Journal of Optical Communications and Networking最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic control, routing, and resource assignment in multi-granular optical node topologies combining wavelength, waveband, and spatial switching for 6G transport networks [Invited]","authors":"Varsha Lohani;Raul Munoz;Ramon Casellas;Lluis Gifre Renom;Carlos Manso;Ricard Vilalta;Ricardo Martinez","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.534789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.534789","url":null,"abstract":"Effective management of end-to-end 6G network services is crucial, with peak capacity requirements for 6G transport connections expected to exceed 1 Tb/s. As demand for high bandwidth rises, there is a growing necessity for high-capacity optical fiber links, including ultra-wideband (UWB) and multiple fiber links within the network. Scaling up to accommodate these demands, designing wavelength-selective switches (WSSs) for such networks significantly increases the port count. To tackle this issue, we propose various multi-granular optical node (MG-ON) architectures utilizing heterogeneous wavelength, waveband, and spatial switching. We evaluate these architectures’ performance against high-capacity wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) networks through various simulation parameters.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 1","pages":"A59-A70"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142777853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging PLOAM messaging for environmental temperature mapping in aerial-deployed time-division multiple access PONs","authors":"Borja Vidal;Cristian Salgado-Cazorla","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.530723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.530723","url":null,"abstract":"The use of optical access networks with aerial-deployed fiber for deriving maps of environmental temperature is investigated. Telecom operators have thousands of kilometers of deployed fiber to provide last-mile broadband services, which could be leveraged to extract temperature information with no additional cost since data are already available as part of the physical layer operations, administration, and maintenance (PLOAM) traffic. Here, it is shown how this information can be used to develop maps of environmental temperature as a method to complement present weather observation platforms. Preliminary experimental results with a G.984 passive optical network (PON) in operation show the feasibility of the technique.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142777852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green traffic grooming in IP-over-WDM satellite optical networks","authors":"Yu Liu;Xin Li;Zhennan Zheng;Daixuan Li;Tianhao Liu;Feiyang Ruan;Chenyu Zhao;Shanguo Huang","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.539526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.539526","url":null,"abstract":"With the ability to provide worldwide communication coverage, satellite networks are drawing greater attention. The translucent optical payload enables the implementation of IP-over-WDM satellite optical networks (SONs), which can achieve great bandwidth capacity while providing the flexibility of IP routing. The rechargeable battery is the sole energy support for satellites in the eclipse region. Unrestrained discharge will accelerate battery aging and shorten the satellite operation period, causing extremely high expenditure costs. Satellite movement causes time-scheduled energy supply and traffic fluctuation, complicating the problem of energy consumption in IP-over-WDM SONs. This paper studies green traffic grooming (GTG) in IP-over-WDM SONs from the perspective of battery lifetime consumption (BLC). A grooming graph is designed to implement GTG with the physical impairment constraint in IP-over-WDM SONs, and battery-aware GTG (BA-GTG) and time-aware GTG (TA-GTG) are proposed by taking battery information and time information as prior knowledge. Numerical results indicate that BA-GTG and TA-GTG, especially the latter, can effectively reduce BLC. In addition, multiple link configurations are set in performance comparison to evaluate the effect of the physical impairment on battery efficiency in IP-over-WDM SONs.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1275-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142736532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital-twin-based active input refinement for insertion loss estimation and QoT optimization in C and C + L networks","authors":"Xin Yang;Chenyu Sun;Gabriel Charlet;Massimo Tornatore;Yvan Pointurier","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.537734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.537734","url":null,"abstract":"Quality of transmission (QoT) prediction is a fundamental function in optical networks. It is typically embedded within a digital twin and used for operational tasks, including service establishment, service rerouting, and (per-channel or per-amplifier) power management to optimize the working point of services and hence to maximize their capacity. Inaccuracy in QoT prediction results in additional, unwanted design margins. A key contributor to QoT inaccuracy is the uncertain knowledge of fiber insertion loss, e.g., the attenuation due to connector losses at the beginning or at the end of each fiber span, as such loss cannot be directly monitored. Indeed, insertion losses drive the choice of the launch power in fiber spans, which in turn drive key physical effects, including the Kerr and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effects, which affect services’ QoT. It is thus important to estimate (and detect possibly anomalous) fiber insertion losses at each span. We thereby propose a novel active input refinement (AIR) technique using active probing to estimate insertion losses in C and C + L systems. Here, active probing consists of adjusting amplifier gains span by span to slightly alter SRS. The amount of adjustment must be sufficient to be measurable (such that insertion losses can be inferred from the measures) but small enough to have a negligible impact on running services in a live network. The method is validated by simulations on a European network with 30 optical multiplex sections (OMSs) in C and C + L configurations and by lab experiments on a C-band network, demonstrating that AIR significantly improves insertion loss estimation, network QoT optimization, and QoT prediction compared with other state-of-the-art monitoring techniques. This work underscores the critical role of accurate estimation of QoT inputs in enhancing optical network performance.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1261-1274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142736533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation-adaptive resource allocation integrating ML-based routing and QoT estimation for elastic optical network planning","authors":"Yuansen Cheng;Shifeng Ding;Chun-Kit Chan","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.536592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.536592","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a pointer network-based joint routing, modulation format, and spectrum allocation (PtrNet-RMSA) scheme to optimize the network capacity in elastic optical networks (EONs). Specifically, for a service request, EON spectra are first split into multiple spectrum window planes (SWPs), regarding various numbers of contained frequency slots (FSs). Then, over each SWP, a lightpath with an optimal estimated quality of transmission (QoT) is generated using a PtrNet-based routing agent. Further, different modulation formats are verified for the generated lightpath over the considered SWP, with respect to a calculated QoT threshold, to check whether a specific preforward error correction (FEC) requirement can be satisfied. Finally, two heuristic approaches, first fit and highest fit, are applied in the joint RMSA to select an optimal lightpath of an SWP and modulation format. To evaluate the efficiency of the PtrNet-RMSA scheme, extensive simulations were conducted in EONs with dynamic traffic. Results show that the proposed PtrNet-RMSA scheme can significantly improve the network capacity with various network topologies, compared with two benchmarks.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1249-1260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142736345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photonic gateway architecture extension and guard time-free initial connection method with point-to-multipoint remote control for metro/access converged all-photonics network","authors":"Shin Kaneko;Yasutaka Kimura;Ryo Igarashi;Naotaka Shibata;Takahiro Suzuki;Masamichi Fujiwara;Jun-Ichi Kani;Tomoaki Yoshida","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.533180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.533180","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging use cases with demanding bandwidth and latency requirements, as well as the challenge of reducing power consumption, are driving the need for evolution in optical network architectures. An all-photonics metro-access converged network (APN) aims to actualize a flat architecture by expanding dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) metro networks into access areas. The APN flexibly and dynamically provides optical connectivity between any two points, even across the boundaries between access and metro areas according to individual application requirements and traffic-load status. To actualize and further evolve the APN concept, several technical challenges regarding access nodes, defined as Photonic Gateways (GWs), still remain. From an access node functionality perspective, first, the Photonic GW should forward various types of optical paths. Unlike reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers in current metro networks, which are specifically designed to cross-connect DWDM signals, the Photonic GW needs to handle various lights and optical signals, including short-reach applications and emerging non-communication use cases. Second, the Photonic GW should provide remote control channels to user terminals (UTs) in a more scalable and cost-effective manner within the node-footprint and power-consumption constraints. Remote and in-channel UT control is required to place flexibly the endpoints of a wavelength path, i.e., UT, beyond the control-plane network. Then, from the controller perspective, the physical connectivity between the newly connected UT and the access-side port of the Photonic GW should be autonomously identified for plug-and-play operation. Since UTs are widely distributed within an access area, there is a need for an initial connection method that does not require timing adjustments to connect to the APN between newly connected UTs. This paper presents an extension to the APN architecture that allows the Photonic GW to increase the types of accommodable optical paths and to enhance the scale of remote UT control. This paper also proposes an advanced initial connection method that works even when multiple UTs are simultaneously connected to the APN. The extension to the APN architecture and the initial connection method are verified through experiments based on a Photonic GW prototype that fully complies with the extended APN architecture and comprises four functionally disaggregated units, 100-Gb/s C-band DWDM digital coherent UTs, and 25-Gb/s O-band non-DWDM intensity modulation and direct detection UTs. A 10-gigabit-capable symmetric passive optical network is adopted for remote UT control. The proposed initial connection method eliminates the connection interval of 6 s or more between newly connected UTs and achieves guard time-free operation.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1229-1240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10769543","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142736648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"100 Gb/s/λ polarization multiplexing PON downlink based on simplified heterodyne coherent reception","authors":"David Izquierdo;Miguel Barrio;Pascual Sevillano;Jose A. Altabas;Ignacio Garces","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.530478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.530478","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a \u0000<tex>${100};{rm Gb/s/}lambda$</tex>\u0000 downstream transmission link for coherent passive optical networks (PONs) up to 50 km, achieving an optical power budget of 29 dB through polarization multiplexing (PolMux) of two 50 Gb/s channels using multiband carrierless amplitude phase modulation (multiCAP) and optical single side band (OSSB) modulation. Additionally, we introduce a separate PolMux 50 Gb/s link that presents an optical power budget of 38.7 dB. Both links have been achieved using a simplified polarization-demultiplexing heterodyne coherent receiver. The robustness of the system is experimentally evaluated by analyzing its response to various input states of polarization. The transmission has been accomplished using 10 GHz electrical bandwidth devices at both the transmission and receiving ends, thereby paving the way for low-cost 100G links suitable for applications such as PONs.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1241-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10769995","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142736344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Benchmarking in Optical Networks Special Issue","authors":"Alejandra Beghelli;George Rouskas;Paul Wright","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.546584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.546584","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of this special issue contains five papers addressing different aspects of good benchmarking practices in optical network research. We start with a brief introduction, followed by an overview of the papers and an invitation to contribute to the second part.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"BON1-BON2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10755983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol-aware approach for mitigating radiation-induced errors in free-space optical downlinks","authors":"Jorge Pacheco-Labrador;Carmen Misa Moreira;Julio Ramirez Molina;Hipolito Guzman-Miranda","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.533374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.533374","url":null,"abstract":"Multigigabit per second satellite-to-ground communications are evolving owing to free-space optical (FSO) communications. They benefit greatly from the use of commercial off-the-shelf field-programmable gate arrays, which offer higher performance than their space-grade counterparts. However, these capabilities are severely diminished in the case of improper implementation of radiation mitigation schemes not being properly assessed. Although these schemes have been improved over the years, they can be further optimized. Therefore, this study proposes, to our knowledge, a new protocol-aware approach, tailored for FSO satellite downlinks, to classify the criticality of radiation-induced errors. This approach can achieve a reduction in overhead by nearly an order of magnitude compared to current protection schemes.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1218-1228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10756204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security enhancement for NOMA-PON with 2D cellular automata and Turing pattern cascading scramble aided fixed-point extended logistic chaotic encryption","authors":"Yun Wang;Qi Zhang;Xiangjun Xin;Meng Sun;Ran Gao;Haipeng Yao;Feng Tian;Qinghua Tian;Yongjun Wang;Fu Wang;Sitong Zhou;Zuolin Li;Zhipei Li","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.525848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.525848","url":null,"abstract":"The non-orthogonal multiple access-passive optical network (NOMA-PON) is facing the dual security threats of primary user interference and unauthorized third-party user eavesdropping, so efficient data security enhancement techniques are crucial. To solve these problems, we propose a fixed-point extended (FE)-logistic chaotic mapping to reduce the computational complexity while employing a two-dimensional (2D) cellular automata (CA) and Turing pattern (TP) cascading scramble (CA-TPCS) encryption algorithm to further improve the sensitivity of the NOMA-PON system. The CA-TPCS consists of 2D-CA dynamic bit encryption and Turing symbol substitution (TSS). By using FE chaos to construct 2D-CA and adopting index sort to extract the TSS matrix, dynamic diffusion of bits and scrambling of a 2D symbol matrix are achieved. To ensure the key privacy, we employ a dual key mechanism, and uplink data is introduced as the private key. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, a simulation validation is built on a 17.6 Gb/s power division multiplexing-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PDM-OFDM) NOMA-PON system transmitted over 25 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF). The results show that the proposed scheme has no effect on the optimal power allocation rate (PAR) values and the values are all 3. Meanwhile, the receiver sensitivity gains of 0.2 and 0.3 dB are obtained for high-power and low-power users after encryption. The ciphertext has good diffusion and statistical properties, and the key space is flexibly controlled by the FE precision \u0000<tex>$f$</tex>\u0000, the length \u0000<tex>$l$</tex>\u0000 of the transmitted bit, and the size \u0000<tex>$T$</tex>\u0000 of the TP, with the value of \u0000<tex>${2^{2f + l + T times T}}$</tex>\u0000. The results show that the proposed scheme is not only very compatible with PDM technology but also can realize the dual defense of internal aggression and external aggression. It has a good application prospect in the future NOMA-PON.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"16 12","pages":"1204-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}