International Journal of Sediment Research最新文献

{"title":"Efficient detection of ephemeral gully trajectories using topographic index-based approach: Calibration-free for large-scale applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In agricultural landscapes, the use of topographic index (TI) models has been common to predict the presence and extent of ephemeral gullies (EGs). However, these models face two significant challenges: (1) the accurate prediction of EGs relies heavily on a critical threshold (CT) value, which is difficult to determine optimally using existing strategies, and (2) the calibration of TI models limits their applicability on a larger scale. To address these limitations, the current study proposes two methods: (1) the division of the study area into zones based on key factors influencing gully formation, reducing the need for TI model calibration, and (2) a pixel-based binary classification approach coupled with a precision performance metric to identify the calibrated CT value within a watershed. The performance of seven TI models for predicting EG length was evaluated using local validation within zones and transferred validation between zones. Local validation demonstrated that among the TI models, modified stream power index (MSPI), stream power index (SPI), and compound topographic index (CTI), in descending order, yielded the most accurate predictions for EG length. Furthermore, the decrease in accuracy observed in the transferred MSPI model compared to the local MSPI model supported the study's hypothesis that dividing a large-scale area into distinct zones with varying topographic and climatic characteristics enables the determination of a CT value specific to each zone. Soil loss rates due to EGs ranged from 0.36 to 1 kg/m² yr, aligning with findings from similar global studies. These findings offer valuable insight that can be integrated into comprehensive watershed and soil erosion models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 586-600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000519/pdfft?md5=6a4019d0aa4c479b573e47d7bba9e160&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000519-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140933738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation-induced sedimentary structures: Porosity of riparian shrubs as control parameter of sedimentary processes during floods","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vegetation-induced sedimentary structures (VISS) are bed features resulting from flow-vegetation feedback and turbulence induced by vegetation at riparian sites. Generally, these sedimentary structures commence at the individual plant level, but sediment accumulation over time may lead to the formation of fluvial islands. Additionally, riparian vegetation exposed to current may provoke local scouring. However, little research has been done on how the permeability of plants affects flow fields and sedimentary processes. Therefore, the main aim of the current study is to experimentally investigate patterns of local scour and deposition around artificial obstacles with six different levels of porosity, using a systematically designed flume experiment. Two experimental setups were implemented, with sediment transport occurring either as bed load or in suspension. Porosity, as a measure of the volume of porous space to bulk volume, was determined using optical porosity which was estimated from digital photographs. Furthermore, VISS of individual <em>P. nigra</em> shrubs were investigated at different seasonal stages (leafless and full foliage) at the Loire River, France, for comparison. Results show that increasing porosity caused a reduction in sediment deposition from suspension and locally scoured bed load sediment. A threshold value for optical porosity was determined, at which point a prolonged area of flow calm develops behind the barrier, promoting the accumulation of suspended sediment and suppressing local scour caused by bed load transport. An empirical model is presented, which assesses sediment erosion and deposition volumes at porous obstructions, considering (a) the flow-exposed surface area, (b) the obstruction's optical porosity, and (c) the intensity of the incoming flow. On the field scale, local scour holes were identified at <em>P. nigra</em> shrubs where flood-caused debris obstructions were stuck at their front, lowering the obstruction's porosity and encouraging local scour processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 497-513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000623/pdfft?md5=50f8432cf82ad8e74dd4e8efacca888c&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000623-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An energy conservation model for the temporal evolution of local scour depth at bridge piers during floods","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Local scour at piers is one of the primary causes of bridge failures. The prediction method for the temporal evolution of local scour depth at bridge piers during floods was investigated based on the law of conservation of energy. The energy transfer process between water flow and sediment during the local scour process at bridge piers was theoretically analyzed based on the current understanding of the mechanism of local scour. The results show that there is a dynamic equilibrium relation between the energy loss of water flow and the energy gain of eroded sediment during the local scour process. This relation is applied to establish a mathematical model for predicting the temporal evolution of scour depth. This model has only one parameter, which is the energy transfer efficiency between the water flow and the eroded sediment. The energy transfer coefficient is mainly determined by the flow intensity under clear-water scour conditions, and an empirical formula for calculating it is obtained. The proposed model was evaluated using measured data of local scour depth under both well-controlled flows and natural floods. The results show that the model is able to provide satisfactory predictions and its performance can be further improved by including more sophisticated methods for determining the critical velocity for incipient scour. Meanwhile, the performance of the model is insensitive to the possible uncertainties introduced when determining the energy transfer coefficient. The research results indicate that it is feasible to establish a theoretical prediction model for accurately forecasting the local scour depth at bridge piers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 654-669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000544/pdfft?md5=d3c66e8d768679a79889de68c330c602&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000544-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of bioturbation induced by Procambarus clarkii on seepage processes in channel levees","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>River levees are subject to bioturbation by various animals which can actively excavate into earthen structures producing an internal erosion that, during the passage of a flood, can grow in time making the levee unstable. This phenomenon can lead to river levee breaching and, as a consequence, collapse, even for relatively minor flood events. A well-known animal burrower is represented by the North American crayfish <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> (<em>P</em>. <em>clarkii</em>), an invasive species in Europe, mainly introduced for commercial purposes, causing a decline in biodiversity and profound habitat changes. The physical damages caused by <em>P</em>. <em>clarkii</em> on levees and banks, such as in rice fields, irrigation ditches, and small channels, have not been fully studied and behavioral components underlying this impact are mostly occasional. To understand the impact of burrowing activity on the seepage process, a field survey was done in a drainage channel in Tuscany, Italy, to evaluate the density and geometry of the internal burrows that were excavated by the crayfish. Based on these observations and some previous laboratory experiments, three dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of the seepage processes were done inside burrowed levees. Numerical results allowed the increase in the hydraulic vulnerability of levees to the process of internal seepage to be disclosed. In particular, for a given river water level, the reduction of the time scale for the phreatic line to reach the levee field side appears to be a function of a quantity here defined as the burrow hydraulic gradient. This quantity is here defined as the ratio between the hydraulic head inside the burrow and the horizontal distance from its end to the field side of the levee. Moreover, a comparison between the 3D with the analogous more common two dimensional (2D) numerical simulations illustrated the schematization which is better suited for describing the seepage processes when animal burrows, not only by crayfish, are present.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 552-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000143/pdfft?md5=6ad9730c79efb8529f04394cd7499f54&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000143-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes of river regime and waterway downstream of a cascade of reservoirs on the upper Yangtze River","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu reservoirs, located on the upper Yangtze River, have been operational and the changes in the downstream river regime and waterway conditions have attracted great attention. A two-dimensional horizontal (2DH) flow–sediment mathematical model of the Shuifu to Lanjiatuo reach (Shuilan reach) downstream of the Xiangjiaba Dam was developed. The spatio-temporal characteristics of sediment scouring and siltation after completion of the cascade of reservoirs were simulated using the model, and then the river regime changes in several typical reaches as well as their possible impacts on navigation channels were analyzed. The results show that, after operation of the cascade of reservoirs, the downstream channel is in the state of scour. The general change of the river regime is that the flow in curved reaches tends to be straight though the river pattern still remains curved. Sub-branches tend to experience deposition, while the main channel will be scoured deeper, which can help to increase the navigation depth in the shoals in the transition sections. Deposition in some sections could result in new shoals. In addition, the bottom elevation difference between floodplains and channels will increase, which could aggravate local adverse flow patterns; therefore, navigation conditions in torrential shoals will tend to deteriorate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 615-628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100162792400060X/pdfft?md5=4a0efe18f34488f952d6c299ca90e980&pid=1-s2.0-S100162792400060X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141552760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in ecohydraulics, sediment transport and morphodynamics: Introduction to the special issue","authors":"Hongbo Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 495-496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000775/pdfft?md5=516594e570ecaf93882e7db1894a1d02&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000775-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration and release potential of nitrogen at the sediment–water interface in lakes in cold and arid regions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lake eutrophication in cold and arid regions is showing a deepening trend in recent years, posing a serious threat to the regional ecological environment. The occurrence characteristics, bioavailability, sorption–desorption characteristics, and release risk of sediment nitrogen in the Ulanor Wetland, located in the Hulun Lake basin of China, were investigated by combining field investigation, laboratory simulation experiments, and multiple technologies, including diffusive gradients in thin films and high-resolution dialysis technology. The total nitrogen (TN) in the water overlying the sediment bed (i.e., overlying water) ranged from 1.44 to 2.65 mg/L. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen was the main form of TN in overlying water, and ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺–N) in the pore water at the sediment–water interface was higher than that in the overlying water. Surface sediment TN content ranged from 695.37 to 2,344.77 mg/kg, with acid-dissolved nitrogen as the main component, and can cause the lowest level of ecotoxic effect. The maximum and equilibrium adsorption amounts of sediment NH₄⁺–N ranged from 0.269 to 1.017 mg/g and 0.0132–0.0382 mg/g, respectively. The bioavailability and transport capacity of sediment nitrogen were relatively weak, but a release risk was still observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 576-585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000520/pdfft?md5=ea652b00c35966d17f1f1b9641d1e396&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000520-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141148777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOC","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1001-6279(24)00070-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1001-6279(24)00070-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages ii-iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000702/pdfft?md5=bc326faa37ab965a0c27bcc82e51f6a9&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000702-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the mesoscale saltmarsh accretion on the tropical barrier estuarine regime: A case study from the Chandipur Saltmarsh, India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal wetlands are seen as efficient coastal stabilizers and provide an optimal natural ecosystem for the sequestration and storage of carbon. Thus, it is critically important for scientists and environmental managers to understand the future dynamics of coastal wetlands. The understanding of yearly to decadal development in coastal ecosystems can assist in the coastal management activity, to sustain biodiversity. In the current study, high-resolution granulometric analysis of a back-barrier salt-marsh deposit of tropical barrier estuary environments at Chandipur, India, is utilized to provide an overview of the mesoscale geomorphic processes and history of changing sediment dynamics. The multivariate statistical examination with coefficients of probability density functions and compositional data analysis helps to determine the four lithofacies of the deposit. Granulometric analysis combined with satellite image analysis reveals that relatively coarser facies were deposited during the incipient stage of the barrier development, when the marshland vegetation was relatively less dense as suggested by the lower normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the saline sea water easily drowned the area and saline sediment was deposited. After rapid marsh accretion, the flow dynamics shifted to a negligible flow component in the final stage when finer facies were deposited in vegetated marshland, and the organic carbon concentration increased up to 3.5%. As plant organic matter and sediment continuously accumulates in this marshland, elevation capital grows and the marsh continues to develop and expand, reaching a densely vegetated marsh with a considerable increase in NDVI values. The findings of this multiproxy study, in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis, provide valuable insight into the characteristics of accretion in a tropical saltmarsh, which is unique in such a geological setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 560-575"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000325/pdfft?md5=92a6299a241d255efdb97cc3c39729e4&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000325-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the current tail channel of the Yellow River: Processes and mechanisms","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Qingshuigou Channel, as the current tail channel of the Yellow River, formed by the diversion of the Diaokou River in 1976, has undergone a particularly dramatic spatio-temporal evolution, and its evolution processes and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. On the basis of the flood season cross section data for the river downstream of the Lijin Hydrological Station from 1976 to 2017, the current study calculated the main channel morphological characteristics of the tail channel in different reaches using a reach-scale morphological parameter calculation method and <em>K</em>-means clustering analysis. An elevated riverbed index was proposed to identify the elevated riverbed situation of the river channel. The results show that from 1976 to 2017, the bankfull area experienced repeated processes of decrease and increase, and the main channel morphology gradually changed from wide and shallow to narrow and deep over time. For most of the time period, the conveyance capacity of the main channel gradually decreased from upstream to downstream. The elevated riverbed situation gradually became more severe along the river reach from 0 to 85 km away from Lijin, but was less severe in the reach more than 85 km downstream of Lijin. The most severe elevated riverbed situation appeared mainly in the range of 71–83 km below Lijin in 1991–1995. When the sediment-carrying capacity of the water flow was strong, the bankfull area of the main channel increased, and the elevated riverbed situation was alleviated. River channel projects have helped to maintain the narrow and deep shape of the main channel, but the installation of farm dikes have aggravated the elevated riverbed situation. At the same time, extension and diversion of the tail channel have changed the erosion base level, greatly affecting the evolution of the channel morphology. The current study has provided a typical case for exploring the processes and mechanisms of tail channel evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":"39 4","pages":"Pages 643-653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100162792400043X/pdfft?md5=0b015bf468d944098dbd0217e55fa59d&pid=1-s2.0-S100162792400043X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140933744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}