Bulletin of Materials Science最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of mechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/hollow glass microspheres – carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy composites in transverse fibre directions","authors":"K Tejasvi,&nbsp;D Vignesh,&nbsp;V J Jayashree,&nbsp;P Sundar Singh","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03346-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03346-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Combining exceptional crushing strength of hollow glass microspheres (HGM) with reinforcing properties of carbon nanotubes as well as carbon fibres with epoxy resins results in a design poised to meet the demand for advanced, lightweight and high strength materials required in a variety of industries, such as aerospace and automotive, particularly, in the manufacture of composite rocket motor casings. In this study, unidirectional laminates of HGM/multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs)/carbon-epoxy (CE) composites (samples nomenclature A–F) of varying wt.% of HGM and constant 0.1 wt.% of MWCNTs by filament winding technique were fabricated and subsequently cured. The HGM (iM16K) was varied as 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 wt.% by maintaining a constant concentration of 0.1 wt.% of MWCNTs. The hardener, fine hard (FH5200) was utilized in combination with epoxy resin (Epofine 1555). The epoxy resin was heated to 60°C after the fillers were added. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential mechanical analyzer and thermal mechanical analyzer were used to estimate the thermal stability, glass transition temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), respectively. HGM and MWCNTs dispersion in the fracture samples caused by transverse tensile loading was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The effect of variation of HGM and 0.1 wt.% constant MWCNTs on tensile and compressive properties in transverse fibre directions of these composites has been investigated. Transverse tensile strength and tensile modulus were improved by 29.07 and 12.33%, respectively, up on the addition of 0.2 wt.% of HGM and 0.1 wt.% of MWCNTs in CE composite. The other findings indicated that &gt; 0.2 wt.% HGM along with constant concentration of MWCNTs had decreasing effect on transverse tensile strength, modulus and compressive strength. The MWCNTs agglomeration was identified as the cause of these mechanical property degradations. The addition of HGM and MWCNTs decreased the CTE of the composite and increased the glass transition temperature as HGM limits the thermal motions of the epoxy polymer chain’s molecular segments. The HGM/MWCNTs/CE composite was shown to be thermally stable up to 310°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of chemical network, electronic environments and electrochemical performance of Fe3O4/ZnO/rGO nanocomposites","authors":"Sumitra Dutta,&nbsp;Aishwarya Madhuri,&nbsp;Sanketa Jena,&nbsp;Bibhu P Swain","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03353-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03353-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study synthesized reduced graphene oxide-reinforced iron oxide and zinc oxide (Fe₃O₄/ZnO/rGO) nanocomposites with varying ZnO content using a facile chemical reduction method for energy storage application. The scanning electron microscope reveals that the grain size of Fe₃O₄/ZnO/rGO varied between 8 and 17.09 µm on the surface of the graphene sheet. The (101) and (102) planes were at 36.42 and 47.03°, respectively, confirming the ZnO wurtzite hexagonal structure. The crystallite size and lattice strain varied from 14.18 to 19.37 nm and 0.0018 to 0.0093, respectively, estimated from the Williamson–Hall plot with 60, 70, and 80 wt.% ZnO content. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that the Fe and Zn contents varied from 21.5 to 24.48 at.% and 37.93 to 40.65 at.%, respectively. The C1s core orbital binding energy indicated the presence of C-Zn, C-Fe, and C-O-/C=O functional groups. Dominance of s-orbital in the valence band is observed in all Fe₃O₄/ZnO/rGO nanocomposites, and <i>p</i>-orbital is dominant in the valence band of pure rGO. The structural defect study in Raman shows that the defect parameter (I_D/I_G) varied from 0.28 to 0.38 with 60, 70, and 80 wt.% ZnO content, indicating an increase in defects with increasing 60 to 80 wt.% ZnO content in Fe₃O₄/ZnO/rGO network. The cyclic voltammetry showed that the specific capacitances for 70 and 80 wt.% ZnO content is 550 and 645 F g⁻¹, respectively, and for ZnO/rGO is 641 F g⁻¹ at 10 mV s⁻¹ scan rate, which indicates that the specific capacitance increases with the increase in ZnO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ti/TiO2 nanoneedles/AgBr heterojunction architecture as antifouling surfaces","authors":"Ananya Bose,&nbsp;Ramakrishnan Ganesan,&nbsp;Jayati Ray Dutta","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03328-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03328-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metallic surfaces endowed with antifouling characteristics are crucial in biomedical devices, frequently-contacted surfaces, food and cosmetic packaging, etc. Here, flexible Ti foil has been employed to grow TiO₂ nanoneedles, known for their exceptional properties, using a modified hydrothermal synthesis method. The established hydrothermal synthesis of TiO₂ nanoneedles employs concentrated HCl solution that completely digests the Ti foil. In the present study, concentration of HCl was lowered systematically to unearth the optimal conditions for obtaining hydrothermally grown TiO₂ nanoneedles. To make the surfaces antifouling under dark–light dual-mode conditions, deposition of varying loadings of photosensitizing AgBr was made. These nanostructures were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, respectively. Antibacterial efficacy of TiO₂/AgBr heterojunctions was evaluated under both dark and visible light conditions against two representative gram-negative bacteria, <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> DH5-α. Notably, TiO₂ nanostructures coated with 50 mg ml⁻¹ of the AgBr precursor achieved complete bacterial clearance for <i>P. fluorescens</i> within 180–240 min in the dark, while a comparable activity was observed within 90–120 min under light conditions. In the case of <i>E. coli</i> DH5-α, even a lesser loading of 30 mg ml⁻¹ was more effective. The crystal violet assay employing biofilm-forming <i>P. fluorescens</i> showed increased biofilm inhibition with higher AgBr loadings. The findings of this study highlight the multifunctional potential of the AgBr-loaded TiO₂ nanostructure as a dual-mode antibacterial coating on metallic surfaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of different expansion processes for poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) foam-reinforced with micronized graphite","authors":"Bruna Rossi Fenner,&nbsp;Matheus Vinicius Gregory Zimmermann,&nbsp;Eduardo Junca,&nbsp;Marina Kauling de Almeida,&nbsp;Lara Vasconcellos Ponsoni,&nbsp;Ademir José Zattera,&nbsp;Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03341-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03341-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) is used in numerous industries due to its versatility and increasing development of reinforced foams with a variety of fillers as well as the method of expansion, impacting the properties of foams. By varying the type and content of the incorporated filler as well as the expansion method, it is possible to obtain different cell morphologies even with low filler content in the polymer matrix. On this basis, this study reports the development of EVA foams reinforced with small amounts of micronized graphite and expanded by two expansion methods, namely thermocompression with chemical blowing agents (CBA) and expansion in an autoclave with CO₂ in supercritical state as physical blowing agent (PBA). The main results show that the presence of a small amount of graphite reduces the density of foam, significantly increases the size of cells, and consequently, reduces the number of cells per unit area. The CBA foams had a lower density than PBA foams; however, the PBA foams exhibited a more homogeneous morphological structure.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-assisted synthesis of graphene oxide–cobalt ferrite magnetic nanocomposite for water remediation","authors":"G S AMGITH,&nbsp;NIDHI PATHAK,&nbsp;RITU KUMARI PILANIA,&nbsp;MUKESH RANJAN,&nbsp;CHARU LATA DUBE","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03323-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03323-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphene oxide–cobalt ferrite magnetic nanocomposite (M-GOC) was efficiently synthesised by microwave-assisted method for water remediation. The graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by improved Hummers’ method, while cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) was synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion method. X-ray diffractograms indicated high phase-pure M-GOC with an average crystallite size of 18.5 nm. An enhancement in the absorbance was observed in the range of 220–280 nm due to the presence of additional π–π* transition of aromatic C–C bonds of GO. Appearance of a peak around 584 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching vibration of Co–O bond. Corrugated GO sheets were observed in SEM and HRTEM images with agglomerated spherical CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles intercalated between the GO sheets. A particle size distribution curve was plotted that indicated an average particle size of ~11 nm of the CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles. Raman spectra of GO confirmed the synthesis of pure GO sheets. Vibrating sample magnetometer was employed to investigate the magnetic behaviour of M-GOC, which showed a <i>M</i>_r/<i>M</i>_s ratio of 0.278. The adsorption study was performed, in which M-GOC nanocomposite exhibited an excellent adsorption capacity of 2229.9 mg g⁻¹ for heavy metal i.e., cadmium ions (Cd⁺²).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and properties of RE2HE2O7 thermal barrier ceramics designed with high-entropy at different sites","authors":"Xing Wei,&nbsp;Yang Ma,&nbsp;Feiyang Hong,&nbsp;Xuanwei Dong,&nbsp;Yanmi Wu,&nbsp;Xiaobing Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03331-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03331-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Yttria-stabilised zirconia is used as a thermal barrier coating material and is widely applied in the thermal protection field. However, its tendency to undergo phase transformation at high temperatures poses a significant challenge to the durability of these coatings. An alternative material with superior high-temperature phase stability and a high coefficient of thermal expansion is thus desirable. Rare earth zirconate, such as Gadolinium zirconate (Gd₂Zr₂O₇), has emerged as a promising candidate due to its inherent properties. High-entropy ceramics have attracted much attention due to their excellent properties. Leveraging the design principles of high-entropy systems, the structural configuration of Gd₂Zr₂O₇ has been optimised to enhance its properties. In this work, A-, B- and AB-sites of Gd₂Zr₂O₇ were designed by regulating the configurational entropy. Based on this strategy, seven types of high-entropy powders and ceramic blocks were prepared successfully. The structure and thermal properties of the as-prepared samples were investigated. The results indicate that the configurational entropy within the system and the size disorder parameter are pivotal in determining the thermal stability and thermal conductivity of the as-prepared high-entropy ceramic materials. Notably, the dual-phase high-entropy Gd₂(Ce_0.2Zr_0.2Hf_0.2Sn_0.2Ti_0.2)₂O₇ ceramic exhibits good thermal stability. The large size and mass difference between the elements results in a reduced mean free path of phonons, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity significantly. The Gd₂(Ce_0.2Zr_0.2Hf_0.2Sn_0.2Ti_0.2)₂O₇ ceramic demonstrates thermal conductivity that is substantially lower than that of Gd₂Zr₂O₇ and other high-entropy ceramics, which is as low as 0.927–0.850 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 200–800°C. These results indicate that the high-entropy Gd₂(Ce_0.2Zr_0.2Hf_0.2Sn_0.2Ti_0.2)₂O₇ is an outstanding candidate for application in thermal barrier technology and related fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Silene vulgaris callus pectin on physicochemical properties of composite hydrogel beads based on pectin and sodium metasilicate","authors":"ELENA A GÜNTER","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03334-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03334-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aim of this work is to study the effect of pectin content on the physicochemical, morphological, swelling and releasing properties of composite hydrogel beads based on pectin and sodium metasilicate (SM). Synthesis of pectin–silica composite beads was carried out using the ionotropic gelation method and sol–gel reaction of SM as a silica precursor. The entrapment efficiency of mesalazine (66–88%) and gel strength (0.86–2.10 N) increased in the pectin–silica hydrogels compared to pectin–Ca hydrogels. These parameters increased with the increase in concentration of pectin. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis showed that the silicon content was higher in the beads with an increased SM/pectin ratio (2:1). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the formation of an organic/inorganic composite, the presence of H–bonds in pectin–silica hydrogel and the loading of mesalazine into the composite gel. Composite hydrogels with the lowest amount of pectin (an organic component) showed the highest thermal stability. Pectin–silica hydrogels were less sensitive to the adsorption of gastrointestinal fluids and released mesalazine very slowly compared to pectin–Ca gels. Mesalazine release from composite gels decreased with the increase in pectin concentration and gel strength. The gel formulations with high gel strength and a low SM/pectin ratio had the lowest mesalazine release rate in the gastrointestinal environment. Mesalazine was released slowly in gastrointestinal fluids and more rapidly in colonic fluid. Synthesized pectin–silica hydrogels based on callus culture pectin, appear to be a promising composite system for targeted drug delivery to the colon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of magnesium hydroxide particles decorated Kenaf fibre on the physico-mechanical properties of polypropylene-based composites","authors":"Samanyu Acharjya,&nbsp;Shyama Prasad Mohanty","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03345-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03345-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interface between matrix and reinforcement plays a vital role in determining the mechanical properties of the composite. The surface of reinforcement can be modified to enhance the interfacial bonding. In the present work, Kenaf fiber (KF) was used as a reinforcement, while polypropylene (PP) acted as a matrix. KF was chemically treated to remove the amorphous phases thereby improving its interaction with the matrix. Further, fibres were coated with magnesium hydroxide (MH) particles. Fibre to particle ratio varied in the ratio of 100:1, 50:1, 20:1 and 10:1. For the fabrication of composites, 10 wt.% KF was used and specimens were injection moulded. Particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The moulded specimens were subjected to tensile test, impact test, water absorption test, and thermal analysis. Enhancement in mechanical properties has been observed due to improvement in interfacial bonding. Using the MH coated fibres, tensile strength and impact strength were increased by 13% and 31%, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of biodegradable packaging film based on PLA/starch: optimization via response surface methodology","authors":"Neda Miranzadeh,&nbsp;Mohsen Najafi,&nbsp;Maryam Ataeefard","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03351-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03351-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Today, economic consumption of biodegradable polymers is significant in many applications. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) and polylactic acid (PLA) are two bio-based and biodegradable polymers that are increasingly being used to replace the petrochemical-based polymers. Adding TPS into a PLA matrix can also decrease material cost and increase its biodegradation rate. This work tested the printability of TPS/PLA films. For this purpose, TPS was first prepared by the addition of sorbitol and glycerol as softeners using an internal mixer at 140°C. Then, it was added to the PLA in internal mixer at 180°C. To analyse the data, design of the experiment was done according to Box–Behnken design (BBD) method for three variables in three levels by using Design-Expert software, which led to the preparation of 15 samples. Individual and interactive effects of wt% of PLA in TPS/PLA mixture, the wt% of starch in TPS, and the ratio of sorbitol to glycerol on the tensile properties, thermal properties and printing properties (optical density) were investigated. Solvent-based flexographic ink was applied to test printability of the films. It has been found that the PLA can be successfully printed with flexographic solvent inks to achieve a quality comparable to that of common packaging films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution to the analysis of thermal behaviour of polymer composites: case of polyethylene/titanium diboride composites","authors":"A MIDOUN,&nbsp;H BENAHMED,&nbsp;S KHALDI","doi":"10.1007/s12034-024-03361-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-024-03361-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To deepen the fundamental knowledge on the effect of titanium diboride (TiB₂) particle interface on thermal conductivity of three different composites with polyethylene matrices (HDPE/TiB₂, MDPE/TiB₂ and LDPE/TiB₂), this paper is devoted to a theoretical approach on the analysis of thermal behaviour of polymer-based composites. This study is based on the Hashin and Shtrikman model, which allows us to determine the thermal conductivity considering an idealized interface between the reinforcing molecules. In addition, the Hasselman and Johnson model is used to evaluate thermal conductivity with an imperfect interface. We mainly discuss the difference between two types of interfaces with the aim of improving the thermal conductivity within the composite material used in this study without altering the mechanical and thermal behaviours. This approach creates new opportunities, especially in manufacturing, to use high-quality composite materials at low-cost and non-destructive. To this end, we have investigated the variations in the effective thermal conductivity of different composites, <i>λ</i>_eff as a function of volume fraction of the reinforcement (TiB₂). In particular, we have emphasized the study on the effective thermal conductivity of the composite, taking into account interactions at the interface between the particles and matrix. Definitely, the random dispersion of spherical particles and cylindrical particles oriented perpendicular to the heat flow is considered. The main conclusion is that the form of particles and the type of interface of the reinforcement drastically affect thermal conductivity of the system under consideration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}