International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking最新文献

{"title":"Outage–Throughput Performance of RSMA-Enabled GEO Multibeam Satellite–Terrestrial Downlink Systems","authors":"Huu Q. Tran","doi":"10.1002/sat.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper presents an analytical framework for evaluating the outage–throughput performance of rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) in GEO multibeam satellite–terrestrial downlink systems operating over shadowed–Rician fading channels. Closed-form expressions are derived for the outage probability and system throughput under the baseline assumption of perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC), accompanied by asymptotic analysis revealing the diversity gain achieved with multiple satellite antennas. The proposed model is developed for a general \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi></math>-user GEO multibeam downlink and specializes to the two-user configuration for numerical illustration, while a separate discussion is provided on how the outage, throughput, and computational complexity scale with \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi></math>. In addition, an explicit design for the common message precoding vector is specified as a weighted combination of user channels, enabling a quantitative assessment of its impact on link reliability and spectral efficiency. To better match practical satellite receivers, an imperfect SIC model is introduced, where a residual interference factor captures decoding errors and leakage, and its effect on outage probability, throughput, and robustness is analyzed. A simple yet effective power allocation strategy is also discussed: We formulate a throughput-maximization problem with outage constraints and then motivate the adopted power-splitting coefficients through offline search and sensitivity analysis. Monte Carlo simulations validate the analytical results and demonstrate that RSMA achieves significant gains over NOMA, especially under moderate and heavy shadowing conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"465-477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lookahead-Based Lookaside Selection: Mitigating Inline Frequency Interference Between Satellite Constellations","authors":"Huiliang Liu,&nbsp;Fei Peng,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang,&nbsp;Yao Chu","doi":"10.1002/sat.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The densification of non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) constellations has made co-frequency interference (CFI) a critical bottleneck for system capacity, particularly inline interference events where angular separation between heterogeneous satellite systems approaches zero. Existing mitigation strategies, such as spatial isolation or reactive handovers, often suffer from myopic decision-making, resulting in either persistent interference or excessive signaling overhead. This paper proposes a proactive lookahead-based lookaside selection algorithm to mitigate inline CFI in dynamic NGSO environments. By modeling satellite selection as a receding horizon optimization problem, the proposed algorithm integrates multi-step trajectory prediction, a temporal discount factor, and explicit switching penalties to optimize the long-term radio frequency environment. Simulation results using Walker-type constellations over a 30-day period demonstrate that the proposed method effectively eliminates severe interference events. At high latitudes (60° N), the probability of angular separation falling below 5° is reduced to 0%, compared to 1.1% for conventional highest-elevation strategies. Similar robustness is observed at lower latitudes and in challenging co-inclined “chasing” scenarios. Crucially, this performance is achieved with a balanced operational cost: Daily handovers increase by only 64% relative to stability-first baselines, while remaining 70% lower than elevation-maximization strategies. Parametric analysis further reveals that the optimal lookahead horizon correlates strongly with the average satellite pass duration, establishing a design guideline for proactive interference management in future 5G/6G-integrated non-terrestrial networks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"508-523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preprocessing Procedure for Propagation Measurements on MEO Satellite Links","authors":"Marlene Brás,&nbsp;Susana Mota,&nbsp;Armando Rocha","doi":"10.1002/sat.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a software tool designed for preprocessing data from an experimental campaign aimed at characterizing the tropospheric propagation channel using Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites. The collected data provide critical insights into the channel in scenarios involving continuous variations in azimuth and elevation, along with frequent satellite handovers. This work presents the challenges associated with extracting attenuation time series from measured signal levels and outlines the solutions developed to accelerate this process in a multisatellite observation context. The software efficiently integrates beacon amplitude time series, antenna pointing data, receiver parameters, and meteorological records into a unified framework, enabling users to assess measurement conditions and apply both automated and manual classification techniques to the extracted time series. Additionally, the data structures, algorithms, and manipulation techniques designed to leverage multiple data channels are detailed, ensuring precise qualification of beacon propagation data. A step-by-step preprocessing procedure using 1 day of real data is presented. The retrieved attenuation time series is compared with Ka-band Geostationary satellite measurements, highlighting interchannel differences. In addition, selected cumulative statistics are reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"560-572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sat.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monte Carlo Throughput Estimation in Dynamic LEO Satellite Networks","authors":"Xiangtong Wang,&nbsp;Menglong Yang,&nbsp;Songchen Han,&nbsp;Yuqi Wang,&nbsp;Mengting Jiang,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"10.1002/sat.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study introduces a comprehensive framework for analyzing capacity dynamics and throughput performance in low Earth orbit satellite networks (LSNs) with unreliable intersatellite links (ISLs). It addresses two critical limitations of prior models: (1) the lack of capacity and throughput evaluation under dynamic network conditions, an inherent and unavoidable characteristic of LSNs, and (2) the inability of flow-network models (e.g., maximum flow) to estimate throughput under specific, practical routing schemes, as they inherently assume traffic is routed according to an optimal flow distribution. To address these challenges, we propose the capacity model under a dynamic LSN (Cap-DLSN), which characterizes the time-varying link capacity under stochastic ISL failures, along with a Monte Carlo throughput estimation (MCTE) framework that evaluates network throughput under dynamic traffic and diverse routing policies. Simulations on operational constellations show that MCTE provides realistic and computationally efficient performance benchmarks, offering practical guidance for routing optimization or network design in next-generation LSNs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"607-621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy-Efficient Optimization for RSMA-Based Integrated Satellite–Terrestrial Networks Under Shadowed-Rician Fading","authors":"Huu Q. Tran","doi":"10.1002/sat.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper develops a unified analytical and optimization framework for rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) in integrated satellite–terrestrial networks operating over shadowed-Rician fading channels. Closed-form integral expressions for the ergodic sum rate are derived using Meijer-\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mi>G</mi></math> functions, explicitly accounting for imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC), multibeam satellite gains, and power splitting between common and private streams. Building on these expressions, a gradient-projection algorithm combined with Dinkelbach's method is proposed to optimize the power-split coefficients under quality-of-service and SIC constraints, jointly enhancing spectral and energy efficiency. Numerical and Monte Carlo results confirm the analytical accuracy and show that the optimized RSMA design achieves approximately 8%–20% ergodic sum-rate and 10%–18% energy-efficiency gains over non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) baselines across both average and heavy shadowing conditions. The proposed framework provides implementation-oriented design insights into power-split adaptation and SIC robustness for future 6G non-terrestrial networks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"622-635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Jamming Satellite Communication Based on Blind Source Separation: Problems and Challenges","authors":"Jiong Li,&nbsp;Lijuan Gao","doi":"10.1002/sat.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spread spectrum communication technology is one of the most critical core technologies in anti-jamming satellite communication systems. However, it has certain technical limitations in anti-jamming applications. For instance, frequency-hopping spread spectrum technology exhibits weak resistance against spot jamming, while direct-sequence spread spectrum technology is less effective in mitigating wideband interference. With the continuous development of satellite countermeasure technologies, these technical limitations will significantly constrain the performance of satellite communication systems and compromise the reliable transmission of space-based information. Aiming at the technical limitations of spread spectrum anti-jamming satellite communication, this paper proposes a solution based on blind source separation technology to enhance the anti-jamming capability of spread spectrum communication. This paper establishes a blind source separation-based anti-jamming communication prototype system, verifying the feasibility of applying blind source separation to communication anti-jamming. It conducts an in-depth analysis of the characteristics and existing issues in spread spectrum anti-jamming satellite communication systems, identifies the problems and challenges of applying blind source separation to such systems, and proposes potential solutions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"478-493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated LEO Constellation and In-Cabin Distribution System for Continuous Aircraft 5G Connectivity","authors":"Raúl Parada,&nbsp;Victor Monzon Baeza,&nbsp;Carlos Horcajo Fernández de Gamboa,&nbsp;Rocío Serrano Camacho,&nbsp;Carlos Monzo","doi":"10.1002/sat.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The integration of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations with commercial aircraft communication systems presents critical challenges in maintaining continuous connectivity during dynamic flight conditions. Current geostationary satellite systems suffer from high round-trip latency (\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mo>&gt;</mo></math> 500 ms) and inadequate coverage at high latitudes, limiting their utility for modern aeronautical applications. This study presents an integrated aerospace systems architecture combining LEO satellite constellation management with in-cabin signal distribution networks to achieve uninterrupted 5G connectivity for aircraft. A simulation framework incorporating orbital mechanics, adaptive handover algorithms, and 3GPP-compliant ray tracing techniques evaluates system performance across transcontinental routes. Results demonstrate 97.78% connectivity reliability using sequential satellite insertion with 8–10 LEO satellites along a 2500-km flight corridor, achieving handover success rates of 97.5% with execution times of 150–250 ms. In-cabin signal analysis using distributed 4\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mo>×</mo></math>8 MIMO antenna arrays achieves 58.55-dB average path loss with 3.2-dB standard deviation across passenger areas. Performance validation under extreme operational scenarios (transpolar routes, emergency descent, and takeoff/landing phases) confirms \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <mo>&gt;</mo>\u0000 <mn>93</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo></math> connectivity maintenance across all flight phases. These findings provide aerospace systems designers with quantitative performance metrics and architectural guidelines for next-generation satellite-based aircraft communication systems, addressing critical gaps in handover optimization, signal distribution, and operational robustness for commercial aviation applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"594-606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sat.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing Three Decades of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Communication Development: A Bibliometric and Main Path Analysis of Network Architectures, Protocol Evolution, and Emerging Intelligent Services","authors":"Wei-Hao Su,&nbsp;Ya-Chen Chuang,&nbsp;Long-Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1002/sat.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems have evolved into a critical component of global broadband networks, enabling wide-area connectivity, IoT services, and intelligent multilayer satellite–terrestrial integration. Despite rapid advancements in constellation deployment, routing mechanisms, resource management, and LEO–5G/6G convergence, the long-term evolution of research themes and network architectures remains insufficiently mapped. This study analyzes 2420 Web of Science articles published between 1995 and 2025 and applies bibliometric techniques, main path analysis, and edge-betweenness clustering to identify the core technological trajectories shaping the LEO communication domain. The results reveal five major phases of development: foundational constellation design, multilayer architecture integration, performance and QoS optimization, 6G-driven intelligent connectivity, and secure collaborative networking. Four dominant research clusters emerge: communication and IoT applications, routing and topology management, satellite edge computing and task offloading, and LEO-enhanced GNSS positioning, highlighting the field's structural diversification. Main path and key-route analyses further show a gradual shift from traditional connectivity-oriented engineering toward distributed, AI-enabled, and security-aware satellite communication frameworks. This study provides the first longitudinal mapping of LEO communication research, offering an integrated understanding of how architectural evolution, protocol innovation, and emerging intelligent services intersect. The findings support future advances in satellite networking, resource optimization, and the design of resilient and interoperable LEO systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"573-593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/sat.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A QoS Supported Carrier Planning and Timeslot Allocation Algorithm for the Return Link of GEO Satellite","authors":"Cao Huang,&nbsp;Wei Sun,&nbsp;Yanan Zhou,&nbsp;Guangxiu Pan,&nbsp;Feiteng Luo","doi":"10.1002/sat.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To tackle the significant challenge of achieving the frequency domain and time domain resource allocation on the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite return link, we develop a two-tier “Carrier Planning-Timeslot Allocation” cooperative resource-management framework to optimize system efficiency and different quality of service (QoS) for diverse user demands simultaneously. The Dynamic Planning Carrier Configuration (DPCC) algorithm continuously reconfigures the frequency carrier set through a multi-layer aggregation and proportional allocation procedure, in which the share granted to each carrier tier is steered by the weighted traffic demand of every priority class and the prevailing channel fading severity. The Timeslot Allocation under Fixed Carriers Set (TAFCS) algorithm initially utilizes a modulation and coding (MODCOD) update mechanism to exploit favorable channel conditions. Then it conducts scheduling in three successive phases “priority-driven allocation, idle-slot aggregation and reuse, and residual-request slicing”. Extensive Satellite Network Simulator 3 simulations show that TAFCS alone outperforms the first-fit algorithm and the Reserve Channel with Priority (RCP)-fit algorithm, boosting timeslot utilization and return channel satellite terminal (RCST) response rates by roughly 8%–11% while meeting QoS targets across high-/medium-/low-priority traffic. When DPCC is introduced, the simulation under seven scenarios with diverse traffic and channel dynamics confirms that the DPCC-TAFCS framework markedly surpasses single-layer TAFCS on both system efficiency and QoS support, while demonstrating robust effectiveness under harsh link conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"544-559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Delay Jitter Control Method for LEO Satellite Communications Based on Disturbance Modeling and Temporal Convolutional Networks","authors":"Yibo Gao,&nbsp;Xianglong Duan,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Su,&nbsp;Yuchen Cai,&nbsp;Liu Liu","doi":"10.1002/sat.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sat.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As an essential complement to terrestrial networks, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks constitute a critical component of the future integrated space-air-ground network architecture. Owing to the high mobility of LEO satellites and the long propagation distance of satellite-to-ground links, the system faces significant delay jitter issues, which adversely affect communication, real-time performance, and stability. This study proposes a temporal dynamic convolutional network model that adapts to the elevation angle by considering the orbital dynamics of LEO satellites and environmental variations in the ionosphere and troposphere along the satellite-ground propagation path. The proposed model enables effective modeling and dynamic compensation of propagation delay jitter under different orbital altitudes and elevation angle conditions. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high accuracy in delay prediction and jitter suppression, providing a robust design basis and technical support for delay optimization in LEO satellite communication systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50289,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking","volume":"44 5","pages":"494-507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}