Batric Babovic, Natasa Belada Babovic, Filip Tomovic, Snezana Radovanovic, Mladen Debeljevic, Jelena Djordjevic, Olgica Mihaljevic
{"title":"Association of uremic toxins and systemic inflammation with depression and anxiety among hemodialysis patients in Montenegro.","authors":"Batric Babovic, Natasa Belada Babovic, Filip Tomovic, Snezana Radovanovic, Mladen Debeljevic, Jelena Djordjevic, Olgica Mihaljevic","doi":"10.1177/00912174241298837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174241298837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the association between uremic toxins, inflammation, depression and anxiety among hemodialysis patients in Montenegro.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The cross-sectional study included 88 patients undergoing hemodialysis. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The standard laboratory methods were used to measure uremic toxins and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR)).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinically significant depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and anxiety (BAI ≥16) were found in 55.7% and 27.2%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses revealed that serum urea, beta 2-microglobulin (B2M), and systemic inflammation (CRP, NLR, PLR) were significantly and independently associated with depressive symptoms, whereas serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, B2M, and systemic inflammation (CRP nad NLR) were associated with anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Depressive symptoms and anxiety are common among hemodialysis patients in Montenegro, and are associated with increased levels of systematic inflammation, serum urea, and beta 2-microglobulin.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"912174241298837"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between allostatic load and depression in patients with sleep disorders: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).","authors":"Yiru Li, Junli Yan, Yuhong Li","doi":"10.1177/00912174241244479","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241244479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Allostatic load (AL) is an indicator of the cumulative wear and tear on the body's physiological systems that can predict onset of a range of health problems. However, the relationship between AL and depression in patients with sleep disorders is unclear. This study explored the association between AL and depression in patients with sleep disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 4618 adults aged 18 years and older in the United States were included in this cross-sectional analysis. AL was calculated using nine biological markers, with a score of ≥3 indicating a high level. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with a score of ≥10 indicating risk for depression. Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between AL and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1309 participants diagnosed with sleep disorders, 212 (16.2%) were identified as being at risk for depression on the PHQ-9. A total of 55.2% (n = 117) of depressed persons had high AL levels. In the unadjusted model, AL levels were associated with depression in those with sleep disorders (<i>OR</i>=1.53, 95% CI = 1.14-2.05, <i>p</i> < 0.01). This relationship remained significant in the adjusted model (<i>OR</i>=1.52, 95% CI=1.11-2.10, <i>p</i> < 0.05), after controlling for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High AL levels in patients with sleep disorders were positively associated with depression, indicating that elevated AL may increase the risk of depression in this population, or alternatively, depression may increase the risk of AL.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"670-684"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason Burnett, Gabrielle M Hoyumpa, Jennifer E S Beauchamp, Melba A Hernandez-Tejada, Ronald Acierno, Carla Perissinotto
{"title":"Social connection and self-neglect: A case for broader exploration.","authors":"Jason Burnett, Gabrielle M Hoyumpa, Jennifer E S Beauchamp, Melba A Hernandez-Tejada, Ronald Acierno, Carla Perissinotto","doi":"10.1177/00912174241240619","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241240619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Self-neglect (SN) is the most common report to Adult Protective Services (APS) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality risks for older adults. Lack of instrumental support is a well-evidenced etiologic factor in the development and continuation of SN, but little is known about other modifiable social connection characteristics. The social connection framework provides evidence-based characteristics across structure, function, and quality missing from SN studies that could be identified if explored. These factors could provide prevention and intervention targets related to poor health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative case study is presented using quantitative and qualitative data to explore social connection across structure, function, and quality in the context of SN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlight the complexity of social connection that may be observed in SN cases reported to APS. Strategic utilization of direct and indirect social interventions to support social connection in this case are presented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results from this case give rise to considerations that may be generalizable to other SN cases. Recommendations for future research on social connection in this population are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"644-654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flourishing, religion, and burnout among caregivers working in pediatric palliative care.","authors":"Annemarie E Oberholzer, Benjamin R Doolittle","doi":"10.1177/00912174241229926","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241229926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Providers working with children who are dying are especially prone to burnout. The enhancement of human flourishing in providers may mitigate burnout and improve quality of care. However, the relationship between job satisfaction and human flourishing has not been well studied. This project explores factors that promote human flourishing among caregivers working with children in pediatric palliative care in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of caregivers working in pediatric palliative care were invited to complete an anonymous, confidential survey . The survey also included open-ended questions to explore opinions and attitudes about job satisfaction, struggles, and coping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine people from a variety of occupations and work environments completed the survey. The prevalence of burnout was 3/29 (10%). Life satisfaction (an indicator of flourishing) was associated with private religious activities (<i>r</i> = .38, <i>P</i> < .05), and carrying religion into all aspects of life (<i>r</i> = .44, <i>P</i> < .05). Burnout was not associated with life satisfaction, although power was limited. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions revealed the following themes as factors contributing to satisfaction at work (flourishing): being able to make a difference, finding meaning and purpose, having a relationship with the children and their families, and working within the context of a multi-disciplinary team. A number of challenges to this work were also identified, including lack of resources, problems within the team, and the emotional demands of care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite job stress and the difficult work of caring for terminally ill children, several factors were associated with flourishing. These findings may help to enhance the flourishing of caregivers in the resource-challenged setting of pediatric palliative care in South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"727-739"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11453028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139566933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason Burnett, Randi Campetti, Ruthann Froberg, Jennifer Es Beauchamp, Kristin Lees-Haggerty
{"title":"Perspectives on elder mistreatment screening and responding in emergency departments: A qualitative study with survivors.","authors":"Jason Burnett, Randi Campetti, Ruthann Froberg, Jennifer Es Beauchamp, Kristin Lees-Haggerty","doi":"10.1177/00912174231225765","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231225765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Elder Mistreatment (EM) occurs in approximately 10% of older adults and is associated with trauma-related outcomes including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and early mortality. Low screening and older adult self-reporting, especially within emergency departments, represent missed opportunities for identify and mitigate future EM occurrences and consequences. To date, no studies have obtained EM survivors' perspectives on EM screening and response practices in emergency departments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews with 19 EM survivors of those with Adult Protective Services validated EM were completed in older adults' homes. The Elder Mistreatment Emergency Department Screening and Response Tool (EM-SART) was used to guide the interview questions. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative thematic analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants were mostly female (63%) and white (58%) with an average age of 74 years. Physical abuse accounted for 67% of the EM incidents. Three themes emerged indicating the survivor preference for (1) building rapport and approaching the older adult with compassion and care, (2) setting the context before asking the EM questions, and (3) allowing mutuality, collaborative work, and shared decision-making during the response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older adults are agreeable and willing to self-report and actively engage in the EM screening and response practices in the emergency department if trauma-informed care principles are utilized.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"633-643"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139405032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengyao Dai, Yuyang Zhang, Yang Chen, Long Wang, Yanghua Tian
{"title":"The association between lipid accumulation products and depression in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2005-2018.","authors":"Mengyao Dai, Yuyang Zhang, Yang Chen, Long Wang, Yanghua Tian","doi":"10.1177/00912174241265559","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241265559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between lipid accumulation products (LAP) and depression among adults in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 13,051 persons participating in the NHANES 2005-2018 cycle. The LAP index was calculated using the waist circumference (WC) and serum triglyceride (TG) levels, which reflect lipid toxicity. Participants who scored ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were considered depressed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association between the LAP index and depression. Subgroup analysis was also conducted to identify sensitive populations. Smoothed curve fitting and generalized additive model (GAM) regression were performed to verify the association between the LAP index and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for all potential confounders, the risk of depression increased with increasing LAP index (odds ratio [OR]=1.0011, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.0001-1.0021). Compared to participants in LAP quartile 1, participants in LAP quartile 3 exhibited the highest risk for depression (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.03-1.99). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a stronger association between the LAP index and depression in men (OR= 1.002, 95% CI= 1.001-1.004) and in those with hypertension (OR=1.002, 95% CI=1.000-1.003). Additionally, smoothed curve fitting and GAM regression demonstrated a positive linear correlation between the LAP index and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that individuals with a higher LAP index may be at greater risk for depression, particularly among men and those with hypertension. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"685-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melba A Hernandez-Tejada, Deborah M Little, Madeline J Bruce, Sarly Butte, Jason Burnett, Leila Wood, Ron Acierno
{"title":"Building resilience: A specialty clinic tailored to older adults at risk for violence and abuse.","authors":"Melba A Hernandez-Tejada, Deborah M Little, Madeline J Bruce, Sarly Butte, Jason Burnett, Leila Wood, Ron Acierno","doi":"10.1177/00912174241272591","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241272591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both structural (e.g., ageism) and personal (e.g., stigma) barriers hinder older adults' access to and engagement with mental health care. These barriers are particularly problematic for those vulnerable to interpersonal violence and abuse (e.g., due to social isolation). This study presents a quality improvement program aimed at older adults who have experienced significant stressful events, particularly elder mistreatment, within a larger trauma specialty clinic. Leveraging home-based telemedicine, the clinic provides evidence-based psychotherapy tailored to the needs of older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From 2021 through 2023, the authors retrospectively examined treatment initiation, engagement, completion, and clinical outcomes among 231 older adults age 60+ who reported trauma that met DSM-5 criterion A criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, or other mental health comorbid conditions related to their traumatic event. The clinic uses an automated measurement-based care approach that facilitates Quality Improvement projects, allowing the tracking of treatment initiation, engagement, completion, and clinical outcomes for all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated high treatment completion, high engagement with telemedicine-delivered interventions, and, most importantly, significant changes in clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of expanding telemedicine-based mental health services for older adults, challenging ageist norms, and prioritizing older adults' mental health needs by providing tailored services to this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"620-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elder abuse and neglect, novel factors affecting depression risk, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-induced anxiety, and provider flourishing in pediatric palliative care.","authors":"Harold G Koenig","doi":"10.1177/00912174241284120","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241284120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"615-619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depression and its associated factors: A comparison between congenital and acquired physical disabilities.","authors":"Agnus M Kim, Jae-Hyun Park","doi":"10.1177/00912174231219037","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174231219037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While depression associated with disability has been extensively studied, how depression could differ depending on whether the disability is congenital or acquired remains to be investigated. The objective of this study was to compare depression and related factors among people with congenital and acquired physical disabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the 2016 Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled in Korea, a population-based survey for people with disability registered with the Korean government. Among 4577 participants, a total of 2128 participants with physical disability were analyzed using chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of depression was 12.9% in those with congenital physical disability and 16.0% in those with acquired physical disability. Stress due to disability and family relationship satisfaction were associated with higher and lower odds of depression, respectively, in both disability groups. Discrimination due to disability, divorce, social participation, and subjective social status were significant predictors of depression only in people with acquired disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to those with congenital disability, individuals with acquired disability can be more susceptible to issues relating to social relationships, social standing and discrimination. Findings of this study suggest that acquired disability and adapting to changes associated with it can be a source of mental distress in addition to living with it. Efforts are needed to address discrimination, provide supportive social relationships, and provide supportive living conditions in order to reduce depression in persons living with disability, especially those with acquired disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"655-669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between major depressive disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis.","authors":"Farzaneh Rafie Sedaghat, Pardis Ghotaslou, Reza Ghotaslou","doi":"10.1177/00912174241266646","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00912174241266646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects 300 million people globally. Because dysbiosis may alter the central nervous system, it plays a potential role in this disorder. Dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in microbial diversity and an increase in proinflammatory species. The human gut microbiota refers to the trillions of microbes, such as bacteria, that live in the human gut. The purpose of this study was to compare the gut microbiota of patients with MDD with that of healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study involved 35 MDD cases and 35 healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Stool samples were collected and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR. Four intestinal bacterial phyla (firmicutes, bacteroidetes, actinobacteria, and proteobacteria) were investigated by 16SrRNA analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated a relative abundance of bacteroidetes to firmicutes in the control and case groups was 0.66 vs. 1.33, respectively (<i>p</i> < .05). There were no significant differences in actinobacteria or proteobacteria among those in the MDD group compared to the healthy control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the onset of depression, underscoring the importance of understanding the relationship between MDD and gut microbiota. Firmicutes, which produce short-chain fatty acids, are crucial for intestinal health. However, dysbiosis can disrupt the gut microbiota, impacting the central nervous system and contributing to the onset of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":50294,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"702-710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}