for executive functions. When analyzing specific NDD types, exergaming lost its superiority over usual care for attention and memory in ADHD, nor for executive functions in ASD. Instead, MPA demonstrated significant benefits across these domains and populations. The certainty of evidence for these comparisons was very low to low. No significant differences in acceptability were observed among MBE, exergaming, and MPA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings in this study suggest that MBE, exergaming, and MPA were effective interventions for improving domain-specific cognitive functions in children and adolescents with NDDs. AE demonstrated non-significant effectiveness for all outcomes. MBE emerges as particularly advantageous for attention. MPA yielded consistent improvements in memory and executive functions across NDD types. Further high-quality randomized controlled tr","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-life physical activity, midlife-to-late-life activity patterns, APOE ε4 genotype, and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: a population-based observational study.","authors":"Xunying Zhao, Xueyao Wu, Tianpei Ma, Jinyu Xiao, Xin Chen, Mingshuang Tang, Li Zhang, Tao Zhang, Mengyu Fan, Jiaqiang Liao, Ben Zhang, Xia Jiang, Jiayuan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01691-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01691-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although physical activity (PA) has been linked to cognitive health, the nuanced relationships between different dimensions of PA and cognitive impairment remain inconclusive. This study investigated associations between late-life PA levels, midlife-to-late-life activity patterns, and cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults, considering potential moderation by apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed baseline data from 6,899 participants (median age 68 years, 55.78% female) in the West China Health and Aging Cohort study, with 6,575 participants having APOE genotyping data. Late-life PA and midlife-to-late-life activity patterns were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and a standardized question, respectively. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to low PA level, moderate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55 ~ 0.99) and high PA levels (OR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.48 ~ 0.75) were associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment. Engaging in work-, transport-, recreation-related, and moderate-intensity PA were each significantly associated with lower cognitive impairment risk. Maintaining activity levels from midlife to late life was associated with lower cognitive impairment risk compared to decreasing levels (OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.60 ~ 0.94). These associations were more pronounced in APOE ε4 non-carriers, with an interaction observed between APOE ε4 genotype and recreation-related PA (P-value = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscore the multifaceted benefits of PA in mitigating cognitive impairment risk among older Chinese adults. Public health strategies should focus on promoting overall late-life PA levels, especially moderate-intensity PA, and maintaining activity levels comparable to midlife, with potential for personalized interventions based on genetic risk profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11720804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}