International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity最新文献

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of physical activity interventions on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Ruiyuan Tao, Yijian Yang, Mark Wilson, Jeremy R Chang, Chang Liu, Cindy H P Sit","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01702-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01702-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity (PA) interventions have been shown to yield positive effects on cognitive functions. However, it is unclear which type of PA intervention is the most effective in children and adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs). This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different types of PA interventions on cognitive functions in children and adolescents with NDDs, with additional analyses examining intervention effects across specific NDD types including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this systematic review and network meta-analysis, seven databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, APA PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) for randomized controlled trials from database inception to September 2023 were searched. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of PA intervention with any non-pharmacological treatment or control group on cognitive functions in children and adolescents diagnosed with NDDs aged 5-17 years were included. Frequentist network meta-analyses were performed based on standardized mean differences (SMD) using random effects models to examine post-intervention differences in cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and executive functions. Intervention dropout was assessed as a measure of treatment acceptability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one randomized controlled trials (n = 1,403, mean age 10.0 ± 1.9 years) with 66 arms were included in the network. Mind-body exercise (MBE; SMD = 1.91 for attention; 0.92 for executive functions), exergaming (SMD = 1.58 for attention; 0.97 for memory; 0.94 for executive functions), and multi-component physical activity (MPA; SMD = 0.79 for executive functions) were associated with moderate to substantial cognitive improvements compared with usual care, whereas the effectiveness of aerobic exercise (AE) was non-significant. Exergaming (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI 0.12 to 1.45) and MPA (SMD = 0.64, 95%CI 0.11 to 1.18) were more effective than AE for executive functions. When analyzing specific NDD types, exergaming lost its superiority over usual care for attention and memory in ADHD, nor for executive functions in ASD. Instead, MPA demonstrated significant benefits across these domains and populations. The certainty of evidence for these comparisons was very low to low. No significant differences in acceptability were observed among MBE, exergaming, and MPA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings in this study suggest that MBE, exergaming, and MPA were effective interventions for improving domain-specific cognitive functions in children and adolescents with NDDs. AE demonstrated non-significant effectiveness for all outcomes. MBE emerges as particularly advantageous for attention. MPA yielded consistent improvements in memory and executive functions across NDD types. Further high-quality randomized controlled tr","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-life physical activity, midlife-to-late-life activity patterns, APOE ε4 genotype, and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: a population-based observational study.","authors":"Xunying Zhao, Xueyao Wu, Tianpei Ma, Jinyu Xiao, Xin Chen, Mingshuang Tang, Li Zhang, Tao Zhang, Mengyu Fan, Jiaqiang Liao, Ben Zhang, Xia Jiang, Jiayuan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01691-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01691-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although physical activity (PA) has been linked to cognitive health, the nuanced relationships between different dimensions of PA and cognitive impairment remain inconclusive. This study investigated associations between late-life PA levels, midlife-to-late-life activity patterns, and cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults, considering potential moderation by apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed baseline data from 6,899 participants (median age 68 years, 55.78% female) in the West China Health and Aging Cohort study, with 6,575 participants having APOE genotyping data. Late-life PA and midlife-to-late-life activity patterns were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and a standardized question, respectively. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to low PA level, moderate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55 ~ 0.99) and high PA levels (OR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.48 ~ 0.75) were associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment. Engaging in work-, transport-, recreation-related, and moderate-intensity PA were each significantly associated with lower cognitive impairment risk. Maintaining activity levels from midlife to late life was associated with lower cognitive impairment risk compared to decreasing levels (OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.60 ~ 0.94). These associations were more pronounced in APOE ε4 non-carriers, with an interaction observed between APOE ε4 genotype and recreation-related PA (P-value = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscore the multifaceted benefits of PA in mitigating cognitive impairment risk among older Chinese adults. Public health strategies should focus on promoting overall late-life PA levels, especially moderate-intensity PA, and maintaining activity levels comparable to midlife, with potential for personalized interventions based on genetic risk profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11720804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taking a partnership approach to embed physical activity in local policy and practice: a Bradford District case study.","authors":"Jennifer Hall, Elliot Lever, Nathan Dawkins, Emma Young, Jamie Crowther, Rachel Williams, John Pickavance, Sally Barber, Andy Daly-Smith, Anna Chalkley","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01704-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-024-01704-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Supportive policy is an important component of a whole-systems approach to increasing physical activity and reducing inequalities. There is a growing body of literature surrounding the design and effectiveness of national policy approaches to physical activity, but evidence related to local-level approaches is lacking. The aim of this study was to examine 'what works', and identify factors underpinning change, focused on work to embed physical activity in local policy and practice in Bradford, UK.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods case study approach involved collecting data from cross-sectoral stakeholders directly or indirectly engaged in the physical activity agenda in Bradford over a period of three years (2021-2024). Data collection included focus groups, semi-structured interviews, researcher observations of key workshops and meetings, and surveys at two time-points (December 2021 and January 2024). Qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were identified which embody conditions that appear to be critical for working towards physical activity being embedded in local policy & practice within the Bradford District. These included: collaboration and sector integration, co-productive working, governance and leadership, and cultivating a learning culture. The process of co-producing a district-wide strategy for physical activity was key to facilitating shared ownership of the physical activity agenda across different levels of the system, and for supporting and maintaining cross-sectoral collaboration. On average, survey respondents connected with four more local organisations in relation to the physical activity agenda in January 2024 than in December 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taking a partnership approach, and fostering a culture of evidence-informed decision making, is key to embedding physical activity into policy and practice at a local level. Investing time to understand the aims and values of each partner, and potential synergies and tensions between them, can support the development of a positive and productive collaboration and, subsequently, more effective whole-system delivery and population-level increases in physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From dusk to dawn: examining how adolescents engage with digital media using objective measures of screen time in a repeated measures study.","authors":"Bradley Brosnan, Kim A Meredith-Jones, Jillian J Haszard, Shay-Ruby Wickham, Barbara C Galland, Takiwai Russell-Camp, Rachael W Taylor","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01698-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01698-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although evening screen time is thought to impair subsequent sleep, current measures are limited to questionnaires which seem unlikely to accurately assess screen time in youth. Given the ubiquitous nature of digital devices, improving measurement of screen time is required before related health effects can be appropriately determined. The aim of this study was to objectively quantify screen time before sleep using video camera footage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This repeated-measures observational study in healthy adolescents (11-14 years) from Dunedin, New Zealand measured screen time on four evenings over one week in the home environment from March-December 2021. Wearable and stationary PatrolEyes video cameras captured screen time from two hours before bedtime until sleep and manually coded for device type (phone, tablet, laptop computer, desktop computer, handheld gaming console, gaming console, television and other) and screen activity (watching, listening, reading, educational/creative, browsing, communication, social media, video gaming, multitasking) using a reliable coding schedule (κ ≥ 0.8). Descriptive findings are reported.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among the 83 participants (mean 12.3 [SD 1.0] years, 42% female, 52% New Zealand European, 37% Māori [indigenous]), 82 used screens in the two hours before bed on 308 of 344 (90%) nights for a mean of 54.4 min (SD 25.5). Televisions (median 37 min, 56% of nights), phones (19 min, 64% nights), and multitasking using multiple devices (19 min, 48% nights) were most commonly used (> 75% of adolescents). Once in bed but before trying to sleep, 58% of adolescents engaged in screen time for 17 (26.3) minutes on 36% of nights. The most common screen activities were watching (32.5%), social media (26.5%) and communication (20.5%). Even after attempting sleep, 32.5% of participants used screens for 8.0 min (median) on 16% of nights, mostly listening on phones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Objective video cameras offer detailed insight into evening screen habits, capturing frequency, content, and duration. Youth frequently engage with screens before bed and throughout the night on a range of activities, despite recommendations to restrict screen time prior to sleep.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (anzctr.org.au), AACTRN12621000193875, Registered 23 February 2021, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380926&isReview=true .</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study assessing barriers and facilitators to the sustainability of physical activity and nutrition interventions in early childhood education and care settings.","authors":"Noor Imad, Alix Hall, Nicole Nathan, Adam Shoesmith, Nicole Pearson, Melanie Lum, Alice Grady, Erin Nolan, Serene Yoong","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01699-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01699-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective evidence-based physical activity and nutrition interventions to prevent overweight and obesity and support healthy child development need to be sustained within Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) services. Despite this, little is known about factors that influence sustainability of these programs in ECEC settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the factors related to sustainability of physical activity and nutrition interventions in ECEC settings and examine their association with ECEC service characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was undertaken with a nationally representative sample of 473 Australian ECEC services. Factors related to the sustainability of ECEC-based physical activity and nutrition interventions were assessed using the validated Integrated Measure of PRogram Element SuStainability in Childcare Settings (IMPRESS-C), measuring Outer Contextual Factors, Inner Contextual Factors, Processes and Characteristics of the Intervention domains for interventions that supervisors reported as currently implementing. Participants responded using a 5-point Likert scale, with responses ranging from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Domain scores were calculated for each service by averaging item responses. Linear regression models between ECEC service characteristics and the IMPRESS-C domains were undertaken.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 473 Australian childcare services nationally found that the domains: Processes ( <math><mover><mi>x</mi> <mo>¯</mo></mover> </math> =3.78, SD = 0.64), consisting of partnership/engagement and training/support/supervision; and Outer Contextual Factors ( <math><mover><mi>x</mi> <mo>¯</mo></mover> </math> =3.93, SD = 0.63), including policy and legislation, and socio-political context had the lowest mean scores indicating they may likely be barriers to sustainability. Linear regression analyses revealed no statistically significant associations between examined factors and ECEC service characteristics. There was a statistically significant association between the number of years services delivered their interventions and the Characteristics of the Intervention domain (p = 0.035) suggesting that this domain may influence sustainability of programs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that factors related to the Processes and Outer Contextual Factors domains had the lowest scores and as such, strategies to support the sustainability of physical activity and nutrition interventions implemented in ECEC settings may need to consider how to best address these factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between class-level factors and student physical activity during physical education lessons in China.","authors":"Yulan Zhou, Lijuan Wang, Ruzhuan Chen, Bingnan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01703-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01703-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study is to explore the association between class-level factors, such as lesson start time, class size, lesson location, PE content, and PE context, and student engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during PE lessons in both elementary and middle schools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 284 PE lessons from ten schools in Shanghai, Eastern China, were included in the study. Students' MVPA during PE lessons was recorded using accelerometry, and lesson context was evaluated using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT). Mixed linear regression analysis was applied to assess the association between class-level factors and MVPA during elementary and middle school PE lessons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students in elementary school spent 40.3 ± 8.1% of PE lesson time in MVPA, while middle school students spent 40.5 ± 7.1%. Significant relationships were found between MVPA and class-level factors like lesson location, PE content, and PE context. Specifically, elementary school students recorded a higher percentage of MVPA during lessons with team games, individual games, individual activities, and more time spent on skill practice and game play context. In middle schools, higher MVPA was connected to outdoor lessons, a focus on individual games, and more time devoted to fitness context.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Class-level factors may affect students' MVPA differently depending on the school level, and these modifiable factors should be targeted to increase MVPA time in elementary and middle school PE classes. Future studies should investigate ways to modify these factors, strategically plan lesson time across different contexts, and optimizing PE content to boost MVPA in PE lessons.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"22 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Adapting the planetary health diet index for children and adolescents.","authors":"Carolina Venegas Hargous, Liliana Orellana, Claudia Strugnell, Camila Corvalan, Steven Allender, Colin Bell","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01690-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01690-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"21 1","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of an online food shopping intervention to reduce salt purchases among individuals with hypertension - findings of the SaltSwitch Online Grocery Shopping (OGS) randomised trial.","authors":"Jason Hy Wu, Damian Maganja, Liping Huang, Kathy Trieu, Fraser Taylor, Eden M Barrett, Clare Arnott, Xiaoqi Feng, Aletta E Schutte, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Adrian J Cameron, Mark D Huffman, Bruce Neal","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01700-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01700-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Online grocery shopping is a growing source of food purchases in many countries. We investigated the effect of nudging consumers towards purchases of lower sodium products using a web browser extension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This trial was conducted among individuals with hypertension who shopped for their groceries online in Australia. From July 2021 to June 2023, participants were randomised to use the SaltSwitch Online Grocery Shopping web browser extension or continue their usual grocery shopping for 12 weeks. The SaltSwitch extension modified a retailer's online shopping interface to suggest similar but lower sodium alternative products to those initially selected. The primary outcome was the difference in mean sodium density (mg sodium per 1000 kcal of energy) of packaged food purchases between the intervention and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We randomised 185 participants of average age 56.0 (SD 11.0) years. Most were women (64%), White (89%), had BMI > 25 kg/m² (91%), and were taking anti-hypertensive medication (83%). Demographic and medical characteristics were similar across the randomised groups. 182 (98%) completed the trial. Over the 12-week intervention, the sodium density of groceries purchased by the intervention group compared to the control group was 204 mg/1000 kcal lower (95%CI, -352 to -56) (P = 0.01). The reduction in sodium density of purchases was apparent in weeks 1-4 and sustained through the end of the trial. 86% of participants in the intervention group made at least one switch to a lower sodium product. There were no detectable effects on blood pressure, spot urine sodium concentration, or other secondary outcomes across the 12-week study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Online shopping platforms provide a novel opportunity to support purchases of lower sodium foods. While the reductions in sodium density of purchases were moderate in size, population health benefits could nonetheless be large if they were sustained over time and at scale, with large and growing numbers of online grocery shoppers and a high prevalence of elevated blood pressure amongst adults.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ACTRN12621000642886.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"21 1","pages":"148"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of using continuous glucose monitoring as a behaviour change tool in populations with and without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Kelli M Richardson, Michelle R Jospe, Lauren C Bohlen, Jacob Crawshaw, Ahlam A Saleh, Susan M Schembre","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01692-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01692-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) holds potential as a precision public health intervention, offering personalised insights into how diet and physical activity affect glucose levels. Nevertheless, the efficacy of using CGM in populations with and without diabetes to support behaviour change and behaviour-driven outcomes remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether using CGM-based feedback to support behaviour change affects glycaemic, anthropometric, and behavioural outcomes in adults with and without diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Elsevier Embase, EBSCOhost PsycINFO, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global were searched through January 2024. Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials in adults that implemented CGM-based feedback in at least one study arm compared to a control without CGM feedback. Dual screening, data extraction, and bias assessment were conducted independently. Mean differences in outcomes between intervention and comparison groups were analysed using generic inverse variance models and random effects. Robustness of pooled estimates from random-effects models was considered with sensitivity and subgroup analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five clinical trials with 2996 participants were included. Most studies were conducted in adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 17/25; 68%), followed by type 1 diabetes (n = 3/25, 12%), gestational diabetes (n = 3/25, 12%), and obesity (n = 3/25, 12%). Eleven (44%) studies reported CGM-affiliated conflicts of interest. Interventions incorporating CGM-based feedback reduced HbA1c by 0.28% (95% CI 0.15, 0.42, p < 0.001; I² = 88%), and increased time in range by 7.4% (95% CI 2.0, 12.8, p < 0.008; I² = 80.5%) compared to arms without CGM, with non-significant effects on time above range, BMI, and weight. Sensitivity analyses showed consistent mean differences in HbA1c across different conditions, and differences between subgroups were non-significant. Only 4/25 studies evaluated the effect of CGM on dietary changes; 5/25 evaluated physical activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This evidence synthesis found favourable, though modest, effects of CGM-based feedback on glycaemic control in adults with and without diabetes. Further research is needed to establish the behaviours and behavioural mechanisms driving the observed effects across diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>CRD42024514135.</p>","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"21 1","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: National school food standards in England: a cross-sectional study to explore compliance in secondary schools and impact on pupil nutritional intake.","authors":"Miranda Pallan, Marie Murphy, Breanna Morrison, Alice Sitch, Ashley Adamson, Suzanne Bartington, Alexandra Dobell, Rhona Duff, Emma Frew, Tania Griffin, Kiya Hurley, Emma Lancashire, Louise McLeman, Sandra Passmore, Irina Pokhilenko, Maisie Rowland, Vahid Ravaghi, Suzanne Spence, Peymane Adab","doi":"10.1186/s12966-024-01696-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12966-024-01696-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity","volume":"21 1","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}