{"title":"Fast numerical derivatives of univariate functions on non-uniform grids","authors":"Nadaniela Egidi, Josephin Giacomini, Pierluigi Maponi","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An algorithm for computing the derivative of a function, starting from its values at randomly chosen points is presented. This algorithm uses the singular value expansion of the derivative operator and the discrete Fourier transformations. The convergence of the numerical discretization scheme is analyzed in a simplified case, while the order of convergence and the stability are evaluated by numerical simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A sharpening median filter for Cauchy noise with wavelet based regularization","authors":"Xiao Ai , Guoxi Ni , Tieyong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel method for addressing Cauchy noise in image processing by incorporating a sharpening median filter based on wavelet regularization into a preprocessing model. The proposed approach leverages the noise removal capabilities of the median filter, the detail enhancement provided by the sharpening operator, and the image recovery properties of wavelet regularization. By applying the median filter and sharpening operator sequentially to the images, we obtain preprocessing results that are combined with wavelet regularization to derive an effective preprocessing model. The model is solved using the alternating direction multiplier method. Numerical experiments were conducted to compare the performance of the method under different noise levels and blurriness, with the results demonstrating superior peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the measure of structural similarity (SSIM) values compared to existing methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Dykes , Mykhailo Kuian , Thomas Mach , Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel
{"title":"Solution of linear ill-posed operator equations by modified truncated singular value expansion","authors":"Laura Dykes , Mykhailo Kuian , Thomas Mach , Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In much of the literature on the solution of linear ill-posed operator equations in a Hilbert space, the operator equation first is discretized, then the discretized operator is regularized, and finally, the computed solution of the regularized discrete problem is projected into a Hilbert space. In order for this solution approach to give an accurate approximate solution, the regularization method has to correspond to a meaningful analogue in Hilbert space. Moreover, the regularization method chosen may only be applicable to certain linear ill-posed operator equations. However, these issues typically are not discussed in the literature on solution methods based on discretization. One approach to circumvent this difficulty is to avoid discretization. This paper describes how regularization by a modified truncated singular value decomposition introduced in Noschese and Reichel (2014) for finite-dimensional problems can be extended to operator equations. In finite dimensions, this regularization method yields approximate solutions of higher quality than standard truncated singular value decomposition. Our analysis in a Hilbert space setting is of practical interest, because the solution method presented avoids the introduction of discretization errors during the solution process, since we compute regularized solutions without discretization by using the program package Chebfun. While this paper focuses on a particular regularization method, the analysis presented and Chebfun also can be applied to other regularization techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New upper bounds for the q-numerical radii of 2×2 operator matrices","authors":"Fuad Kittaneh , M.H.M. Rashid","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces several enhanced bounds for the <span><math><mi>q</mi></math></span>-numerical radius concerning the sum and product of bounded linear operators in complex Hilbert spaces. Our findings represent a significant advancement over existing bounds in the current literature. Notably, the <span><math><mi>q</mi></math></span>-numerical radius inequalities for operator products and commutators are particular cases of our broader results. Furthermore, we derive new inequalities specifically targeting the <span><math><mi>q</mi></math></span>-numerical radii of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span> operator matrices. These contributions not only refine the understanding of <span><math><mi>q</mi></math></span>-numerical radius bounds but also extend their applicability in operator theory. Through these improvements, we provide a more comprehensive framework that can be utilized to analyze and estimate the numerical radius in various contexts involving bounded linear operators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal error estimates of second-order weighted virtual element method for nonlinear coupled prey–predator equation","authors":"Yanping Chen , Shanshan Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we develop a numerical method for solving the nonlinear coupled prey–predator equation on arbitrary polygonal meshes, employing the virtual element method for spatial discretization and a second-order weighted method for temporal discretization. We rigorously establish the existence, uniqueness and convergence of solutions using Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. Moreover, we derive an optimal error estimate in the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-norm that is independent of any spatial–temporal grid ratio constraints. This approach eliminates the need for the time semi-discrete system that would otherwise be introduced by temporal–spatial error splitting techniques, thereby streamlining the computational process. By adjusting the weighted parameter <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span>, the second-order weighted scheme seamlessly transitions to classic methods such as Crank–Nicolson (<span><math><mrow><mi>θ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math></span>) and two-step backward differentiation formula method (<span><math><mrow><mi>θ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>). Finally, numerical experiments confirm the validity of our theoretical results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of a generalized MASSOR method for saddle point problems","authors":"Changfeng Ma , Xiaojuan Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we establish a generalized MASSOR (GMASSOR) method for solving saddle point problems. The proposed method can be used to both nonsingular and singular cases. In addition, we deduce the convergence and semi-convergence of the GMASSOR method under the appropriate constraints on the iteration parameters. Numerical results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regularized Nesterov’s accelerated damped BFGS method for stochastic optimization","authors":"Siwakon Suppalap , Dawrawee Makmuang , Vipavee Damminsed , Rabian Wangkeeree","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A regularization term is introduced into the approximate Hessian update in the stochastic Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) method for convex stochastic optimization problems to help avoid near-singularity issues. Additionally, Nesterov acceleration, with a momentum coefficient that dynamically adjusts between a constant value and zero based on the objective function, has been incorporated to enhance convergence speed. However, the inflexibility of the constant momentum coefficient still may lead to overshooting problems, and evaluating objective functions on large datasets is computationally costly. Moreover, this approach presents challenges in solving nonconvex optimization problems. To address these challenges, we propose a regularized stochastic BFGS method that integrates Nesterov acceleration with an adaptive momentum coefficient designed for solving nonconvex stochastic optimization problems. This coefficient adjusts flexibly between a decreasing value and zero based on selected dataset samples, helping to avoid overshooting problems and reduce computational costs. We demonstrated almost sure convergence to stationary points and analyze the complexity. Numerical results on convex and nonconvex classification problems using a support vector machine show that our method outperforms existing approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iván Atencia, José Luis Galán-García, Yolanda Padilla-Domínguez, Pedro Rodríguez-Cielos
{"title":"A discrete-time queue with service time adjustments and general retrial times","authors":"Iván Atencia, José Luis Galán-García, Yolanda Padilla-Domínguez, Pedro Rodríguez-Cielos","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines a discrete-time retrial queueing system where incoming customers can either choose a last-come, first-served (LCFS) discipline or enter an orbit. It accounts for the possibility of varying service times, which follow an arbitrary distribution, and the retrial times are also governed by an arbitrary distribution. The underlying Markov chain of the system has been analyzed, leading to the derivation of the generating function for the number of customers in both the orbit and the overall system, along with their expected values. The paper also establishes the stochastic decomposition law and, as an application, provides bounds for the difference between the steady-state distributions of the system in question and its standard equivalent. Recursive formulas for determining the steady-state distribution of customers in the orbit and the system are presented. The paper derives the distribution of the time a customer spends at the server and, consequently, the distribution of service times subject to possible variations. A detailed analysis of the time a customer spends in the orbit is also conducted. Finally, numerical examples are included to demonstrate how key parameters impact various system characteristics, with the main contributions of the research summarized in the conclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual Neural Network (DuNN) method for elliptic partial differential equations and systems","authors":"Min Liu , Zhiqiang Cai , Karthik Ramani","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the Dual Neural Network (DuNN) method, a physics-driven numerical method designed to solve elliptic partial differential equations and systems using deep neural network functions and a dual formulation. The underlying elliptic problem is formulated as an optimization of the complementary energy functional in terms of the dual variable, where the Dirichlet boundary condition is weakly enforced in the formulation. To accurately evaluate the complementary energy functional, we employ a novel discrete divergence operator. This discrete operator preserves the underlying physics and naturally enforces the Neumann boundary condition without penalization. For problems without reaction term, we propose an outer-inner iterative procedure that gradually enforces the equilibrium equation through a pseudo-time approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral approximated superconvergent method for nonlinear Volterra Hammerstein integral equations with weakly singular kernels","authors":"Samiran Chakraborty , Shivam Kumar Agrawal , Gnaneshwar Nelakanti","doi":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cam.2025.116601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we apply Jacobi spectral Galerkin and multi-Galerkin methods using Kumar–Sloan technique for obtaining approximations of weakly singular Volterra integral equation of Hammerstein type and obtain superconvergence results. We derive the enhanced superconvergence results for the Kumar–Sloan approximation based on Galerkin and multi-Galerkin methods in both cases: when the exact solution is smooth and when the exact solution is non-smooth, in both infinity and weighted-<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> norms. We conclude that without the need for the iterated versions, we achieve superconvergence rates as high as the superconvergence rates of iterated Galerkin and iterated multi-Galerkin methods. The numerical results are presented to demonstrate the theoretical ones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50226,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 116601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}