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An evaluation of demographers' use of ethnographies. 对人口统计学家使用民族志的评价。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2003-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/0032472032000137844
Ernestina Coast
{"title":"An evaluation of demographers' use of ethnographies.","authors":"Ernestina Coast","doi":"10.1080/0032472032000137844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0032472032000137844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A survey of papers reporting the use of ethnographies in three population journals and an examination of two case studies show that the criticisms made by anthropologists and others of demographers' use of ethnographies are well founded. In their use of these accounts, demographers tend to present an excessively static view of social organization, to use ethnographic evidence selectively to support other findings, to be indifferent to how long ago an ethnography was produced, to take for granted the validity of the ethnographic evidence, to ignore the broader historical context in which the ethnography was produced, and to be unaware of the ways in which demographic evidence can be used at all stages of the research process. The adoption of anthropologists' suggestions for establishing the plausibility and credibility of ethnographic evidence could improve the value of the contribution made by these studies to demographic research and theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"337-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0032472032000137844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30216532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Forecasting cohort incomplete fertility: A method and an application. 预测队列不完全生育:一种方法及应用。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2003-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/0032472032000137826
Nan Li, Zheng Wu
{"title":"Forecasting cohort incomplete fertility: A method and an application.","authors":"Nan Li,&nbsp;Zheng Wu","doi":"10.1080/0032472032000137826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0032472032000137826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing on insights from previous work on fertility forecasts, we develop a method for forecasting incomplete cohort fertility. Our approach involves two basic steps. First, we use a singular-value-decomposition (SVD) model to establish a relationship between the level and the age pattern of fertility for completed cohorts. This relationship is then applied to incomplete cohorts to obtain forecast fertility. We propose techniques to evaluate model assumptions and illustrate our method using cohort data from Canada, the USA, Norway, and Japan. With the exception of Japan, our results show that the model fits the data well, and that the youngest cohort whose total fertility can be reliably forecast is age 25 for Canada, the USA, and Norway. Our method is less applicable to Japan, where the youngest cohort whose total fertility could be forecast was age 35 or older. We discuss the limitations of our method in the context of model assumptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"303-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0032472032000137826","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30216531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Individual and community effects of women's education and autonomy on contraceptive use in India. 印度妇女教育和自主对避孕药具使用的个人和社区影响。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2003-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/0032472032000137817
Anne Moursund, Oystein Kravdal
{"title":"Individual and community effects of women's education and autonomy on contraceptive use in India.","authors":"Anne Moursund,&nbsp;Oystein Kravdal","doi":"10.1080/0032472032000137817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0032472032000137817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study makes use of the National Family Health Survey of 1998-99 to investigate whether differences in women's autonomy can explain much of the relationship between education and contraceptive use among married Indian women with at least one child. The analyses show that a woman's education does not influence her contraceptive use through a strengthening of her position in relation to that of men, but that the inclusion of a simple indicator of her general knowledge reduces education effects appreciably. Further, the average educational level of other women in the census-enumeration area has an effect on a woman's contraceptive use above and beyond that of her own education. This effect cannot be explained by the specific indicators of autonomy, but can to some extent be explained by the son preference of the community. The latter is a more general autonomy indicator that may also pick up other contextual factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"285-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/0032472032000137817","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30216530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 151
General growth balance method: A reformulation for populations open to migration. 一般增长平衡法:对移民开放的人口的一种重新表述。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00324720213798
P N Mari Bhat
{"title":"General growth balance method: A reformulation for populations open to migration.","authors":"P N Mari Bhat","doi":"10.1080/00324720213798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720213798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper proposes a reformulation of the general growth balance method for estimating census and registration completeness so as to make it applicable even to populations that are affected by migration. It also discusses a new procedure of line fitting that could be useful in countries where the input data are severely affected by age misreporting. The method is applicable to countries where data on age distribution of the population are available for two points in time from either censuses or surveys. Following closely the original proposal of Brass, it involves adjusting the 'partial' birth rates for age-specific disturbances from growth and migration rates. Beyond correcting the death rates, the method is useful in inferring the relative completeness of the censuses, and in deriving a robust estimate of birth rate under certain conditions. The application of the method is illustrated using the example of the male population of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh for the period 1981 to 1991.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"23-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00324720213798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30073132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 43
Economic status proxies in studies of fertility in developing countries: Does the measure matter? 发展中国家生育率研究中的经济地位代理:衡量标准重要吗?
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00324720213796
Kenneth A Bollen, Jennifer L Glanville, Guy Stecklov
{"title":"Economic status proxies in studies of fertility in developing countries: Does the measure matter?","authors":"Kenneth A Bollen,&nbsp;Jennifer L Glanville,&nbsp;Guy Stecklov","doi":"10.1080/00324720213796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720213796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigates the consequences of using different economic status proxies on the estimated impact of economic status and other determinants of fertility. Using micro survey data from Ghana and Peru, we find that the proxies for income that best predict fertility are a principal components score of the ownership of consumer durable goods and a simple sum of ownership of these durable goods. Furthermore, the choice of the proxy generally has a minor influence on the predicted effects of the control variables. We compare the results from using a restricted set of proxies, such as those available in the Demographic and Health Surveys, with the results obtained using a lengthier set of proxies. Our results suggest implications beyond fertility analyses by providing researchers with an awareness of the sensitivity of microanalyses to the treatment of economic status. Our results also suggest practical recommendations for the collection of survey data.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"81-96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00324720213796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30074236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 192
The compensation of Nazi Germany's forced labourers: Demographic findings and political implications. 纳粹德国强迫劳工的补偿:人口调查结果和政治含义。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00324720213800
Mark Spoerer, Jochen Fleischhacker
{"title":"The compensation of Nazi Germany's forced labourers: Demographic findings and political implications.","authors":"Mark Spoerer,&nbsp;Jochen Fleischhacker","doi":"10.1080/00324720213800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00324720213800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The debate on financial compensation for former forced labourers in Nazi Germany has raised the question of how many victims are still alive and eligible for compensation. Historical research has so far focused on qualitative aspects of the forced labour system. There are at best ad hoc estimates even for the number of foreign labourers in Nazi Germany during the war. We combine Nazi statistics with post-war demographic data for 20 countries to estimate the number of victims still alive. We then compare our estimates of survivors in mid-2000 with the numbers compensated under the German compensation settlement of July 2000. Although all parties involved in the settlement say that the compensation should benefit those victim groups most discriminated against in Nazi Germany, we find that the actual distribution of compensation payments is strongly influenced by bargaining power and political preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"5-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00324720213800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30073130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Expectations, gender, and norms in migration decision-making. 移民决策中的期望、性别和规范。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/713779089
Gordon F DE Jong
{"title":"Expectations, gender, and norms in migration decision-making.","authors":"Gordon F DE Jong","doi":"10.1080/713779089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713779089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper argues that expectations - the process of evaluating the chances for future attainment of valued goals in the home community (stay decision) vs. alternative locations (move decision) - along with family norms about migration are major predictors of intention to move, which in turn is a proximate determinant of migration behaviour. Utilizing longitudinal data from the 1992 and 1994 waves of the Thailand National Migration Survey, logistic regression models show that a strikingly different set of expectations, household demographic indicators, and migrant capital factors were significant determinants of migration intentions for men and women; reflecting Thai gender roles. Migration intentions, in turn, predicted more permanent, but not temporary, survival strategy migration behaviour, while low household income predicted temporary but not more permanent migration behaviour. The measure of perceived family migration norms was a powerful determinant of migration behaviour, but the size of migrant networks was not a statistically significant determinant of either migration intentions or behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"307-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/713779089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34983131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 349
Gender in population research: Confusing implications for health policy. 人口研究中的性别:对卫生政策的混乱影响。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/713779063
Alaka Malwade Basu
{"title":"Gender in population research: Confusing implications for health policy.","authors":"Alaka Malwade Basu","doi":"10.1080/713779063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713779063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper I discuss some of the health policy implications of an increasing trend in population research and in its interpretation and presentation - a trend to 'political correctness' - defined not in the popular, often derogatory, sense, but as an ideological commitment to certain principles. For one of these commitments, that to the notion of gender equality, greater strength and legitimacy is today commonly sought by tying it to other less controversial goals such as that of better health. But straining for connections between gender equality and positive health outcomes often unduly constrains the research question, the research methods, and the interpretation of the research. When health policy seeks guidance from this research, it can receive signals which are too often incomplete, silent on the many trade-offs of specific policy measures, and, ultimately, perhaps even detrimental to the very goals of gender equity and social justice from which they are derived. Examples of all these possibilities are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/713779063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34982534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
The evolution of cohabitation in Britain, 1960-95. 英国同居的演变，1960- 1995。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/713779062
Michael Murhpy
{"title":"The evolution of cohabitation in Britain, 1960-95.","authors":"Michael Murhpy","doi":"10.1080/713779062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713779062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent rise in cohabitation in Britain is analysed using data from large-scale surveys. There are major inconsistencies between different sources, and retrospective estimates are higher than values reported at the time. Retrospective data show markedly smaller numbers of cohabitation events just before survey date. I discuss reasons for discrepancies and conclude that no objective measure of cohabitation exists and that comparison of different types of data requires care. I combine the data to produce a much larger data set than hitherto available. Although cohabitation prevalence increased substantially during the 1970s and 1980s, there was little change in such characteristics as duration of cohabitation, ages of those cohabiting, and whether it occurred before first marriage or ended in marriage or breakdown. However, since the late 1980s, the average length of cohabitation has increased markedly, which may indicate a qualitative change in the nature of cohabitation in Britain.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"43-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/713779062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34982535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 91
Trends in cohabitation and implications for children s family contexts in the United States. 美国同居趋势及其对儿童家庭环境的影响。
IF 2.4
Population Studies Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/713779060
Larry Bumpass, Hsien-Hen Lu
{"title":"Trends in cohabitation and implications for children s family contexts in the United States.","authors":"Larry Bumpass,&nbsp;Hsien-Hen Lu","doi":"10.1080/713779060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/713779060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper documents increasing cohabitation in the United States, and the implications of this trend for the family lives of children. The stability of marriage-like relationships (including marriage and cohabitation) has decreased despite a constant divorce rate. Children increasingly live in cohabiting families either as a result of being born to cohabiting parents or of their mother s entry into a cohabiting union. The proportion of births to unmarried women born into cohabiting families increased from 29 to 39 per cent in the period 1980-84 to 1990-94, accounting for almost all of the increase in unmarried childbearing. As a consequence, about two-fifths of all children spend some time in a cohabiting family, and the greater instability of families begun by cohabitation means that children are also more likely to experience family disruption. Estimates from multi-state life tables indicate the extent to which the family lives of children are spent increasingly in cohabiting families and decreasingly in married families.</p>","PeriodicalId":501679,"journal":{"name":"Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/713779060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34982536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1253
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