T T Wei, J A Chan, P P Roller, U Weiss, R M Stroshane, R J White, K M Byrne
{"title":"Detection of gilvocarcin antitumor complex by a biochemical induction assay (BIA).","authors":"T T Wei, J A Chan, P P Roller, U Weiss, R M Stroshane, R J White, K M Byrne","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.529","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"529-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35359184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thiolactomycin, a new antibiotic. IV. Biological properties and chemotherapeutic activity in mice.","authors":"S Miyakawa, K Suzuki, T Noto, Y Harada, H Okazaki","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The new thiolactone antibiotic, thiolactomycin, is rapidly absorbed in rats when administered either orally or by intramuscular injection. A peak in concentration of the drug is reached in the blood and in various visceral organs within 15 minutes after administration. The concentration decreases rather rapidly and about 51-69% of the drug is excreted in urine during the first 24 hours. Though the in vitro effect of thiolactomycin is moderate, it effectively protected mice challenged intraperitoneally with several strains of S. marcescens and K. pneumoniae and more effective than carbenicillin in treating experimental acute urinary tracts infected with S. marcescens. Also, in mice whom immunodefense was decreased by treatment with cyclophosphamide, thiolactomycin was more effective than carbenicillin against S. marcescens challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"411-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.411","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35272377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Koizumi, T Nagatsu, H Iinuma, M Ohno, T Takeuchi, H Umezawa
{"title":"Inhibition of phenylalanine hydroxylase, a pterin-requiring monooxygenase, by oudenone and its derivatives.","authors":"S Koizumi, T Nagatsu, H Iinuma, M Ohno, T Takeuchi, H Umezawa","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phenylalanine hydroxylase was shown to be inhibited by oudenone and its derivatives in vitro. At a concentration of 2.3 x 10(-3) M, oudenone inhibited phenylalanine hydroxylase by 50%, and some of the oudenone derivatives showed more potent inhibition. The kinetic data have shown that the inhibition by oudenone is competitive with a tetrahydropterin cofactor (6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin, DMPH4) and noncompetitive with phenylalanine and oxygen. Among 12 oudenone derivatives, there was no parallel structure-activity relationship between the inhibitory effect for phenylalanine hydroxylase and that for tyrosine hydroxylase. A derivative of oudenone, [compound No. 142; 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropyl)cyclohexan-1,3-dione] showed the most potent inhibition among the oudenone derivatives. It inhibited phenylalanine hydroxylase by 50% at a concentration of 1.8 x 10(-5) M. This inhibition was a mixed type with either a tetrahydropterin cofactor, DMPH4, or with the substrate phenylalanine, which was different from the inhibition by oudenone. However, the same noncompetitive inhibition was shown toward oxygen.</p>","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"458-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35358707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of covalently closed circular DNA associated with chromosomal and membrane fraction from Streptomyces ambofaciens.","authors":"H Ikeda, H Tanaka, S Omura","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Covalently closed circular (ccc) DNAs were isolated by a technique involving alkaline denaturation from the spiramycin producer Streptomyces ambofaciens KA-1028 and also from spiramycin non-producing strains AF-11 and QN-25; plasmids could not be detected in these strains by a cleared lysate method. It was found that most of the ccc DNA in these strains was present in the chromosomal and membrane fractions. These ccc DNAs had identical mobilities in agarose gel electrophoresis. The size was calculated to be 53.1 x 10(6) daltons from the contour length measurements. The ccc DNA gave one fragment on digestion with Hind III, three fragments with Eco R1, and twenty-eight fragments with Bam H1.</p>","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"497-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35359178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enzymatic modification of hygromycin B in Streptomyces hygroscopicus.","authors":"J Leboul, J Davies","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"527-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.527","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35359183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A preferential isolation procedure for asporogenous Gram-positive bacteria.","authors":"Y Wakisaka, K Koizumi, Y Nishimoto","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A preferential isolation procedure was devised for asporogenous (Asp), Gram-positive (Gp), aerobic or facultative anaerobic bacteria which included the genera Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, Microbacterium, Mycobacterium, and Micrococcus (Asp-Gp bacteria). An antibiotics-mixture agar which contained 5 to 10 micrograms per ml of colistin, 10 to 20 micrograms per ml of nalidixic acid and 30 micrograms per ml of cycloheximide was used in the isolation. Using this technique 47 Asp-Gp bacteria representing 26 subgroups of coryneform bacteria and Micrococcus were isolated from 3 soil samples. The method was far more efficient than the standard dilution-plate technique. This preferential method is available to isolate Asp-Gp bacteria from a sample containing about 500-fold more of other Gram-positive and negative bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"441-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35272380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of antibiotic SU-2 complex by a 2-deoxystreptamine idiotroph of Micromonospora sagamiensis.","authors":"H Kase, S Kitamura, K Nakayama","doi":"10.7164/antibiotics.35.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.35.385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 2-deoxystreptamine idiotrophic mutant of Micromonospora sagamiensis, KY 11509, was found to produce unknown antibacterial substances, which were named SU-2 complex. Each component, SU-1, SU-2 and SU-3 were isolated from a culture broth of KY 11509. Chromatographic data suggested that these components were new antibiotics. The antibiotics exhibited potent and broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The amount of SU-1, SU-2 and SU-3 production reached their maximum level (197, 82 and 58 micrograms/liter, respectively) in 3 to 4 days. Addition of cobalt chloride markedly stimulated SU-1 production but suppressed SU-2 and SU-3 production. Isolation of a mutant possessing a higher productivity of SU-2 complex is also described.</p>","PeriodicalId":501839,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Antibiotics","volume":" ","pages":"385-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"1982-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7164/antibiotics.35.385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35272374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}