Journal of Optical Communications and Networking最新文献

{"title":"Integrated 800 Gb/s O-band WDM optical transceiver enabled by hybrid InP-polymer photonic integration","authors":"Efstathios Andrianopoulos;Konstantinos Tokas;David de Felipe;Michael Theurer;Madeleine Weigel;Annachiara Pagano;Kostantina Kanta;Martin Kresse;Giorgos Megas;Christos Tsokos;Christos Kouloumentas;Anna Chiado Piat;Zerihun Tegegne;Maria Massaouti;Paraskevas Bakopoulos;Martin Moehrle;Patrick Runge;Norbert Keil;Panos Groumas;Hercules Avramopoulos","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522903","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.522903","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and demonstrate a novel O-band wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical transceiver enabled by the hybrid photonic integration of indium phosphide (InP) components into a polymer-based photonic motherboard called PolyBoard. The optical engine hosts an eight-fold InP electro-absorption modulated laser (EML) array at the transmitter part exhibiting \u0000<tex>${gt}{{35}};{rm{GHz}}$</tex>\u0000 electro-optical bandwidth and an eight-fold InP photodiode (PD) array at the receiver part with 50 GHz bandwidth, butt-end coupled to the PolyBoard motherboard, which accommodates passive arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) at the transmitter and receiver sides, responsible for performing the wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing functionalities, respectively. What we believe to be a novel thin-film-based O-band half-wave plate is placed at the receiver side AWG, ensuring the polarization insensitivity of the prototype. The optical engine’s design is discussed in the manuscript, demonstrating experimental results from its static and dynamic evaluation. Individual characterization of the transmitter and receiver sides of the optical engine is presented before evaluating the optical engine as a whole in a loopback configuration. The obtained results underscore the potential of the proposed hybrid photonic integrated transceiver for supporting 800 Gb/s capacity in intra-datacenter optical interconnects for transmission distances up to 2 km.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-to-end optimization of optical communication systems based on directly modulated lasers","authors":"Sergio Hernandez;Christophe Peucheret;Francesco Da Ros;Darko Zibar","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522761","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.522761","url":null,"abstract":"The use of directly modulated lasers (DMLs) is attractive in low-power, cost-constrained short-reach optical links. However, their limited modulation bandwidth can induce waveform distortion, undermining their data throughput. Traditional distortion mitigation techniques have relied mainly on the separate training of transmitter-side pre-distortion and receiver-side equalization. This approach overlooks the potential gains obtained by simultaneous optimization of the transmitter (constellation and pulse shaping) and receiver (equalization and symbol demapping). Moreover, in the context of DML operation, the choice of laser-driving configuration parameters such as the bias current and peak-to-peak modulation current has a significant impact on system performance. We propose, to our knowledge, a novel end-to-end optimization approach for DML systems, incorporating the learning of bias and peak-to-peak modulation current to the optimization of constellation points, pulse shaping, and equalization. The simulation of the DML dynamics is based on the use of the laser rate equations at symbol rates between 15 and 25 Gbaud. The resulting output sequences from the rate equations are used to build a differentiable data-driven model, simplifying the calculation of gradients needed for end-to-end optimization. The proposed end-to-end approach is compared to three additional benchmark approaches: the uncompensated system without equalization, a receiver-side finite impulse response equalization approach, and an end-to-end approach with learnable pulse shape and nonlinear Volterra equalization but fixed bias and peak-to-peak modulation current. The numerical simulations on the four approaches show that the joint optimization of bias, peak-to-peak current, constellation points, pulse shaping, and equalization outperforms all other approaches throughout the tested symbol rates.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priority-weight-based computing and spectrum resource scheduling for dependent tasks in EON-supported computing first networks","authors":"Jingjie Xin;Xin Li;Lu Zhang;Yongjun Zhang;Shanguo Huang","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522386","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.522386","url":null,"abstract":"The computing first network (CFN) supported by the elastic optical network (EON) is proposed as an innovative information infrastructure, where end users can access computing resources on demand. However, since the link capacity is limited, the network capacity bottleneck may cause task offloading failures even with sufficient computing resources. This paper proposes a cost-efficient computing and spectrum resource scheduling scheme to solve the above problem. The goal is to determine offloading decisions for dependent tasks by minimizing the completion delay and the energy consumption on computing nodes powered by non-green energy (i.e., non-green energy consumption). A priority-weight-based computing and spectrum resource scheduling (PW-CSRS) algorithm is proposed, which can sort the execution order of sub-tasks and optimize computing node selection and spectrum allocation. PW-CSRS is compared with three benchmarks in the 52-node and 33-node systems, and simulation results show that PW-CSRS can effectively improve the acceptance ratio and reduce non-green energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141117000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Software-defined optical networking applications enabled by programmable integrated photonics","authors":"Zhenyun Xie;David Sanchez-Jacome;Luis Torrijos-Moran;Daniel Perez-Lopez","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.521505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.521505","url":null,"abstract":"Data center networks are experiencing unprecedented exponential growth, mostly driven by the continuous computing demands in machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms. Within this realm, optical networking offers numerous advantages, including low latency, energy efficiency, and bandwidth transparency, positioning it as a compelling alternative to its electronic counterparts. In this work, we showcase a range of software-defined optical networking applications deployed on a general-purpose programmable integrated photonic processor. Leveraging graph-based theory, we experimentally demonstrate dynamic optical interconnects, circuit switching, and multicasting on the same photonic platform, yielding remarkable results in terms of crosstalk and reconfiguration speed. Our approach harnesses the benefits of reconfigurability and reliability, paving the way for a new generation of high-performance optical devices tailored for data center and computing clusters.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photonic WDM switches architecture for multi-band optical networks","authors":"Shiyi Xia;Zhouyi Hu;Marijn Rombouts;Henrique Freire Santana;Yu Wang;Aref Rasoulzadeh Zali;Oded Raz;Nicola Calabretta","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522806","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.522806","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing the capacity, low cost, and low power challenges of 6G distribution networks, this paper proposes and demonstrates a multi-band optical metro-access network architecture employing semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) switches as low-cost and low-power multi-band optical add-drop multiplexers (MB-OADMs) to extend the capacity beyond C-band limits. We implemented and evaluated the performance of an SOA-based MB-OADM prototype in the C- and O-bands including the network reconfigurability, the node scalability, and the capability to support high-capacity transmission. Experimental results show that the MB-OADM-based network maintains high optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) values up to 35.38 dB in the C-band and 33.56 dB in the O-band over 100 km across five nodes with a 20 km linkspan in between (a total of 100 km) without additional optical amplifiers at 25 Gbps. This work also assesses the MB-OADM-based network scalability in terms of nodes and data rate. Results indicated that the architecture supports cascading through nine C-band nodes over 45 km with a 3.6 dB power penalty at 25 Gbps for a bit error rate (BER) of \u0000<tex>${{10}^{- 6}}$</tex>\u0000 and through four O-band nodes with a 3 dB penalty at 25 Gbps for a BER of \u0000<tex>${{10}^{- 6}}$</tex>\u0000, maintaining nearly uniform power levels across channels at a BER under the FEC threshold. It successfully demonstrates PAM-4 at 50 Gbps and 100 Gbps data rate transmission operation crossing four nodes over a 4 km distance, with 2 dB and 2.4 dB power penalty at a BER of \u0000<tex>${{10}^{- 3}}$</tex>\u0000 in the C-band and 1.85 dB and 2.2 dB power penalty at a BER of \u0000<tex>${{10}^{- 3}}$</tex>\u0000 in the O-band, respectively.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141116733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of flexibility in current and future IM-DD based TDM-PON [Invited]","authors":"Doutje van Veen;Amitkumar Mahadevan;Michael Straub;Robert Borkowski;Rene Bonk;Vincent Houtsma","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.517487","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.517487","url":null,"abstract":"Due to continuously emerging high bandwidth applications, research and standardization of time division multiplexed passive optical networks (TDM-PONs) have focused on increasing the peak bitrate. However, increasing the bitrate while supporting the stringent optical power budget of a PON becomes increasingly challenging because of the larger chromatic dispersion penalties as well as reduced receiver sensitivity when the bitrate of the intensity modulation with direct-detection (IM-DD) based PON is increased. Also, increasing bitrate generally causes higher power consumption, which leads to more challenging thermal designs and misalignment with environmental targets. In this paper we give an overview of flexible concepts that can help achieve the required optical power budget and support reduced power consumption of a future IM-DD based TDM-PON. We demonstrate that a flexible PON can provide an increased overall throughput or an extended reach and power budget with the use of flexible modulation formats, probabilistic and geometric shaping, and flexible rate forward error correction (FEC). Another dimension of flexibility in the form of a configurable optical distribution network (ODN) is described and its merits and challenges are discussed. Flexible concepts based on interleaving of FEC codewords can align signal processing like FEC decoding and the protocol processing closer to the user-rate of an optical network unit (ONU), which leads to reduced power consumption. Flexibility based on multiple channels based on wavelength multiplexing or spatial multiplexing enables optimization of the power consumption to the amount of traffic on the PON. Several flexible concepts have already been adopted in the PON standards. We highlight flexible gain FEC for upstream 50G PON, the transmitter dispersion eye closure (TDEC) metric, and the flexible split-ratio ODN for power saving. Flexible modulation has not been adopted yet in PON standards, but it is expected that flexibility is more and more needed to support the performance, cost effectiveness, and power conservation of future optical access systems.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centralized full-duplex seamless photonic mmW fronthaul link based on phase modulation","authors":"J. Bohata;M. Botella-Campos;J. Mora;B. Ortega;S. Zvanovec","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.514977","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.514977","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally demonstrate a photonic full-duplex seamless millimeter wave fronthaul link, based on phase modulation, to address the challenges arising from the increased demands on the mobile fronthaul capacity and network densification toward 5G and beyond. The proposed system relies on phase modulation techniques, implemented at both the central office (CO) and remote radio head (RRH), to achieve optical frequency up-conversion of the downlink (DL) signal and optical modulation of the down-converted uplink (UL) signal. Furthermore, our approach includes the frequency down-conversion of the 40 GHz UL signal through an optically generated local oscillator (LO) signal in the RRH, while the laser employed for UL data transmission is situated at the CO, simplifying the remote site’s equipment. An optical waveshaper serves here as a programmable optical filter to provide signals for DL frequency up-conversion, LO generation, and also the optical carrier for UL transmission. In our experimental validation, we have tested our proposed system using 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) for the DL at a frequency of 41 GHz and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) for the UL at a frequency of 40 GHz. Notably, our results demonstrate the successful transmission of up to 200 MHz bandwidth for both digital modulation schemes, all while maintaining the error vector magnitude (EVM) well below the specified threshold. Additionally, when employing 5G new radio (NR) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals with the same modulation formats for both links in full-duplex communication, we achieved EVM values as low as 5.2% for the DL and 6.9% for the UL, further highlighting the efficacy and robustness of our proposed solution.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DSP-based inter-channel interference monitoring in flexible wavelength-routed networks","authors":"Leonardo Minelli;Gabriella Bosco;Stefano Straullu;Antonino Nespola;Stefano Piciaccia;Dario Pilori","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.523440","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.523440","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of optical networks employing flexible wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) can be increased by maximizing the throughput of each individual channel, provided that the position of its neighboring channel is known with sufficient accuracy in order to avoid inter-channel interference. In this paper, we propose a digital signal processing (DSP) algorithm, leveraging the use of an artificial neural network (ANN), to estimate the neighboring channels’ distance by processing raw digital samples from a standard coherent receiver. We present an efficient dataset design approach, based on Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), in order to effectively optimize and validate the algorithm under different assumptions on the optical WDM channels. We investigate the accuracy of the ANN-based DSP scheme through simulation analysis, highlighting its potential in relation to the characteristics of the optical network. Finally, we validate our approach in an experimental setup using standard commercial coherent transceivers. The experimental results show that the distance from the neighboring WDM channels can be estimated with a root mean square error of less than 1.5 GHz for a channel under test with a symbol rate of 52 GBaud.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AlarmGPT: an intelligent alarm analyzer for optical networks using a generative pre-trained transformer","authors":"Yidi Wang;Chunyu Zhang;Jin Li;Yue Pang;Lifang Zhang;Min Zhang;Danshi Wang","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.521913","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.521913","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferating development of optical networks has broadened the network scope and caused a corresponding rise in equipment deployment. This growth potentially results in a significant number of alarms in the case of equipment malfunctions or broken fiber. Managing these alarms efficiently and accurately has always been a critical concern within the research and industry community. The alarm processing workflow typically includes filtration, analysis, and diagnostic stages. In current optical networks, these procedures are often performed by experienced engineers, utilizing their expert knowledge and extensive experience. This method requires considerable human resources and time, as well as demanding proficiency prerequisites. To address this issue, we propose an intelligent alarm analysis assistant, “AlarmGPT,” for optical networks, utilizing a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) and LangChain. The proposed AlarmGPT exhibits a high level of semantic comprehension and contextual awareness of alarm data, significantly enhancing the model’s ability of interpreting, classifying, and solving alarm events. Through verification of extensive alarm data collected from real optical transport networks (OTNs), the usability of AlarmGPT has been validated in the tasks of alarm knowledge Q&A, alarm compression, alarm priority analysis, and alarm diagnosis. This method has the potential to significantly reduce the labor and time required for alarm processing, while also lowering the experiential requisites incumbent upon network operators.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient statistical QoT-aware resource allocation in EONs over the C+L-band: a multi-period and low-margin perspective","authors":"Mahdieh Mehrabi;Hamzeh Beyranvand;Mohammad Javad Emadi;Farhad Arpanaei","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.515081","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.515081","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, multi-band elastic optical networks (MB-EONs) have been considered a viable solution to increase the transmission bandwidth in optical networks. To improve spectral efficiency and reduce the blocking ratio, the general signal-to-noise ratio (GSNR) as a quality-of-transmission (QoT) metric must be accurately calculated in the routing, modulation level, and spectrum assignment algorithms used in elastic optical networks (EONs). The interference prediction methods commonly used for single-band EONs are not efficient in the case of MB-EONs because of the inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering impact and their wide spectrum. In this paper, we propose a statistical method to predict the interference noise in C+L-band EONs considering multi-period planning. The proposed algorithm, which utilizes the predicted total number of channels (PTNC) on each link for given requests, is a low-margin, fast, and cost-effective method. Additionally, the proposed PTNC algorithm can also be used for single-period planning. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed PTNC algorithm combines the advantages of both studied benchmark algorithms. It has a low complexity order and execution time that are comparable to those of the fully loaded algorithm, which is currently employed by the network operators. However, this benchmark does not achieve the best spectral efficiency. Furthermore, the PTNC method and the other benchmark that determines margin through an exhaustive search, referred to as margin exhaustive search (MES), achieve remarkable spectral efficiency and residual capacity with fewer transceivers, resulting in lower capital expenditure requirements. Nevertheless, the MES algorithm may not be practical due to the requirement of reconfiguring established lightpaths and its high complexity order, particularly in multi-period planning.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}