Journal of Optical Communications and Networking最新文献_第8页

Operation of optical spectrum as a service in disaggregated and multi-operator environments [Invited] 在分解和多运营商环境中将光频谱作为服务运营 [特邀]

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.534118

Kaida Kaeval;Klaus Grobe;Jorg-Peter Elbers

{"title":"Operation of optical spectrum as a service in disaggregated and multi-operator environments [Invited]","authors":"Kaida Kaeval;Klaus Grobe;Jorg-Peter Elbers","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.534118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.534118","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber optical communication networks are the backbone of our interconnected digital environments. Motivated by vendor neutrality and better utilization of the vacant optical spectrum in dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) networks, the operators are interested in implementing optical spectrum as a service (OSaaS) in their networks. In the OSaaS service model, the DWDM network operator grants the end customer direct access to the spectral resources in the DWDM system, and the transceiver equipment purchase, its operation, and future upgrades are the responsibility of the service end customer. If the spectral resources are available in adjacent network segments and the performance of the individual segment is adequate, OSaaS allows optical signals to be operated over thousands of kilometers, traversing multiple domains. These domains can be owned by different operators and built using different DWDM network technologies, utilizing different components and channel plans. This can pose a threat to the network integrity, as today, no dedicated demarcation points exist to police the received and transmitted signals as per the next domain’s requirements. This paper reviews the readily available equipment to provide demarcation functions between the operator domains and introduces an infrastructure-, DWDM technology-, vendor-, and domain-independent optical demarcation device called the network domain interface device (NeDID). We discuss how NeDID provides signal policing and compatibility monitoring, enabling a new, infrastructure-independent networking concept—a transparent optical overlay network (TOON). We further explain the ownership of the NeDID devices and investigate the techno-economic benefits of operating flexible and secure OSaaS over any underlying optical network infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 1","pages":"A46-A58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction to the JOCN Special Issue on Spatial Parallelism for Next-Generation High-Capacity Transport Networks 下一代大容量运输网络的空间并行性》JOCN 特刊简介

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.546630

Yvan Pointurier;Hiroshi Hasegawa;Nihel Benzaoui;Jesse Simsarian

引用次数: 0

Multi-span optical power spectrum prediction using cascaded learning with one-shot end-to-end measurement 利用级联学习和一次端到端测量进行多跨度光功率谱预测

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.533634

Zehao Wang;Yue-Kai Huang;Shaobo Han;Daniel Kilper;Tingjun Chen

{"title":"Multi-span optical power spectrum prediction using cascaded learning with one-shot end-to-end measurement","authors":"Zehao Wang;Yue-Kai Huang;Shaobo Han;Daniel Kilper;Tingjun Chen","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.533634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.533634","url":null,"abstract":"Scalable methods for optical transmission performance prediction using machine learning (ML) are studied in metro reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) networks. A cascaded learning framework is introduced to encompass the use of cascaded component models for end-to-end (E2E) optical path prediction augmented with different combinations of E2E performance data and models. Additional E2E optical path data and models are used to reduce the prediction error accumulation in the cascade. Off-line training (pre-trained prior to deployment) and transfer learning are used for component-level erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) gain models to ensure scalability. Considering channel power prediction, we show that the data collection process of the pre-trained EDFA model can be reduced to only 5% of the original training set using transfer learning. We evaluate the proposed method under three different topologies with field deployed fibers and achieve a mean absolute error of 0.16 dB with a single (one-shot) E2E measurement on the deployed 6-span system with 12 EDFAs.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 1","pages":"A23-A33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-high-capacity band and space division multiplexing backbone EONs: multi-core versus multi-fiber 超大容量频带和空分复用主干 EON：多核与多光纤

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.533086

Farhad Arpanaei;Mahdi Ranjbar Zefreh;Carlos Natalino;Piotr Lechowicz;Shuangyi Yan;Jose M. Rivas-Moscoso;Oscar Gonzalez de Dios;Juan Pedro Fernandez-Palacios;Hami Rabbani;Maite Brandt-Pearce;Alfonso Sanchez-Macian;Jose Alberto Hernandez;David Larrabeiti;Paolo Monti

{"title":"Ultra-high-capacity band and space division multiplexing backbone EONs: multi-core versus multi-fiber","authors":"Farhad Arpanaei;Mahdi Ranjbar Zefreh;Carlos Natalino;Piotr Lechowicz;Shuangyi Yan;Jose M. Rivas-Moscoso;Oscar Gonzalez de Dios;Juan Pedro Fernandez-Palacios;Hami Rabbani;Maite Brandt-Pearce;Alfonso Sanchez-Macian;Jose Alberto Hernandez;David Larrabeiti;Paolo Monti","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.533086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.533086","url":null,"abstract":"Both multi-band and space division multiplexing (SDM) independently represent cost-effective approaches for next-generation optical backbone networks, particularly as data exchange between core data centers reaches the petabit-per-second scale. This paper focuses on different strategies for implementing band and SDM elastic optical network (BSDM EON) technology and analyzes the total network capacity of three sizes of backbone metro-core networks: ultra-long-, long-, and medium-distance networks related to the United States, Japan, and Spain, respectively. Two BSDM strategies are considered, namely, multi-core fibers (MCFs) and BSDM based on standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) bundles of multi-fiber pairs (BuMFPs). For MCF-based BSDM, we evaluated the performance of four manufactured trench-assisted weakly coupled (TAWC) MCFs with 4, 7, 13, and 19 cores. Simulation results reveal that, in the regime of ultra-low (UL) loss and inter-core crosstalk (ICXT), MCF-based throughput can be up to 14% higher than SSMF BuMFP-based BSDM when the core pitch exceeds 43 µm and the loss coefficient is lower than that of standard single-mode fibers. However, increasing the number of cores with (non-)standard cladding diameters, UL loss, and ICXT coefficient is not beneficial. As core counts increase up to 13 for non-standard cladding diameters (\u0000<tex>${lt}230;{unicode{x00B5}{rm m}}$</tex>\u0000), the core pitch and loss coefficient also increase, leading to degraded performance of MCF-based BSDM compared to SSMF BuMFP-based BSDM. The results indicate that, in scenarios with 19 MFPs, SSFM BuMFP-based BSDM outperforms 19-core MCF-based scenarios, increasing the throughput by 55% to 73%, from medium-backbone networks to ultra-long ones.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"H66-H78"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142595084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polarity management of multicore fiber-based optical devices in unidirectional and bidirectional spatial channel networks 单向和双向空间信道网络中基于多芯光纤的光设备极性管理

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.532960

Masahiko Jinno;Rika Tahara;Kyosuke Nakada;Takuma Izumi;Kako Matsumoto

{"title":"Polarity management of multicore fiber-based optical devices in unidirectional and bidirectional spatial channel networks","authors":"Masahiko Jinno;Rika Tahara;Kyosuke Nakada;Takuma Izumi;Kako Matsumoto","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.532960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.532960","url":null,"abstract":"Uncoupled multicore fibers (MCFs) are expected to be the first to be commercially deployed due to their high compatibility with existing single-mode fiber technologies. Since MCFs have a 3D shape, they generally exhibit connection polarity. Thus, optical devices based on MCFs also generally have polarity, which will complicate the core resource assignment and end-to-end core connections in future MCF-based spatial channel networks (SCNs). In this paper, we first discuss the polarity of MCF-based optical devices (MODs) such as MCF patch cords, spatial multiplexers (SMUXs), core selective switches (CSSs), and core selectors (CSs). We then propose a definition for global core numbers in a two-MCF unidirectional (2MCF-UD) SCN and a single-MCF bidirectional (1MCF-BD) SCN. We also propose a method for managing the polarity of MODs and correctly connecting cores end-to-end. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed global core numbering and polarity management method for MODs, testbeds emulating a 2MCF-UD SCN and a 1MCF-BD SCN are constructed using prototype CSS, CS, and SMUX devices. By using light with different optical frequencies as input and observing the output spectrum, we confirm that the spatial channel specified by the global core number is established correctly end-to-end in the SCN if the polarity of the MODs is set correctly.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"H53-H65"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probabilistic path computation and frequency assignment to mitigate spectral fragmentation in elastic optical networks 通过概率路径计算和频率分配缓解弹性光网络中的频谱碎片问题

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.538610

Francois Moore;Andrea Fumagalli

引用次数: 0

Layout design of densest weakly coupled multi-core fibers to minimize the network blocking rate 最密集弱耦合多芯光纤的布局设计，最大限度降低网络阻塞率

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.531706

Yuya Seki;Yosuke Tanigawa;Yusuke Hirota;Hideki Tode

{"title":"Layout design of densest weakly coupled multi-core fibers to minimize the network blocking rate","authors":"Yuya Seki;Yosuke Tanigawa;Yusuke Hirota;Hideki Tode","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.531706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.531706","url":null,"abstract":"The suppression of inter-core crosstalk (IC-XT) that affects each lightpath is crucial for resource allocation in space-division multiplexing elastic optical networks (SDM-EONs) with multi-core fibers (MCFs). Resource allocation approaches that limit the simultaneous use of adjacent cores in the same frequency band to the MCFs composing each lightpath have been widely adopted to suppress IC-XT. However, in principle, such methods are inefficient because they cannot fully utilize all cores. This study examines the core density from the perspective of the core layout in weakly coupled MCFs and the IC-XT suppression requirement. The densest MCF layout maximizes the network capacity while restricting the amount of IC-XT within the tolerance threshold for each lightpath. Specifically, we propose an XT-free condition, maintaining the IC-XT to each lightpath within the acceptable tolerance level. In addition, we evaluated numerous MCFs that satisfy or do not satisfy the XT-free condition with various network topologies and cladding diameters. This evaluation also validates the IC-XT reduction performance of the proposed framework compared with that of the conventional resource-allocation approach. Here, we incorporate our indirect IC-XT calculation method that affects lightpaths from other cores via its nearest cores, which was overlooked in the resource allocation problem. Based on these comprehensive examinations, we propose a method to determine the densest core layout for a given network topology and route and modulation format selection algorithm.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"H40-H52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical Networking Gym: an open-source toolkit for resource assignment problems in optical networks 光网络健身房：用于解决光网络资源分配问题的开源工具包

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.532850

Carlos Natalino;Talles Magalhaes;Farhad Arpanaei;Fabricio R. L. Lobato;Joao C. W. A. Costa;Jose Alberto Hernandez;Paolo Monti

{"title":"Optical Networking Gym: an open-source toolkit for resource assignment problems in optical networks","authors":"Carlos Natalino;Talles Magalhaes;Farhad Arpanaei;Fabricio R. L. Lobato;Joao C. W. A. Costa;Jose Alberto Hernandez;Paolo Monti","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.532850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.532850","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic provisioning of optical network services requires algorithms to find a suitable solution given the specific service requirements and the current network state. These algorithms are usually evaluated using a software simulator developed ad hoc, which may require different levels of detail depending on the problem addressed and how realistic the evaluation needs to be. Moreover, to demonstrate they are a significant contribution to the field, these new algorithms must be benchmarked against the best-performing previously proposed solutions. Due to the large set of parameters and their wide range of possible values, benchmarking algorithms from the literature is not straightforward and can quickly become challenging and time-consuming. This work introduces the Optical Networking Gym, an open-source toolkit that simplifies implementing optical resource assignment simulations and benchmarking new solutions against previously published algorithms. The toolkit provides environments modeling relevant optical networking scenarios, common algorithms for solving problems related to these scenarios, and a set of scripts to prepare and execute simulations for various use cases. Currently, four environments are available, with the possibility of increasing this number through contributions from the co-authors and the community. This paper describes the architecture, interface, environments, and scripts included with the toolkit. We adopt the quality of transmission (QoT)-aware dynamic resource allocation of optical services as the network scenario under examination. Three use cases highlight the toolkit’s modularity, flexibility, and performance. The toolkit allows researchers to streamline the process of developing simulation scenarios and algorithms, enhancing their ability to benchmark their algorithms.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"G40-G51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive learning enabled agile optical network 认知学习支持敏捷光网络

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.538632

Yijun Cheng;Zejun Chen;Zihe Hu;Meng Xiang;Zhijun Yan;Yuwen Qin;Songnian Fu

{"title":"Cognitive learning enabled agile optical network","authors":"Yijun Cheng;Zejun Chen;Zihe Hu;Meng Xiang;Zhijun Yan;Yuwen Qin;Songnian Fu","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.538632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.538632","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinear equalization (NLE) is essential for guaranteeing the performance of an optical network (ON). Effective NLE implementation relies on key parameters of the transmission link, including the modulation format (MF) and the launch power. As ONs become more agile, the parameters of fiber optical transmission need to be adaptive and relevant to the routing condition. Therefore, successful NLE implementation relies on the realization of transmission awareness (TA). Although machine learning-enabled optical performance monitoring (OPM) has been extensively investigated in the past few years, current NLE algorithms cannot autonomously perceive transmission parameters. Furthermore, current TA implementation still needs human intervention to guide the NLE. In addition, existing ML-based OPM and NLE cannot be trained autonomously, leading to the incapability of environmental change and mislabeling. Here, we propose cognitive learning (CL) for TA-guided NLE in agile ONs. We perform an experiment involving 32 Gbaud polarization-division-multiplexed (PDM)-quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)/16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) transmission over 1500 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with a variable launch power from 0 to 3 dBm. When a deep neural network (DNN) with amplitude histograms (AHs) as inputs and one step per span-learned digital back-propagation (1stps-LDBP) are developed, the CL simultaneously enables both TA and NLE, with the capability of self-learning, mislabeling resistance, and dynamic adaptation. The proof-of-concept experimental results indicate that both the accuracy of TA and the Q-factor of PDM-16QAM can be improved by 34.8% and 0.84 dB, respectively, when the launch power is 3 dBm. Moreover, the accuracy of TA is enhanced by 35.3%, even when the used data has 30% mislabeling. Therefore, the CL framework can be customized to satisfy various NLE implementations, thereby supporting the adaptive transmission of agile ONs.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 11","pages":"1170-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lifelong QoT prediction: an adaptation to real-world optical networks 终生 QoT 预测：适应真实世界的光网络

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.531851

Qihang Wang;Zhuojun Cai;Faisal Nadeem Khan

{"title":"Lifelong QoT prediction: an adaptation to real-world optical networks","authors":"Qihang Wang;Zhuojun Cai;Faisal Nadeem Khan","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.531851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.531851","url":null,"abstract":"Predicting the quality of transmission (QoT) is a critical task in the management and optimization of modern fiber-optic networks. Traditional machine learning (ML) QoT prediction models, typically trained on pre-collected datasets, are designed to make long-term predictions once deployed. However, this static training strategy often falls short in the face of time-dependent network evolution and variations. We identify the root cause of these shortcomings as shifts in data distribution, which are not accounted for in conventional static models. In response to these challenges, we propose an online continual learning pipeline that is specifically designed for stable QoT prediction in optical networks. This pipeline directly addresses the problem of distribution shifts by continuously updating the prediction model in response to real-time network data. We explore and compare various strategies within this framework and demonstrate that the integration of the adaptive retraining strategy and the regularized online continual learning algorithm (OCL-REG) significantly enhances the QoT prediction stability while optimizing the resource efficiency. OCL-REG demonstrates superior adaptability and stability, achieving an average cumulative mean squared error (C-MSE) of 0.19 on a testbench with a data distribution shift sequence containing 1000 batches. Moreover, the OCL-REG model requires fewer samples for adaptation, averaging around 107 samples, compared to the conventional retraining strategy, which requires an average of 253 samples. Our approach presents a paradigm shift in QoT prediction, moving from a static to a dynamic, lifelong learning model that is more attuned to the evolving realities of real fiber-optic networks.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 11","pages":"1159-1169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0