{"title":"Dewetting-driven printing of thin metal oxide films","authors":"Alessio Lavino","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00124-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00124-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"556-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humidity-driven CO2 pumping","authors":"Mo Qiao","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00126-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00126-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"555-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fine-tuning extracellular fluid viscosity enhances gene delivery","authors":"Ajay S. Thatte, Dongyoon Kim, Michael J. Mitchell","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00118-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00118-1","url":null,"abstract":"Successful gene delivery is predicated on the effective cellular uptake of encapsulated nucleic acid cargo. Now, a study identifies extracellular fluid viscosity as a key factor that governs gene delivery via non-viral and viral vectors across a range of cell types.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"559-560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingyao Ma, Yining Zhu, Jiayuan Kong, Di Yu, Wu Han Toh, Milun Jain, Qin Ni, Zhuoxu Ge, Jinghan Lin, Joseph Choy, Leonardo Cheng, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Maximilian F. Konig, Sean X. Sun, Hai-Quan Mao
{"title":"Tuning extracellular fluid viscosity to enhance transfection efficiency","authors":"Jingyao Ma, Yining Zhu, Jiayuan Kong, Di Yu, Wu Han Toh, Milun Jain, Qin Ni, Zhuoxu Ge, Jinghan Lin, Joseph Choy, Leonardo Cheng, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Maximilian F. Konig, Sean X. Sun, Hai-Quan Mao","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00116-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00116-3","url":null,"abstract":"Gene therapies and cellular programming rely on effective cell transfection. Despite continuous advancements in carrier development and transfection techniques to enhance efficiency, the biophysical parameter of extracellular fluid viscosity has been largely overlooked. Here we report a substantial impact of culture media viscosity on transfection efficiency of several delivery vehicles, including lipid nanoparticles, polyplexes, adeno-associated vectors and lentiviral vectors across a range of cell types. We observed substantially increased transfection efficiencies for lipid nanoparticles and polyplexes when the media viscosity matched that of biological fluids (2.0–4.0 centipoise (cP)). This enhancement correlates with higher levels of cellular uptake and improved endosomal escape. Moreover, cells cultured in optimized viscosity conditions exhibit a different profile of uptake pathways compared with those cultured at the standard viscosity of 0.8 cP. This discovery highlights the critical role of media viscosity in the transfection process and provides an additional method to optimize gene delivery and cell programming processes, potentially reducing production costs and increasing the accessibility of gene and cell therapies. Gene therapies and cellular programming rely on effective cell transfection. Here it is shown that optimizing the viscosity of cell culture media to match that of biological fluids substantially enhances the transfection efficiency for various gene delivery vehicles across different cell types.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"576-587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase equilibrium thermodynamics of lithium–sulfur batteries","authors":"Yun-Wei Song, Liang Shen, Xi-Yao Li, Chang-Xin Zhao, Jie Zhou, Bo-Quan Li, Jia-Qi Huang, Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00115-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00115-4","url":null,"abstract":"The unique conversion chemistry of sulfur endows lithium−sulfur batteries with a high theoretical energy density. However, the basic principles of the sulfur conversion chemistry remain unclear. In this work, phase equilibrium analysis is conducted to update the thermodynamic understanding on lithium−sulfur batteries. A ternary phase diagram is plotted following the equilibrium between sulfur, lithium sulfide and dissolved polysulfides. The diagram accurately describes the existing form of different polysulfides and the solid–liquid−solid phase transitions. Quantitative analysis further reveals the stoichiometric ratio of 1.0:4.5 between the two discharge plateaus and identifies the intrinsic insufficient liquid−solid deposition as the main limitation. The relationship between system point and equilibrium potential is established so that the ternary phase diagram can predict the lithium−sulfur thermodynamics at an arbitrary state. The fundamental thermodynamic principles of sulfur redox reactions in Li–S batteries are not fully understood. A ternary phase diagram is obtained after equilibrium between sulfur, lithium sulfide and dissolved polysulfides, which accurately describes the system evolution and predicts the behavior of Li–S batteries at an arbitrary given state.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"588-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping lithium–sulfur chemistry","authors":"Zhuangnan Li, Manish Chhowalla","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00112-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00112-7","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium–sulfur batteries are based on complex chemical reactions involving solid–liquid–solid phase transitions. Now, a ternary diagram that describes the thermodynamic stability of the different phases formed during lithium–sulfur reactions is established.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"563-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stirring up success","authors":"Mahdokht Soltani, Julie E. Rorrer","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00119-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00119-0","url":null,"abstract":"Dimensionless numbers are used to describe and optimize mass transport in catalytic systems but have not yet been established for three-phase reactions in waste polyolefin deconstruction. Now, a criterion is introduced to enhance catalyst effectiveness in polyolefin hydrogenolysis, guiding the refinement of stirring parameters.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"557-558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microwave-heated solvent extraction and catalysis for end-of-life tire decontamination","authors":"Siddhesh S. Borkar, Jenna Vito, Manish Shetty","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00114-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00114-5","url":null,"abstract":"The development of environmentally friendly methods for the decontamination of tires at their end of life is critical. Now, microwave-assisted solvent extraction and catalytic conversion of a toxic antioxidant contained in tires to safe, industrially useful chemicals has been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"561-562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sean Najmi, Pooja Bhalode, Montgomery Baker-Fales, Brandon C. Vance, Esun Selvam, Kewei Yu, Weiqing Zheng, Dionisios G. Vlachos
{"title":"End-of-life tire decontamination from 6PPD and upcycling","authors":"Sean Najmi, Pooja Bhalode, Montgomery Baker-Fales, Brandon C. Vance, Esun Selvam, Kewei Yu, Weiqing Zheng, Dionisios G. Vlachos","doi":"10.1038/s44286-024-00110-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44286-024-00110-9","url":null,"abstract":"N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is a ubiquitous rubber antioxidant and antiozonant that extends the lifetime of common rubber products, such as those found in tires. It transforms into a quinone derivative following certain environmental conditions. 6PPD and the quinone can leach into the environment and cause severe morbidity to aquatic life at diminutive concentrations, with health effects on humans still not fully understood. With legislation on the horizon to ban 6PPD entirely, developing effective methods for its removal and conversion to safe compounds is essential. Here we show that 6PPD survives microwave-assisted pyrolysis and escapes in the oil product, rendering decontamination essential. We introduce a decontamination strategy that removes 6PPD from end-of-life tires before it enters the broader ecosystem. We demonstrate the catalytic upgrade of 6PPD to safe chemicals and the valorization of crumb rubber to aromatics and carbon black using microwave-assisted pyrolysis. Upcycling end-of-life tire waste is complex due to the recalcitrant nature of the toxic legacy additive, 6PPD. Here the authors present a new decontamination strategy that can isolate 6PPD, convert it to safe and valuable products, and valorize end-of-life tire waste.","PeriodicalId":501699,"journal":{"name":"Nature Chemical Engineering","volume":"1 9","pages":"597-607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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