Applied Sciences最新文献_第6页

Development, Characterization, Application and Recycling of Novel Construction Materials 新型建筑材料的开发、表征、应用和回收利用

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166951

M. Amar, N. Abriak

引用次数: 0

Parameter Estimation of Breakthrough Curve Models in the Adsorption Process of H2S and CO2 Using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method 利用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛法估算 H2S 和 CO2 吸附过程中突破曲线模型的参数

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166956

Haianny Beatriz Saraiva Lima, Ana Paula Souza de Sousa, W. B. D. Silva, Deibson Silva da Costa, E. C. Rodrigues, D. Estumano

{"title":"Parameter Estimation of Breakthrough Curve Models in the Adsorption Process of H2S and CO2 Using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method","authors":"Haianny Beatriz Saraiva Lima, Ana Paula Souza de Sousa, W. B. D. Silva, Deibson Silva da Costa, E. C. Rodrigues, D. Estumano","doi":"10.3390/app14166956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166956","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in emissions of toxic gasses such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2), resulting from growing urbanization and industrialization, has caused environmental and public health problems, making the implementation of air purification techniques through adsorption important. Thus, modeling the gas adsorption process is fundamental for good agreement with experimental data, employing mathematical models that enable the prediction of adsorption capacity. In this way, the present work aimed to compare different analytical breakthrough curve models (Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, Adams–Bohart, and Yan) for the adsorption of H2S and CO2 in fixed-bed columns, using experimental data from the literature, estimating the curve parameters through the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method with the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, and ranking using the determination coefficients (R2 and R2Adjusted) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The models showed better agreement using the estimation of maximum adsorption capacity (qs, N0) and the constants of each model (kth, kyn, and kba). In the adsorption of H2S, the Yan model stood out for its precision in estimating qs. For the adsorption of CO2, the Adams–Bohart model achieved better results with the estimation of N0, along with the Yoon–Nelson model. Furthermore, the use of this method allows for a reduction in computational effort compared to models based on complex differential equations.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"57 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast Optimization of the Installation Position of 5G-R Antenna on the Train Roof 快速优化列车车顶 5G-R 天线的安装位置

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166954

Yu Bai, Jie Ren, Yinghong Wen

{"title":"Fast Optimization of the Installation Position of 5G-R Antenna on the Train Roof","authors":"Yu Bai, Jie Ren, Yinghong Wen","doi":"10.3390/app14166954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166954","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a prediction model of the coupling coefficient based on a multi-module neural network (MMNN) is developed to quickly optimize the installation position of the roof antenna of the 5G-Railway (5G-R) communication system, so as to improve the anti-interference performance of the roof antenna. Firstly, a simulation model of the coupling coefficient between the pantograph arcing and the roof antenna (a monopole antenna operating frequency of 2 GHz) was established to construct the dataset. It is also verified that the influence of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of pantograph arcing can be significantly reduced by predicting the new installation position (minimum coupling coefficient), and the installation position optimization of roof antenna can be realized. Then, the mind evolutionary algorithm of the back propagation neural network (MEA-BP) algorithm and particle swarm optimization—extreme learning machine (PSO-ELM) algorithm were adopted, respectively. The extreme learning machine algorithm constructed a different prediction model. And, by setting the integrated strategy of piecewise prediction, the prediction results are optimized and the accuracy of the prediction model based on the MMNN is further improved. Finally, the prediction model is proven to be able to replace the complicated electromagnetic simulation work accurately and efficiently by a variety of prediction performance indices, which provides an effective prediction method for the rapid optimization of the installation position of the roof antenna.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Chinese Named Entity Recognition Method for Pig Disease Domain Based on Lexicon-Enhanced BERT and Contrastive Learning 基于词典增强 BERT 和对比学习的猪病领域中文命名实体识别新方法

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166944

Cheng Peng, Xiajun Wang, Qifeng Li, Qinyang Yu, Ruixiang Jiang, Weihong Ma, Wenbiao Wu, Rui Meng, Haiyan Li, Heju Huai, Shuyan Wang, Longjuan He

{"title":"A New Chinese Named Entity Recognition Method for Pig Disease Domain Based on Lexicon-Enhanced BERT and Contrastive Learning","authors":"Cheng Peng, Xiajun Wang, Qifeng Li, Qinyang Yu, Ruixiang Jiang, Weihong Ma, Wenbiao Wu, Rui Meng, Haiyan Li, Heju Huai, Shuyan Wang, Longjuan He","doi":"10.3390/app14166944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166944","url":null,"abstract":"Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental and pivotal stage in the development of various knowledge-based support systems, including knowledge retrieval and question-answering systems. In the domain of pig diseases, Chinese NER models encounter several challenges, such as the scarcity of annotated data, domain-specific vocabulary, diverse entity categories, and ambiguous entity boundaries. To address these challenges, we propose PDCNER, a Pig Disease Chinese Named Entity Recognition method leveraging lexicon-enhanced BERT and contrastive learning. Firstly, we construct a domain-specific lexicon and pre-train word embeddings in the pig disease domain. Secondly, we integrate lexicon information of pig diseases into the lower layers of BERT using a Lexicon Adapter layer, which employs char–word pair sequences. Thirdly, to enhance feature representation, we propose a lexicon-enhanced contrastive loss layer on top of BERT. Finally, a Conditional Random Field (CRF) layer is employed as the model’s decoder. Experimental results show that our proposed model demonstrates superior performance over several mainstream models, achieving a precision of 87.76%, a recall of 86.97%, and an F1-score of 87.36%. The proposed model outperforms BERT-BiLSTM-CRF and LEBERT by 14.05% and 6.8%, respectively, with only 10% of the samples available, showcasing its robustness in data scarcity scenarios. Furthermore, the model exhibits generalizability across publicly available datasets. Our work provides reliable technical support for the information extraction of pig diseases in Chinese and can be easily extended to other domains, thereby facilitating seamless adaptation for named entity identification across diverse contexts.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Mechanical Performance of In-Service Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge Based on Vehicle-Bridge Coupling Vibration 基于车桥耦合振动的在役连续刚构桥力学性能研究

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166950

Yixiang Liu, Lingbo Wang, Cong Jiang, Hao Shu

{"title":"Research on Mechanical Performance of In-Service Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge Based on Vehicle-Bridge Coupling Vibration","authors":"Yixiang Liu, Lingbo Wang, Cong Jiang, Hao Shu","doi":"10.3390/app14166950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166950","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a damaged continuous rigid-frame bridge in Shaanxi Province, this study deduced the crack damage simulation algorithm and the vehicle-bridge coupling numerical algorithm. Then, it established a finite element analysis model using ANSYS APDL. The Newmark-β iterative method was used to study the dynamic response of different speeds, vehicle weights, and damage degrees before and after the structural damage. In the analysis of the influence of different speeds, the results showed that the dynamic stress responses of key sections of the undamaged bridge reached the maximum when the speed was 80 km/h, indicating that the undamaged bridge was sensitive to a speed of 80 km/h. The peak response of the damaged bridge was 90 km/h. In addition, the displacement peaks and the stress peaks rose and fell together. The analysis of different vehicle weights and damage degrees showed that with the increase in them, the displacement and impact coefficients of each section increased significantly. It can be concluded that the dynamic performance of the in-service bridge decreases continuously with the aggravation of the damage. Therefore, the influence of vehicle-bridge coupling should be emphasized in maintenance, and the frequent cracking area at the midspan should be strengthened in time to prevent further damage.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Impact of Lichens on Saint Simeon Church, Paşabağ Valley (Cappadocia, Turkey): Potential Damaging Effects versus Protection from Rainfall and Winds 评估地衣对帕萨巴山谷圣西缅教堂（土耳其卡帕多西亚）的影响：潜在的破坏作用与对降雨和风的保护

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166943

Annalaura Casanova Municchia, Paolo Giordani, Yoko Taniguchi, Giulia Caneva

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Lichens on Saint Simeon Church, Paşabağ Valley (Cappadocia, Turkey): Potential Damaging Effects versus Protection from Rainfall and Winds","authors":"Annalaura Casanova Municchia, Paolo Giordani, Yoko Taniguchi, Giulia Caneva","doi":"10.3390/app14166943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166943","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of lichens on the conservation of monuments, such as the World Heritage Site (WHS) of Cappadocian churches, presents a multifaceted challenge for conservators. Previous studies have shown that lichens can both induce deterioration processes of stone through their penetration into the substrate and chemical interactions as well as provide bioprotection, forming encrustations including calcium oxalate layers, which help mitigating the effects of weathering, reducing water penetration and eolian erosion. Evaluating the impact of lichens requires a comprehensive understanding of various factors, which include the type of rock substrate, the colonizing lichen species, the monument architecture, and the prevailing physic-chemical weathering processes. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of lichen colonization on Saint Simeon Church in the Paşabağı Valley (Turkey) with a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the interplay between lichens, microclimatic conditions, and the degradation of stone. Specifically, this study examines the influence of wind-driven rain (WDR) occurrences on lichen distribution and stone weathering to develop comprehensive conservation strategies. The results confirmed the previous observations and showed a prevalence of the protective role of lichens over their deterioration. The northwest side of the church, despite being heavily impacted by environmental factors such as WDR and freezing–thawing cycles, showed reduced deterioration due to extensive lichen coverage. In contrast, the northeast side, with lower lichen colonization, demonstrated more severe deterioration. These findings suggest that integrating the protective aspects of lichen colonization into conservation strategies can enhance their preservation.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining the Positions and Dimensions of Horizontal Magnetic Shunts in Transformer Tank Walls Using Parametric Analyses Based on the Finite Element Method 利用基于有限元法的参数分析确定变压器槽壁水平磁分流器的位置和尺寸

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166930

Mehmet Çeçen, Bilal Gümüş, İrem Hazar

{"title":"Determining the Positions and Dimensions of Horizontal Magnetic Shunts in Transformer Tank Walls Using Parametric Analyses Based on the Finite Element Method","authors":"Mehmet Çeçen, Bilal Gümüş, İrem Hazar","doi":"10.3390/app14166930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166930","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic shunts efficiently mitigate losses caused by leakage currents in the tank walls of power transformers. Transformer manufacturers frequently utilize vertical magnetic shunts positioned on the inside surfaces of the transformer tank walls. This study investigated the optimum use of horizontal shunts in a power transformer. A 50 MVA power transformer, manufactured on a commercial scale and featuring optimized vertical magnetic shunts integrated into the wall structure, was analyzed using the 3D finite element method for 100 ms at full load. Simulations for analyses were performed using a commercial ANSYS Electronics Desktop 2021 R1 FEM software program. The model’s validity was demonstrated by verifying the analysis results with experimental tank loss values. Tank loss samples were obtained by analyzing the transformer tank for two milliseconds with vertical magnetic shunts only on the long front wall and the short side wall. Using these loss samples as a reference, parametric analyses were performed for two milliseconds with horizontal magnetic shunts only on the short side wall and only on the long front wall of the tank. A tank model with horizontal magnetic shunts of an appropriate location and size was obtained via the parametric analyses. This model was analyzed for 100 milliseconds at full load and compared with the experimental results of the transformer manufacturer’s vertical magnetic shunt transformer. According to the results, a saving of 25.83% was achieved in the horizontal magnetic shunt volume compared with the vertical magnetic shunt volume. The maximum magnetic flux density was lower in the horizontal magnetic shunts, and the maximum current density was lower in the transformer tank with horizontal magnetic shunts.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"44 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance Analysis of a Communication Failure and Repair Mechanism with Classified Primary Users in CRNs 有分类主用户的 CRN 中通信故障和修复机制的性能分析

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166958

Yuan Zhao, Qi Lu, Shuangshuang Yuan, Zhisheng Ye

{"title":"Performance Analysis of a Communication Failure and Repair Mechanism with Classified Primary Users in CRNs","authors":"Yuan Zhao, Qi Lu, Shuangshuang Yuan, Zhisheng Ye","doi":"10.3390/app14166958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166958","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the deficiency of radio spectrum resources caused by the progress in technology, cognitive radio networks (CRNs) have made significant progress. CRNs have two types of users, namely, primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs). Considering that PUs have a higher priority and diversified data transmission requirements, this study divides PUs into two levels, namely, PU1s with a higher priority and PU2s with a lower priority. On the other hand, the occurrence of failures is inevitable in CRNs, which affects the data transmission of users. In this paper, combined with an adjustable PU packets transmission rate mechanism, a communication failure and repair mechanism with classified PUs based on the single-channel CRNs is proposed, and different preemption principles are set according to different system states. A queueing model is established and analyzed with a Markov chain, the performance index expressions that need targeted research are listed, numerical experiments are conducted, and the system performance change trends are obtained. The comparison experiment shows that the proposed communication failure and repair mechanism with classified PUs can improve the throughput of PU1 packets and reduce the blocking rate of PU1 packets compared with the conventional communication failure and repair mechanisms with unclassified PUs.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"35 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Security-Oriented Data-Sharing Scheme Based on Blockchain 基于区块链的安全数据共享计划

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/app14166940

Wei Ma, Xibei Wei, Longlong Wang

引用次数: 0

Correction Compensation and Adaptive Cost Aggregation for Deep Laparoscopic Stereo Matching 深度腹腔镜立体匹配的校正补偿和自适应成本聚合

Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/app14146176

Jian Zhang, Bo Yang, Xuanchi Zhao, Yi Shi

{"title":"Correction Compensation and Adaptive Cost Aggregation for Deep Laparoscopic Stereo Matching","authors":"Jian Zhang, Bo Yang, Xuanchi Zhao, Yi Shi","doi":"10.3390/app14146176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app14146176","url":null,"abstract":"Perception of digitized depth is a prerequisite for enabling the intelligence of three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopic systems. In this context, stereo matching of laparoscopic stereoscopic images presents a promising solution. However, the current research in this field still faces challenges. First, the acquisition of accurate depth labels in a laparoscopic environment proves to be a difficult task. Second, errors in the correction of laparoscopic images are prevalent. Finally, laparoscopic image registration suffers from ill-posed regions such as specular highlights and textureless areas. In this paper, we make significant contributions by developing (1) a correction compensation module to overcome correction errors; (2) an adaptive cost aggregation module to improve prediction performance in ill-posed regions; (3) a novel self-supervised stereo matching framework based on these two modules. Specifically, our framework rectifies features and images based on learned pixel offsets, and performs differentiated aggregation on cost volumes based on their value. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modules. On the SCARED dataset, our model reduces the mean depth error by 12.6% compared to the baseline model and outperforms the state-of-the-art unsupervised methods and well-generalized models.","PeriodicalId":502388,"journal":{"name":"Applied Sciences","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0