The Astrophysical Journal Letters最新文献_第8页

Properties of “Lite” Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidates in LIGO-Virgo’s Third Observing Run LIGO-Virgo第三次观测中“生命”中等质量黑洞候选者的特性

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/adc5f8

Krystal Ruiz-Rocha, Anjali B. Yelikar, Jacob Lange, William Gabella, Robert A. Weller, Richard O’Shaughnessy, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann and Karan Jani

{"title":"Properties of “Lite” Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidates in LIGO-Virgo’s Third Observing Run","authors":"Krystal Ruiz-Rocha, Anjali B. Yelikar, Jacob Lange, William Gabella, Robert A. Weller, Richard O’Shaughnessy, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann and Karan Jani","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/adc5f8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adc5f8","url":null,"abstract":"Over a hundred gravitational-wave (GW) detections and candidates have been reported from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) detectors. Among these, the most intriguing events are binary black hole mergers that result in a “lite” intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) of ∼102M⊙, such as GW170502 and GW190521. In this study, we investigate 11 GW candidates from LVK’s third observing run with total detector-frame masses in the lite IMBH range. Using the Bayesian inference algorithm RIFT, we systematically analyze these candidates with three state-of-the-art waveform models that incorporate higher harmonics, which are crucial for resolving lite IMBHs in LVK data. For each candidate, we infer the premerger and postmerger black hole masses in the source frame, along with black hole spin projections across all three models. Under the assumption that these are binary black hole mergers, our analysis finds that five have a postmerger lite IMBH with masses ranging from 110 to 350 M⊙ with over 90% confidence interval. Additionally, we note that one of their premerger black holes is within the pair-instability supernova mass gap (60–120 M⊙), and two premerger black holes are above the mass gap. Furthermore, we report discrepancies among the three waveform models in intrinsic parameters, with at least three GW candidates showing deviations beyond accepted statistical limits. While the astrophysical certainty of these candidates cannot be established, our study provides a foundation to probe the lite IMBH population that emerge within the low-frequency noise spectrum of LVK detectors.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Orbital Effects of Stellar Collisions in Galactic Nuclei: Tidal Disruption Events and Ejected Stars 星系核中恒星碰撞的轨道效应：潮汐破坏事件和抛射恒星

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add266

Sanaea C. Rose and Brenna Mockler

{"title":"On the Orbital Effects of Stellar Collisions in Galactic Nuclei: Tidal Disruption Events and Ejected Stars","authors":"Sanaea C. Rose and Brenna Mockler","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/add266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add266","url":null,"abstract":"Dense stellar clusters surround the supermassive black holes (SMBH) in galactic nuclei. Interactions within the cluster can alter the stellar orbits, occasionally driving a star into the SMBH’s tidal radius, where it becomes ruptured, or expelling a star from the nuclear cluster. This proof-of-concept study examines the orbital effects of stellar collisions using a semianalytic model. Both low- and high-speed collisions occur in the SMBH’s sphere of influence. We find that collisions can place stars on nearly radial orbits. Depositing stars within the tidal radius, collisions may drive the disruption of stars with unusual masses and structures: depending on the nature of the collision, the star could be the product of a recent merger, or it could have lost its outer layers in a previous high-speed impact, appearing as a stripped star. We also find that high-speed collisions near the periapsis of an eccentric orbit can unbind stars from the SMBH. However, dissipation during these high-speed collisions can substantially reduce the number of unbound stars achieved in our simulations. We conclude that tidal disruption events and ejected stars, even in the hypervelocity regime, are plausible outcomes of stellar collisions, though their frequency in a three-dimensional nuclear star cluster is uncertain. Future work will address the rates and properties of these events.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"65 15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

XRISM Reveals a Remnant Torus in the Low-luminosity AGN M81* XRISM揭示了低亮度AGN M81*的残余环面

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add262

Jon M. Miller, Ehud Behar, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ann Hornschemeier, Jesse Bluem, Luigi Gallo, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Richard Mushotzky, Masanori Ohno, Robert Petre, Kosuke Sato, Yuichi Terashima and Mihoko Yukita

{"title":"XRISM Reveals a Remnant Torus in the Low-luminosity AGN M81*","authors":"Jon M. Miller, Ehud Behar, Hisamitsu Awaki, Ann Hornschemeier, Jesse Bluem, Luigi Gallo, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Richard Mushotzky, Masanori Ohno, Robert Petre, Kosuke Sato, Yuichi Terashima and Mihoko Yukita","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/add262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add262","url":null,"abstract":"Up to 40% of galaxies in the local Universe host a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN), making it vital to understand this mode of black hole accretion. However, the presence or absence of Seyfert-like geometries—an accretion disk close to the black hole, an optical broad-line region, and a molecular torus—remains uncertain owing to the low flux levels of sources within this class. Herein we present an analysis of an XRISM/Resolve spectrum of M81*, the LLAGN in the heart of the nearby spiral galaxy M81. A weak, neutral Fe K emission line is detected and resolved into Kα,1 and Kα,2 components. It shows a negligible velocity shift and weak broadening (FWHM ) that corresponds to an inner emission radius of r ≥ 2.7 × 104 GM c−2 for likely inclinations. The Fe Kα line likely traces a torus. The upper limit on additional splitting of the Fe Kα line components translates to a limit on the local magnetic field of B ≤ 3.5 × 108 G, assuming Zeeman splitting. The spectra also reveal ionized plasma(s) through He-like Fe xxv and H-like Fe xxvi emission lines. These can be fit equally well assuming photoionization and collisional excitation. The H-like Fe xxvi line is better described when a second component is included with a redshift of v = 1600 km s−1, but this addition is of marginal statistical significance. We discuss these results in the context of radiatively inefficient accretion flow models, magnetically arrested disks, and possible links to the Fermi bubbles in the Milky Way.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045 磁星1e1841 -045高偏振x射线的IXPE探测

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/adbffb

Michela Rigoselli, Roberto Taverna, Sandro Mereghetti, Roberto Turolla, Gian Luca Israel, Silvia Zane, Lorenzo Marra, Fabio Muleri, Alice Borghese, Francesco Coti Zelati, Davide De Grandis, Matteo Imbrogno, Ruth M. E. Kelly, Paolo Esposito and Nanda Rea

{"title":"IXPE Detection of Highly Polarized X-Rays from the Magnetar 1E 1841-045","authors":"Michela Rigoselli, Roberto Taverna, Sandro Mereghetti, Roberto Turolla, Gian Luca Israel, Silvia Zane, Lorenzo Marra, Fabio Muleri, Alice Borghese, Francesco Coti Zelati, Davide De Grandis, Matteo Imbrogno, Ruth M. E. Kelly, Paolo Esposito and Nanda Rea","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/adbffb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adbffb","url":null,"abstract":"The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observed for the first time highly polarized X-ray emission from the magnetar 1E 1841−045, targeted after a burst-active phase in 2024 August. To date, IXPE has observed four other magnetars during quiescent periods, highlighting substantially different polarization properties. 1E 1841−045 exhibits a high, energy-dependent polarization degree, which increases monotonically from ≈15% at 2–3 keV up to ≈55% at 5.5–8 keV, while the polarization angle, aligned with the celestial north, remains fairly constant. The broadband spectrum (2–79 keV) obtained by combining simultaneous IXPE and NuSTAR data is well modeled by a blackbody and two power-law components. The unabsorbed 2–8 keV flux (≈2 × 10−11 erg cm−2 s−1) is about 10% higher than that obtained from archival XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations. The polarization of the soft, thermal component does not exceed ≈25%, and may be produced by a condensed surface or a bombarded atmosphere. The intermediate power law is polarized at around 30%, consistent with predictions for resonant Compton scattering in the star magnetosphere; meanwhile, the hard power law exhibits a polarization degree exceeding 65%, pointing to a synchrotron/curvature origin.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Localizing Dynamically Formed Black Hole Binaries in Milky Way Globular Clusters with LISA 用LISA定位银河系球状星团中动态形成的黑洞双星

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add718

Zeyuan Xuan, Kyle Kremer and Smadar Naoz

{"title":"Localizing Dynamically Formed Black Hole Binaries in Milky Way Globular Clusters with LISA","authors":"Zeyuan Xuan, Kyle Kremer and Smadar Naoz","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/add718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add718","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamical formation of binary black holes (BBHs) in globular clusters (GCs) may contribute significantly to the observed gravitational-wave (GW) merger rate. Furthermore, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) may detect many BBH sources from GCs at mHz frequencies, enabling the characterization of such systems within the Milky Way and nearby Universe. In this work, we use Monte Carlo N-body simulations to construct a realistic sample of Galactic clusters, thus estimating the population, detectability, and parameter measurement accuracy of BBHs hosted within them. In particular, we show that the GW signal from 0.7 ± 0.7, 2.0 ± 1.7, 3.6 ± 2.3, and 13.4 ± 4.7 BBHs in Milky Way GCs can exceed the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold of SNR = 30, 5, 3, and 1 for a 10 yr LISA observation, with ∼50% of detectable sources exhibiting high eccentricities (e ≳ 0.9). Moreover, the Fisher matrix and Bayesian analyses of the GW signals indicate that these systems typically feature highly resolved orbital frequencies (δforb/forb ∼ 10−7 to 10−5) and eccentricities (δe/e ∼ 10−3 to 0.1), as well as a measurable total mass when SNR exceeds ∼20. Notably, we show that high-SNR BBHs can be confidently localized to specific Milky Way GCs with a sky localization accuracy of δΩ ∼ 1 deg2, and we address the large uncertainties in their distance measurement (δR ∼ 0.3–20 kpc). The detection and localization of even a single BBH in a Galactic GC would allow accurate tracking of its long-term orbital evolution, enable a direct test of the role of GCs in BBH formation, and provide a unique probe into the evolutionary history of Galactic clusters.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"51 1","pages":"L42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cosmology with Binary Neutron Stars: Does Mass–Redshift Correlation Matter? 双中子星宇宙学：质量红移相关是否重要？

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add34a

Soumendra Kishore Roy, Lieke A. C. van Son, Anarya Ray and Will M. Farr

{"title":"Cosmology with Binary Neutron Stars: Does Mass–Redshift Correlation Matter?","authors":"Soumendra Kishore Roy, Lieke A. C. van Son, Anarya Ray and Will M. Farr","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/add34a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add34a","url":null,"abstract":"Next-generation gravitational-wave detectors are expected to detect millions of compact binary mergers across cosmological distances. The features of the mass distribution of these mergers, combined with gravitational-wave distance measurements, will enable precise cosmological inferences, even without the need for electromagnetic counterparts. However, achieving accurate results requires modeling the mass spectrum, particularly considering possible redshift evolution. Binary neutron star (BNS) mergers are thought to be less influenced by changes in metallicity compared to binary black holes or neutron star–black hole mergers. This stability in their mass spectrum over cosmic time reduces the chances of introducing biases in cosmological parameters caused by redshift evolution. In this study, we use the population synthesis code COMPAS to generate astrophysically motivated catalogs of BNS mergers and explore whether assuming a nonevolving BNS mass distribution with redshift could introduce biases in cosmological parameter inference. Our findings show that despite significant variations in the BNS mass distribution across binary physics assumptions and initial conditions in COMPAS, the joint mass–redshift population can be expressed as the product of the mass distribution marginalized over redshift and the redshift distribution marginalized over masses. This enables a 2% unbiased constraint on the Hubble constant—sufficient to address the Hubble tension. Additionally, we show that in the fiducial COMPAS setup, the bias from a nonevolving BNS mass model is less than 0.5% for the Hubble parameter measured at redshift 0.4. These results establish BNS mergers as strong candidates for spectral siren cosmology in the era of next-generation gravitational-wave detectors.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate Muonic Interactions in Neutron Star Mergers and Impact on Heavy-element Nucleosynthesis 中子星合并中的精确介子相互作用及其对重元素核合成的影响

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add324

Harry Ho-Yin Ng, Carlo Musolino, Samuel D. Tootle and Luciano Rezzolla

{"title":"Accurate Muonic Interactions in Neutron Star Mergers and Impact on Heavy-element Nucleosynthesis","authors":"Harry Ho-Yin Ng, Carlo Musolino, Samuel D. Tootle and Luciano Rezzolla","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/add324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add324","url":null,"abstract":"The abundances resulting from r-process nucleosynthesis as predicted by simulations of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers remain an open question as the current state of the art is still restricted to three-species neutrino transport. We present the first BNS merger simulations employing a moment-based general-relativistic neutrino transport with five neutrino species, thus including (anti)muons and advanced muonic β-processes, and contrast them with traditional three-neutrino-species simulations. Our results show that a muonic trapped-neutrino equilibrium is established, forming a different trapped-neutrino hierarchy akin to the electronic equilibrium. The formation of (anti)muons and the muonization via muonic β-processes enhance neutrino luminosity, leading to a stronger cooling in the early postmerger phase. Since muonic processes redirect part of the energy otherwise used for protonization by electronic processes, they yield a cooler remnant and disk, together with neutrino-driven winds that are more neutron-rich. Importantly, the unbound ejected mass is smaller than in three-species simulations, and, because of its comparatively smaller temperature and proton fraction, it can enhance lanthanide production and reduce the overproduction of light r-process elements for softer equations of state. This finding underlines the importance of muonic interactions and five neutrino species in long-lived BNS remnants.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polarization Analysis of Type III Langmuir/Z-mode Waves with Coherent Magnetic Component Observations by Solar Orbiter 基于相干磁分量观测的III型Langmuir/ z模波偏振分析

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add687

Tomáš Formánek, Ondřej Santolík, Jan Souček, David Píša, Arnaud Zaslavsky, Matthieu Kretzschmar, Milan Maksimovic, Christopher J. Owen and Georgios Nicolaou

引用次数: 0

Evolution of the Three Spectral Components in the Prompt Emission of GRB 240825A GRB 240825A快速发射中三光谱分量的演化

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add522

Chen-Wei Wang, Wen-Jun Tan, Shao-Lin Xiong, Rahim Moradi, Yan-Qiu Zhang, Chao Zheng, Bing Li, Xiao-Bo Li, Cheng-Kui Li, Jia-Cong Liu, Yue Wang, Bo-Bing Wu, Sheng-Lun Xie, Wang-Chen Xue, Shu-Xu Yi, Zheng-Hang Yu, Peng Zhang, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Wen-Long Zhang and Zhen Zhang

{"title":"Evolution of the Three Spectral Components in the Prompt Emission of GRB 240825A","authors":"Chen-Wei Wang, Wen-Jun Tan, Shao-Lin Xiong, Rahim Moradi, Yan-Qiu Zhang, Chao Zheng, Bing Li, Xiao-Bo Li, Cheng-Kui Li, Jia-Cong Liu, Yue Wang, Bo-Bing Wu, Sheng-Lun Xie, Wang-Chen Xue, Shu-Xu Yi, Zheng-Hang Yu, Peng Zhang, Shuang-Nan Zhang, Wen-Long Zhang and Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/add522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add522","url":null,"abstract":"The prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) could be composed of different spectral components, such as a dominant nonthermal Band component in the keV–MeV range, a subdominant quasi-thermal component, and an additional hard nonthermal component extending into the GeV range. The existence and evolutionary behaviors of these components could provide essential constraints on physical models, such as ejecta composition and dissipation processes. Although numerous GRBs have been found to exhibit one or two spectral components, reports of GRBs containing all three components remain rare. In this Letter, based on the joint observations of GRB 240825A from multiple gamma-ray telescopes, we conduct a comprehensive temporal and spectral analysis to identify the presence and evolution of all three components. The bulk Lorentz factor of this bright and relatively short-duration burst is independently obtained from the thermal and hard nonthermal components, supporting a jet penetration scenario. The multisegment broken power-law feature observed in the flux lightcurves suggests the presence of an early afterglow in the keV–MeV band and hints at a possible two-jet structure. Furthermore, the observed transition from positive to negative on the spectral lag can be interpreted as misalignment in the cross-correlation function analysis of pulses, which is caused by evolution of the soft and hard components.","PeriodicalId":501814,"journal":{"name":"The Astrophysical Journal Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning Characterization of Intermittency in Relativistic Pair Plasma Turbulence: Single and Double Sheet Structures 相对论对等离子体湍流中间歇性的机器学习表征：单片和双片结构

The Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/add47b

Trung Ha, Joonas Nättilä, Jordy Davelaar and Lorenzo Sironi

引用次数: 0