Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A最新文献

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Further refinements of Wilf-equivalence for patterns of length 4 长度为 4 的图案的 Wilf 等价性的进一步完善
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105863
Robin D.P. Zhou , Yongchun Zang , Sherry H.F. Yan
{"title":"Further refinements of Wilf-equivalence for patterns of length 4","authors":"Robin D.P. Zhou ,&nbsp;Yongchun Zang ,&nbsp;Sherry H.F. Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In this paper, we construct a bijection<span> between 3142-avoiding permutations and 3241-avoiding permutations which proves the </span></span>equidistribution of five classical set-valued </span>statistics. Our bijection also enables us to establish a bijection between 3142-avoiding permutations and 4132-avoiding permutations, and a bijection between 2413-avoiding permutations and 1423-avoiding permutations, both of which preserve five classical set-valued statistics. Our results are generalizations of several conjectures posed by Burstein.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139551149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New results on orthogonal arrays OA(3,5,4n + 2) 关于正交阵列 OA(3,5,4n + 2)的新成果
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105864
Dongliang Li, Haitao Cao
{"title":"New results on orthogonal arrays OA(3,5,4n + 2)","authors":"Dongliang Li,&nbsp;Haitao Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>An orthogonal array of index unity, order </span><em>v</em>, degree 5 and strength 3, or an OA<span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> in short, is a <span><math><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> array on <em>v</em> symbols and in every <span><math><mn>3</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> subarray, each 3-tuple column vector occurs exactly once. The existence of an OA<span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> is still open except for few known infinite classes of <em>n</em><span>. In this paper, we introduce a new combinatorial structure<span> called three dimensions orthogonal complete large sets of disjoint incomplete Latin squares and use it to obtain many new infinite classes of OA</span></span><span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
q-Supercongruences from Jackson's ϕ78 summation and Watson's ϕ78 transformation 从杰克逊的ϕ78求和与沃森的ϕ78变换中得出的q-超级共轭关系
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105853
Chuanan Wei
{"title":"q-Supercongruences from Jackson's ϕ78 summation and Watson's ϕ78 transformation","authors":"Chuanan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>q</em><span>-Supercongruences modulo the fifth and sixth powers of a cyclotomic polynomial are very rare in the literature. In this paper, we establish some </span><em>q</em>-supercongruences modulo the fifth and sixth powers of a cyclotomic polynomial in terms of Jackson's <span><math><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><mrow><mn>8</mn></mrow><none></none></mmultiscripts></math></span><span> summation, Watson's </span><span><math><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><mrow><mn>8</mn></mrow><none></none></mmultiscripts></math></span><span> transformation, the creative microscoping method recently introduced by Guo and Zudilin, and the Chinese remainder theorem for coprime polynomials. More concretely, we give a </span><em>q</em>-analogue of a nice formula due to Long and Ramakrishna [Adv. Math. 290 (2016), 773–808] and two <em>q</em>-supercongruences involving double series.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139433846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nowhere-zero 3-flows in Cayley graphs on supersolvable groups 超可溶群上 Cayley 图中的无处零 3 流
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105852
Junyang Zhang , Sanming Zhou
{"title":"Nowhere-zero 3-flows in Cayley graphs on supersolvable groups","authors":"Junyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Sanming Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tutte's 3-flow conjecture asserts that every 4-edge-connected graph admits a nowhere-zero 3-flow. We prove that this conjecture is true for every Cayley graph of valency at least four on any supersolvable group with a noncyclic Sylow 2-subgroup and every Cayley graph of valency at least four on any group whose derived subgroup is of square-free order.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139059484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neighbour-transitive codes in Kneser graphs 克奈瑟图中的邻接变换码
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105850
Dean Crnković, Daniel R. Hawtin, Nina Mostarac, Andrea Švob
{"title":"Neighbour-transitive codes in Kneser graphs","authors":"Dean Crnković,&nbsp;Daniel R. Hawtin,&nbsp;Nina Mostarac,&nbsp;Andrea Švob","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A <em>code C</em> is a subset of the vertex set of a graph and <em>C</em> is <em>s-neighbour-transitive</em><span> if its automorphism group </span><span><math><mrow><mi>Aut</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> acts transitively on each of the first <span><math><mi>s</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> parts <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> of the <em>distance partition</em> <span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></math></span>, where <em>ρ</em> is the <span><em>covering radius</em></span> of <em>C</em>. While codes have traditionally been studied in the Hamming and Johnson graphs, we consider here codes in the Kneser graphs. Let Ω be the underlying set on which the Kneser graph <span><math><mi>K</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is defined. Our first main result says that if <em>C</em> is a 2-neighbour-transitive code in <span><math><mi>K</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> such that <em>C</em> has minimum distance at least 5, then <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>k</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> (<em>i.e., C</em> is a code in an odd graph) and <em>C</em> lies in a particular infinite family or is one particular sporadic example. We then prove several results when <em>C</em> is a neighbour-transitive code in the Kneser graph <span><math><mi>K</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. First, if <span><math><mrow><mi>Aut</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> acts intransitively on Ω we characterise <em>C</em> in terms of certain parameters. We then assume that <span><math><mrow><mi>Aut</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> acts transitively on Ω, first proving that if <em>C</em> has minimum distance at least 3 then either <span><math><mi>K</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is an odd graph or <span><math><mrow><mi>Aut</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> has a 2-homogeneous (and hence primitive) action on Ω. We then assume that <em>C</em> is a code in an odd graph and <span><math><mrow><mi>Aut</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> acts imprimitively on Ω and characterise <em>C</em> in terms of certain parameters. We give examples in each of these cases and pose several open problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138634436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Algebraic approach to the completeness problem for (k,n)-arcs in planes over finite fields 用代数方法解决有限域上平面中 (k,n)-arc 的完备性问题
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105851
Gábor Korchmáros , Gábor P. Nagy , Tamás Szőnyi
{"title":"Algebraic approach to the completeness problem for (k,n)-arcs in planes over finite fields","authors":"Gábor Korchmáros ,&nbsp;Gábor P. Nagy ,&nbsp;Tamás Szőnyi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a projective plane over a finite field, complete <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>-arcs with few characters are rare but interesting objects with several applications to finite geometry and coding theory. Since almost all known examples are large, the construction of small ones, with <em>k</em> close to the order of the plane, is considered a hard problem. A natural candidate to be a small <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>-arc with few characters is the set <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> of the points of a plane curve <span><math><mi>C</mi></math></span> of degree <em>n</em> (containing no linear components) such that some line meets <span><math><mi>C</mi></math></span> transversally in the plane, i.e. in <em>n</em> pairwise distinct points. Let <span><math><mi>C</mi></math></span> be either the Hermitian curve of degree <span><math><mi>q</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> in <span><math><mrow><mi>PG</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><msup><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>r</mi></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span> with <span><math><mi>r</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, or the rational BKS curve of degree <span><math><mi>q</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> in <span><math><mrow><mi>PG</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><msup><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span> with <em>q</em> odd and <span><math><mi>r</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>. Then <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> has four and seven characters, respectively. Furthermore, <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is small as both curves are either maximal or minimal. The completeness problem is investigated by an algebraic approach based on Galois theory and on the Hasse-Weil lower bound. Our main result for the Hermitian case is that <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is complete for <span><math><mi>r</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>4</mn></math></span>. For the rational BKS curve, <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> is complete if and only if <em>r</em> is even. If <em>r</em> is odd then the uncovered points by the <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-secants to <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> are exactly the points in <span><math><mrow><mi>PG</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> not lying in <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. Adding those points to <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> produces a complete <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-arc in <span><math><mrow><mi>PG</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><msup><mrow><mi>q</m","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009731652300119X/pdfft?md5=d82e427ed7135cee4fd8e44a6153c333&pid=1-s2.0-S009731652300119X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Asymptotics for real monotone double Hurwitz numbers 实单调双赫尔维茨数的渐近线
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105848
Yanqiao Ding, Qinhao He
{"title":"Asymptotics for real monotone double Hurwitz numbers","authors":"Yanqiao Ding,&nbsp;Qinhao He","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In recent years, monotone double Hurwitz numbers were introduced as a naturally combinatorial modification of double Hurwitz numbers. Monotone double Hurwitz numbers share many structural properties with their classical counterparts, such as piecewise polynomiality, while the quantitative properties of these two numbers are quite different. We consider real analogues of monotone double Hurwitz numbers and study the asymptotics for these real analogues. The key ingredient is an interpretation of real tropical covers with arbitrary splittings as factorizations<span> in the symmetric group which generalizes the result from Guay-Paquet et al. (2016) </span></span><span>[18]</span>. By using the above interpretation, we consider three types of real analogues of monotone double Hurwitz numbers: real monotone double Hurwitz numbers relative to simple splittings, relative to arbitrary splittings and real mixed double Hurwitz numbers. Under certain conditions, we find lower bounds for these real analogues, and obtain logarithmic asymptotics for real monotone double Hurwitz numbers relative to arbitrary splittings and real mixed double Hurwitz numbers. In particular, under given conditions real mixed double Hurwitz numbers are logarithmically equivalent to complex double Hurwitz numbers. We construct a family of real tropical covers and use them to show that real monotone double Hurwitz numbers relative to simple splittings are logarithmically equivalent to monotone double Hurwitz numbers with specific conditions. This is consistent with the logarithmic equivalence of real double Hurwitz numbers and complex double Hurwitz numbers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138550931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chiral polytopes whose smallest regular cover is a polytope 最小正则封面为多面体的手性多面体
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105839
Gabe Cunningham
{"title":"Chiral polytopes whose smallest regular cover is a polytope","authors":"Gabe Cunningham","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>We give a criterion for when the smallest regular cover of a chiral polytope </span><span><math><mi>P</mi></math></span> is itself a polytope, using only information about the facets and vertex-figures of <span><math><mi>P</mi></math></span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138551007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A further look at the sum of the parts with the same parity in the partitions of n 再看看 n 的分区中奇偶校验相同的部分之和。
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105849
George E. Andrews , Mircea Merca
{"title":"A further look at the sum of the parts with the same parity in the partitions of n","authors":"George E. Andrews ,&nbsp;Mircea Merca","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we introduce new interpretations for the sum of the parts with the same parity in all the partitions of <em>n</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138558483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The method of constant terms and k-colored generalized Frobenius partitions 常项法与k色广义Frobenius划分
IF 1.1 2区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105837
Su-Ping Cui , Nancy S.S. Gu , Dazhao Tang
{"title":"The method of constant terms and k-colored generalized Frobenius partitions","authors":"Su-Ping Cui ,&nbsp;Nancy S.S. Gu ,&nbsp;Dazhao Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcta.2023.105837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In his 1984 AMS memoir, Andrews introduced the family of <em>k</em><span>-colored generalized Frobenius<span> partition functions. For any positive integer </span></span><em>k</em>, let <span><math><mi>c</mi><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> denote the number of <em>k</em>-colored generalized Frobenius partitions of <em>n</em>. Among many other things, Andrews proved that for any <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span>, <span><math><mi>c</mi><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mn>5</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>≡</mo><mn>0</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>mod</mi></mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>5</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span><span>. Since then, many scholars subsequently considered congruence properties of various </span><em>k</em>-colored generalized Frobenius partition functions, typically with a small number of colors.</p><p>In 2019, Chan, Wang and Yang systematically studied arithmetic properties of <span><math><mtext>C</mtext><msub><mrow><mi>Φ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> with <span><math><mn>2</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>17</mn></math></span> by employing the theory of modular forms, where <span><math><mtext>C</mtext><msub><mrow><mi>Φ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> denotes the generating function of <span><math><mi>c</mi><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>. We notice that many coefficients in the expressions of <span><math><mtext>C</mtext><msub><mrow><mi>Φ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> are not integers. In this paper, we first observe that <span><math><mtext>C</mtext><msub><mrow><mi>Φ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span><span> is related to the constant term of a family of bivariable functions, then establish a general symmetric and recurrence relation on the coefficients of these bivariable functions. Based on this relation, we next derive many bivariable identities. By extracting and computing the constant terms of these bivariable identities, we establish the expressions of </span><span><math><mtext>C</mtext><msub><mrow><mi>Φ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span><span> with integral coefficients. As an immediate consequence, we prove some infinite families of congruences satisfied by </span><span><math><mi>c</mi><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, where <em>k</em> is allowed to grow arbitrary large.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50230,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138468997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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