International Journal of Sediment Research最新文献

{"title":"Improved estimation of critical bed shear stress downstream of low-head weirs in streams with coarse bed material","authors":"Anbin Li ,&nbsp;Bruce W. Melville ,&nbsp;Yifan Yang ,&nbsp;Liyao Gao ,&nbsp;Asaad Y. Shamseldin ,&nbsp;Genguang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Existing methods for estimating critical bed shear stress are limited and usually do not consider local scour processes; therefore, the accuracy of numerical modeling is usually compromised. This paper presents the results of physical experiments on scour downstream of low-head weirs and proposes new equations for estimating the critical bed shear stress in scour holes. The experiments were done using a camel hump weir and coarse-bed materials which are applicable to steep streams with coarse-bed materials (gravel, rocks, etc.). The critical shear stress was regarded as the bed shear stress within the scour holes, which was determined using the three-dimensional (3D) flow field and bed morphology measured at the equilibrium scour state. The influence of the sediment size also was investigated. The experimental results showed that a scour hole can be divided into three zones: Zone-I for the upstream scour slope, Zone-II for the downstream scour slope, and Zone-III for the downstream slope of the sediment deposit downstream of the hole. The relation between the critical shear stress of the bed surface in Zone-I, the flow rate, and bed position was established, and the new equations yielded better accuracy than existing methods. In addition, the relation between the critical shear stress and the slope of the bed and the ratio of the local water depth to the particle size in Zone-II and Zone-III were established. After verification, the calculation results of the newly proposed equations were in good agreement with the standard values of the dimensionless critical Shields parameter obtained through processing the experimental results in the current study. Further discussion is provided regarding the integration of the parameters calculated applying the new parameters in the numerical models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000349/pdfft?md5=2b8a59cc5c614cbece68a6d0fbe3f3b7&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-fire erosion and sediment yield in a Mediterranean forest catchment in Italy","authors":"Giovanni Mastrolonardo ,&nbsp;Giulio Castelli ,&nbsp;Giacomo Certini ,&nbsp;Melanie Maxwald ,&nbsp;Paolo Trucchi ,&nbsp;Cristiano Foderi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Errico ,&nbsp;Elena Marra ,&nbsp;Federico Preti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wildfires are an increasingly alarming phenomenon that affects forests and agroecosystems, generating several cascade effects among which soil erosion is one of the most deleterious. A robust body of data-based evidence on post-fire soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale is, thus, required, especially when dealing with areas where wildfires are particularly frequent, such as the Mediterranean basin. This study analyzes the impact of the first rains after a large wildfire in terms of soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale in a Mediterranean area, the Pisan Mountains, central Italy. Here about 1,000 ha of olive groves, maquis, maritime pine, and chestnut forests, all on steep slopes, burned in 2018. Fire (or burn) severity was mapped by remote sensing and checked by a field survey. Sediment yield was assessed by sampling earthy materials deposited upstream of a check dam at the outlet of the studied watershed. Finally, a hydrological model was developed in the hydrologic engineering center–hydrological modelling system (HEC–HMS) environment to explore the relationship between the erosion–deposition events observed in the watershed and the rainfall-induced hydrological processes. The first two post-fire rainy events relocated a high mass of sediment, mostly non-organic and characterized by light color, perhaps already in the stream before fire, while the subsequent four rain showers deposited materials rich in pyrogenic organic matter. Overall, the soil erosion caused by these six major rainfall events–the larger of which had a return time of one year–was estimated to amount to 7.85 t/ha (0.26 mm in the watershed), corresponding to 42% of the watershed average annual potential erosion rate in unburned conditions. This value is lower than expected, and, overall, moderate if compared to other Mediterranean case studies, possibly because of the nature of soils in the watershed, i.e., shallow and stony, thus, poor in fines prone to erosion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000337/pdfft?md5=0b3eb8699031f796471bb13307462313&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000337-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards an understanding of southern peri-Pannonian lacustrine depositional cycles: Interplay of sediment delivery and shifting intrabasinal height, a case study of drilled Neogene sediments from northwest Toplica Basin (Central Serbia)","authors":"Marija Radisavljević ,&nbsp;Nikola Burazer ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Šajnović ,&nbsp;Darko Spahić ,&nbsp;Gordana Gajica ,&nbsp;Sabina Kovač ,&nbsp;Violeta Gajić ,&nbsp;Branimir Jovančićević","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A multidisciplinary approach allowed the reconstruction of the shallow, highly complex Neogene lacustrine-type sedimentological interplay between the peri-Pannonian (sub)basin subsidence and its seafloor topography. The current study further discusses the mechanism of localized uplift and subsidence by analyzing depositional cycles of middle Miocene sediments drilled in a northwestern or shallower Toplica Basin depocenter (borehole BL4, depth up to 630 m; Central Serbia). Supported by recent constraints on a deeper basinal section of eastern and western subbasin depocenters, the composite study of the segmented Toplica Basin involved geological, sedimentological, mineralogical, inorganic, and organic geochemical analysis, as well as constraints on interchanging geodynamic drivers. The data were extracted from thirty-one selected samples from four sedimentary lithomembers: A, B, C, and D. The architecture of these deposits reflects an intricate pattern influenced by complex lake bottom and subsurface geology (dis)connecting the two depocenters. The investigated Neogene deposition, as a whole, was dominantly controlled by a lithospheric-scale extensional graben system (involving the Jastrebac core complex-type tectonic exhumation) developed on top of the underlying Serbo-Macedonian basement unit. The crustal extension allowed rapid material inflow from other exposed sequences of the juvenile basin, including the abutting surface exposures. During the initial stretching and basin subsidence stage, sediment inflow towards the eastern Toplica depocenter was hindered. The influx of surface-eroded material was interrupted by a natural “obstacle”. In turn, such a configuration facilitated voluminous material transport into the western depocenter of the basin, thereby controlling the deposition of lithomembers A and B. After the deposition of lithomember B ceased, the “barrier”, or likely intrabasinal structural high, contributed to a reversal of the former westward-directed transport. In that manner, the vertical movements of the structural high enabled material transfer typical for the eastern basin segment, consequently prompting a sedimentary development of the lithomembers C and D.</p><p>In this context, mineralogical and geochemical differences between the sequences are used as tracers of depositional changes affected by tectonic events. Sequences of sand and gravel layers of upper lithomembers C and D pointed out that alluvial processes strongly influenced their depositional cycle. On the other hand, a more pronounced presence of sulfide minerals (pyrite concretions) in lithomembers A and B correlated with a calm and anoxic paleoenvironment. The elevated trend of mixed terrigenous and/or microbiologically reworked organic matter (higher carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and terrigenous/aquatic (TAR) ratio, the lower sum of steroids/sum of hopanoids (S/H)) ratio, deposited under anoxic–dysoxic freshwater lacustrine conditions (higher pristane/phyt","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000313/pdfft?md5=2b4632e103cfb126e2480c15e5ff9a54&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000313-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimates of longshore sediment transport rates along Macumba and Recreio-Barra da Tijuca sandy beaches (Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil)","authors":"Breylla Campos Carvalho ,&nbsp;Josefa Varela Guerra","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to the complex nature of coastal dynamics, several models were developed to estimate longshore sediment transport (LST) rates. The Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC), Kamphuis, and Bayram models are among the most used and were applied to three east–west oriented sandy urban beaches from Rio de Janeiro (southeastern Brazil): Macumba, Recreio, and Barra da Tijuca. The wave record from oceanographic buoys and the WaveWatch III (WW3) model were used to identify fairweather periods and increased storminess between 2016 and 2018. Eastwards, median sediment grain-size grades from coarse to medium sand, and is associated with decreasing beach slopes in the same direction. The magnitude of the estimated LST rates varied significantly between the models (<em>Δ</em> ≈ 1,000 m³/day, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), although the time-averaged LST rates obtained from the four models indicate eastward transport. The four models identified areas of convergence and divergence of sediment transport with increasing rates to the east. The modeling results may support effective coastal management initiatives when integrated with topographic profiles, numerical modeling, satellite imagery, and historical information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000301/pdfft?md5=9643ca11881cf5804f517fe7c5532e99&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000301-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study of reservoir flushing through a bottom tunnel initially covered by cohesive sediment","authors":"Huan Xu,&nbsp;Zhixian Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reservoir sediment flushing, one of the most effective strategies for alleviating reservoir sedimentation, involves discharging sediment-laden flows downstream through bottom tunnels. However, whether flushing can be accomplished if the intake of a bottom tunnel is initially covered by cohesive sediment remains poorly understood. Here, flume experiments were done to investigate cohesive sediment flushing in a reservoir. It is demonstrated that cohesive sediment in a reservoir is harder to flush than non-cohesive sediment. A higher water level in the reservoir, initially smaller cover layer thickness, and lower dry density of the sediment favor the occurrence of sediment flushing. The flushing process of cohesive sediment is significantly affected by seepage. Under the combined action of gravity erosion and water erosion, the scour hole upstream of the dam is characterized by angular and broken edges. The threshold conditions for flushing of non-cohesive and cohesive sediments are evaluated. Empirical formulas applicable to both non-cohesive and cohesive sediment are proposed to estimate the equilibrium scour depth immediately upstream of the bottom tunnel intake. Also, empirical models are proposed for the time variation of sediment position in the bottom tunnel. The current findings are significant for informing the design and operation of reservoirs on rivers carrying fine-grained cohesive sediment in support of reservoir benefits and capacity preservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000295/pdfft?md5=28491bc7bf5238f48c3fe56b2e49c343&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000295-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140301172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and chemical techniques for a comprehensive characterization of river sediment: A case of study, the Moquegua River, Peru","authors":"Luis De Los Santos Valladares ,&nbsp;Arquimedes Vargas-Luque ,&nbsp;Luis Borja-Castro ,&nbsp;Renato Valencia-Bedregal ,&nbsp;José de Jesús Velazquez-Garcia ,&nbsp;Eustace Peregrine Barnes ,&nbsp;Angel Bustamante Dominguez ,&nbsp;Patrick Byrne ,&nbsp;Pratap Kollu ,&nbsp;Marco Rodriguez Martínez ,&nbsp;Jose Antonio Coaquira ,&nbsp;Crispin Henry William Barnes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>River sediment is comprised of complex mineral systems composed by different kinds of organic and inorganic matter, and thus, is difficult to characterize. Besides, some standard techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), optical and scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and simultaneous Thermogravimetric Analysis – Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA-DTA), Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetometry can provide substancial information about the compositional, physical, and chemical characteristics. In the current study, the versality of these methods is tested and the information provided by these methods for eight sediment samples, collected from the Moquegua River, Peru is compared. Qualitative analysis indicates that the samples consist of sand grains with different shapes, sizes, and colors coexisting with the presence of some diatoms. The chemical and mineralogical analysis reveal that the samples are composed mainly of silicon (Si), aluminium (Al), sodium (Na), potassium (K), aluminon–silicates, and carbonates, typical for river sediment. More detailed information obtained by these techniques include the discovery of adsorbed oxygen–hydrogen (O–H), carbon–H (C–H) and C, from organic matter, the thermal reactions and decomposition of the components, and the identification of the minor iron–oxides components. Further, other properties such as magnetic interaction are also analyzed in detail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000283/pdfft?md5=2ffa5fe8107e4e579ba4c4279267534b&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000283-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140107743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment transport dynamics during a super flood: A case study of the 2010 super flood at the Guddu Barrage on the Indus River","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Annual sediment load transportation in the Indus River varies from 0.725 to 1.0 Mt/d and varies from 260 to 300 Mt/y. Sediment accumulation upstream of the inline structure (Guddu Barrage) has frequently increased. Consequently, the sediment accumulation reduces the intake canal supply, design withdrawals, and flood-carrying capacity of the Guddu Barrage. Furthermore, the Indus River changes its behavior, channel dimensions, pattern, and flooding frequency with respect to temporal and spatial morphology with braided high to low meanders. In the current study, the Hydrologic Engineering Center- River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model, in combination with ArcGIS, were used to study sediment dynamics, analyze flood profile/water surface elevation, and assess erosion and deposition of sediment. In addition to this, a quasi-unsteady flow analysis method was used to simulate sediment transport from July to September 2010. It was found the invert change due to sediment transport maximum aggradation was 6.40 ft (1.950 m), and the maximum degradation was 30 ft (9.144 m), which further varies with the hydraulic conditions of the model. Cumulative mass bed change, sediment transport aggradation was 10.50 million tons (9.53 million t), and degradation was 3.7 million tons (3.3 million t). Moreover, it was found cumulative longitudinal mass change, sediment transport aggradation was 155 million tons (140.62 million t), and degradation was 10 million tons (9.07 million t). The cumulative mass inflow was 320 million tons (290.3 million t). Whereas the model revealed that the flood level upstream and downstream of the hydraulic structure was 264 ft (80.467 m) and 260.29 ft (79.34 m), respectively. Therefore, the HEC-RAS model accurately represents the sediment transport and water levels observed at a gated weir, which is an inline structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000210/pdfft?md5=6dfbb2816fb60963c94060cc9b5cd8c6&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000210-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140107529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field monitoring of alluvium accumulation in the riverine floodplain of the Oka River, European Russia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sedimentation traps were used to assess the annual surface renewal dynamics of the low floodplain of the Oka River (a major tributary of the Volga River in central European Russia). Trap-mats and platforms made of crushed bricks were installed in positions near the meandering and relatively straight riverbed, in different sedimentation environments. Stationary research in 2014–2020 covered a section of the bottom of the Oka River valley with a length of more than 400 km along the main channel. The graphical-analytical processing of field data using Ferret's Triangles and sedimentation diagrams showed that transport and deposition of suspended sediment dominated in the accumulation of 87% of alluvium samples. The formation of ripples was not recorded, which was lithologically reflected in the horizontal layering of the new sediment. The determination of the granulometric composition of the removed sediment and their thickness on the traps showed the absence of statistically significant differences according to the Kruskal–Wallis test between the data samples from the trap-mats and trap-platforms. The reference to the daily calendar of synoptic mechanisms according to the classification of Dzerdzeevsky contributed to the identification of meteorological prerequisites for the variation of the hydrograph curve of the Oka River in its middle reaches. Prolonged floods caused by the premature arrival of spring lead to massive deposition of silt and clay particles even on sandbanks. On the other hand, short (15–35 d) March floods and abnormal high water in June, caused by Atlantic cyclone intrusions, can stabilize sand accumulation on the riverine floodplain. The thickest sediment layers on the traps were obtained in 2018 after a very cold March and a powerful April flood, and the overall distribution of alluvium thickness and its particle size distribution also depends on the morphology of the riverine relief. The siltation is caused by the accumulation of silts; the most finely dispersed sediment was deposited in those facies environments for which siltation was also characteristic in historical times.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000192/pdfft?md5=9fe9ba7667202ddbe01f1a260f9375d6&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000192-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140301203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of digital image colorimetric methods for iron determination in river sediment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study describes the development of simple, low-cost, and high-throughput digital image colorimetric methods to determine the total iron concentration in river sediment using the spot-test reactions of iron with 1,10-phenanthroline and thiocyanate. The colorimetric assay was done on 96-microzone plates, and a flatbed scanner was applied to acquire the images. The proposed methods offered a linear range from 0.2 to 14.0 mg/L, with a detection limit of 0.11 mg/kg for the 1,10-phenanthroline method, and, for the thiocyanate method, the linear range comprises 2.0–10.0 mg/L, with a detection limit of 0.28 mg/kg. It was observed that both proposed digital image colorimetric methods (1,10-phenanthroline and thiocyanate) yielded statistically similar results to the reference procedures at a 95% confidence level. A standard reference material (NIST 8704) also was utilized for accuracy assessment and the results were statistically equivalent to the certified values within the 95% confidence level. The digital image colorimetric methods can be an alternative method for iron determination in sediment samples, allowing fast sample screening at a low cost.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000180/pdfft?md5=992fdc80aba029805a484f8197083a45&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000180-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140107704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of open-cast placer mining on sediment transport across Far Eastern rivers of Russia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines patterns of sediment transport in Far Eastern rivers of Russia affected by open-cast placer mining—mostly for gold, rarely for silver, and in a few cases for platinum and diamonds. Long-term monitoring and remote-sensing data are used to determine the location of mining landscapes and to detect sediment concentrations and plumes originating from the mining sites. The current study suggests that catchments of the Amur, Kolyma, and Lena rivers are global mining hot spots accommodating up to 1.1%–3.8% of total mining-related vegetation losses. Here, ∼20,100 km of river valleys (0.48% of the river network length) are currently disturbed by mining, with the maximum density of disturbed river valleys being up to 200–300 m/km² in the basins of the tributaries of the Upper Kolyma and Zeya rivers. To explore the potential mining impact on sediment load, these data were linked with the long-term sediment trends. Concentrations and discharges of mean annual, monthly, and daily suspended sediment decreased from the 1970s and 1980s to the present day at more than 40% of the 40 stream gauge sites assessed across the contiguous Far East. Increasing sediment trends were widespread across 20% of the sites localized in the cluster of greatest mining-related land disturbances. Up to 30% of the sites are characterized by sediment load growth up to the end of the 1980s and a subsequent decline due to the recent abandonment of mining activities. The current study highlights the non-linear relations between mining-related vegetation losses and sediment release into the river network, which is explained by diverse sources of sediment generation within mining areas and other drivers of sediment transport that interact and may attenuate or intensify the signal of mining impact.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50290,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sediment Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001627924000209/pdfft?md5=5b9f9f0fd6d833e4dd6c86dbf8d39ff0&pid=1-s2.0-S1001627924000209-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}