Journal of Optical Communications and Networking最新文献

{"title":"100-km entanglement distribution with coexisting quantum and classical signals in a single fiber","authors":"A. Rahmouni;P. S. Kuo;Y. S. Li-Baboud;I. A. Burenkov;Y. Shi;M. V. Jabir;N. Lal;D. Reddy;M. Merzouki;L. Ma;A. Battou;S. V. Polyakov;O. Slattery;T. Gerrits","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.518226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.518226","url":null,"abstract":"The development of prototype metropolitan-scale quantum networks is underway and entails transmitting quantum information via single photons through deployed optical fibers spanning several tens of kilometers. The major challenges in building metropolitan-scale quantum networks are compensation for polarization fluctuation, high-precision clock synchronization, and compensation for cumulative transmission time fluctuations. One approach addressing these challenges is to copropagate classical probe signals in the same fiber as the quantum signal. Thus, both signals experience the same conditions, and the changes of the fiber can therefore be monitored and compensated. Here, we demonstrate the distribution of polarization-entangled quantum signals copropagating with the White Rabbit precision time protocol classical signals in the same single-core fiber strand at metropolitan-scale distances. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of this quantum-classical coexistence by achieving high-fidelity entanglement distribution between nodes separated by 100 km of optical fiber. This advancement is a significant step towards the practical implementation of robust and efficient metropolitan-scale quantum networks.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport SDN architecture for multi-layer transport slicing","authors":"Pablo Armingol Robles;Oscar Gonzalez de Dios;Juan Pedro Fernandez-Palacios Gimenez;Luis M. Contreras;Liesbeth Roelens;Alejandro Muniz Da Costa;Javier Velazquez Martinez;David De La Osa Mostazo","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.522783","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed architecture advances the concept of network slicing, crucial for beyond 5G services, by enabling dynamic resource allocation and customized partitioning in managed network infrastructures. This architecture addresses the challenges of provisioning end-to-end (E2E) slices across diverse network domains, which is complicated by technological heterogeneity and the variety of vendor solutions. By introducing a standardized transport network solution, we ensure seamless integration, equitable treatment of service requests, and the ability to meet diverse demands. The architecture is centered around a multi-layer transport network slicing architecture, which allows for the division of transport networks into virtual autonomous segments, each tailored for specific services or applications. This segmentation is essential for providing differentiated and personalized 5G services, optimizing network performance, and maximizing resource application. A key component of this architecture is the transport slice controller (TSC), which controls the provision and life-cycle management of transport slices, ensuring a standardized approach in the industry for the definition and realization of slices.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical network topology design to execute many tasks simultaneously in a disaggregated data center","authors":"Akishige Ikoma;Yuichi Ohsita;Masayuki Murata","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.524628","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.524628","url":null,"abstract":"In a disaggregated data center (DDC), task execution is reliant on the communication between resources, making performance highly sensitive to network quality. An optimized physical network topology is crucial for a DDC. To enable the simultaneous execution of numerous tasks, a substantial number of communicable resource pairs satisfying performance requirements is necessary. We propose a physical topology evaluation metric called the capability of simultaneous task execution (CSTE) and a corresponding physical topology design leveraging CSTE for a DDC equipped with optical networks. CSTE represents the ratio of resources that could be used as a resource communicating with other resources without violating the performance requirements in a situation where tasks up to the maximum number of executable tasks are executed. In addition, we formulated a physical topology design problem aimed at generating a physical network topology capable of maximizing task execution based on CSTE. By solving this optimization problem, we generated topologies and validated their effectiveness via task allocation simulations. The results showed that an optimal topology based on CSTE reduces task blockages by over 50% compared to conventional topologies. In addition, the results exhibited a positive correlation with the number of executable tasks. Through a physical topology design based on CSTE, we could construct a DDC that could handle a larger volume of tasks.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141380351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the ECOC 2023 Special Edition","authors":"Andrew Lord","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.533905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.533905","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue includes extensions of optical networking papers that were presented at the European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC) 2023, held 1–5 October 2023 in Glasgow, Scotland.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10572489","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141453345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling IP-optical integration in core and metro networks [Invited]","authors":"Tony Dicorato;Peter Landon;Pino G. Dicorato;Swamynathan Balasundaram;Matias Schneeberger;Luca Baragiola;Victor Lopez","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.516740","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.516740","url":null,"abstract":"IP-optical (Internet protocol and optical) integration, or “IP over DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing),” is a concept spanning over two decades since the advent of coherent DSP (digital signal processing). In recent years, coherent DSP technology has progressed to a point where it can be integrated on small pluggable form factors that can be equipped in optical line systems and disaggregated transponders or directly in IP routers to support a range of metro and core applications. The option of equipping pluggable digital coherent optics (DCOs) directly in IP routers has the biggest potential for operational cost savings but hinges on the availability of a unified management environment with a single pane of glass to coordinate and automate IP routing and optical transport functions. This work presents alternative software-defined networking (SDN) architectures and evaluates the challenges associated with the evolution to IP over DWDM network architectures. It demonstrates the first, to our knowledge, implementation of the Transport API supporting colored pluggable interfaces in routers in a real network testbed. This work contributes to the realization of end-to-end network management for IP-optical networks, offering operators comprehensive visibility into multi-layer and multi-domain services and empowering revenue generation.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced optical transceiver and switching solutions for next-generation optical networks","authors":"L. Nadal;R. Martinez;M. Ali;F. J. Vilchez;J. M. Fabrega;M. Svaluto Moreolo;R. Casellas","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.522102","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.522102","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative transceiver and switching approaches should be explored with special focus on flexibility, energy efficiency, sustainability, and interoperability to be adopted on next-generation 6G optical networks driven by the diverse landscape of emerging applications and services and increasing traffic demand. In this regard, multiband (MB) and spatial division multiplexing (SDM) technologies arise as promising technologies for providing suitable network capacity scaling while fulfilling the stringent requirements of the incoming 6G era. In this paper, innovative MB over SDM (MBoSDM) switching node and sliceable bandwidth/bit rate variable transceiver (S-BVT) architectures with enhanced capabilities and features are proposed and experimentally validated. Different network scenarios have been identified and assessed, enabling up to 180.9 Gb/s S+C+L transmission in back-to-back (B2B) configuration. A MBoSDM scenario including both transceiver and switching solutions is demonstrated, including a 19-core multi-core fiber (MCF) of 25.4 km. Thanks to the transceiver modular and scalable approach, higher capacities can be envisioned by enabling multiple slices working in the different bands beyond the C-band. A power efficiency analysis of the proposed transceiver is also presented, including a pathway towards the integration with a software defined networking (SDN) control plane assisted by energy-aware artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) trained models.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the physical layer security of visible light communications empowered by gold nanoparticles","authors":"Geonho Han;Hyuckjin Choi;Ryeong Myeong Kim;Ki Tae Nam;Junil Choi;Theodoros A. Tsiftsis","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.520163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.520163","url":null,"abstract":"Visible light is a proper spectrum for secure wireless communications because of its high directivity and impermeability in indoor scenarios. However, if an eavesdropper is located very close to a legitimate receiver, secure communications become highly risky. In this paper, to further increase the level of security of visible light communication (VLC) and increase its resilience to malicious attacks, we propose to capitalize on the recently synthesized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with chiroptical properties for circularly polarized light resulting in the phase retardation that interacts with the linear polarizer angle. GNP plates made by judiciously stacking many GNPs perform as physical secret keys. Transmitters send both the intended symbol and artificial noise to exploit the channel variation effect by the GNP plates, which is highly effective when an eavesdropper is located close to the legitimate receiver. A new, to our knowledge, VLC channel model is first developed by representing the effect of GNP plates and linear polarizers in the circular polarization domain. Based on the new channel model, the angles of linear polarizers at the transmitters and legitimate receiver are optimized considering the effect of GNP plates to increase the secrecy rate in wiretapping scenarios. Simulations verify that, when the transmitters are equipped with GNP plates, even if the eavesdropper is located right next to the legitimate receiver, insightful results on the physical layer security metrics are gained as follows: (1) the secrecy rate is significantly improved, and (2) the symbol error rate gap between the legitimate receiver and eavesdropper becomes much larger due to the chiroptical properties of GNP plates.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photonic device programmability in support of autonomous optical networks","authors":"Ramon Casellas;Laia Nadal;Ricardo Martinez;Ricard Vilalta;Raul Munoz;Michela Svaluto Moreolo","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.521947","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.521947","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence and consolidation of increasingly programmable optical devices such as transceivers, amplifiers, multiplexers, or ROADMs—which allow their remote configuration and control by adopting software-defined networking principles such as model-driven development—is enabling the evolution toward gradually more autonomous networks. Such networks leverage device programmability and are able to adapt and react to traffic and network condition changes, e.g., changing modes of operation or reconfiguring the network state, paving the way for the increased adoption of AI/ML models in support of enhanced network operation. In this paper, after a short review of some key elements in the control and orchestration systems of optical networks in support of autonomous networking, we present in detail a proof-of-concept validation of autonomous, closed-loop dynamic adaptation of transceiver operational modes. This includes (i) the design and development of an SDN agent of a multi-band sliceable bandwidth variable transceiver, based on extended OpenConfig terminal device data models; (ii) an SDN controller that performs discovery and management of transceivers’ operational modes and maps to transport API (TAPI) profiles enabling efficient physical layer impairment-aware path computation; (iii) a dedicated externalized path computation element/digital twin that performs adaptation recommendations; and (iv) an MQTT-based telemetry platform for publisher/subscriber based state synchronization between the control plane functional entities to avoid systematic polling.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141265467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-protocol updating for seamless key negotiation in quantum metropolitan networks","authors":"Jiali Zhu;Yuan Cao;Mingxuan Guo;Xingyu Zhou;Chunhui Zhang;Jian Li;Xiaosong Yu;Yongli Zhao;Jie Zhang;Qin Wang","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.511999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.511999","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide long-term security for numerous users. Currently, quantum networks are still in the early stages of small-scale deployment, most of which can only support a single QKD protocol (QKDP). However, with the advancement of various QKDPs, a single-protocol quantum network is no longer sufficient to meet the demands of multiple users, prompting the emergence of multi-protocol quantum networks. Nevertheless, the transition from a single-protocol to a multi-protocol quantum network still faces many challenging issues, such as key negotiation interruptions due to device initialization and channel calibration during protocol updating. To address the quantum key negotiation interruption problem, we propose a seamless key negotiation oriented multi-protocol updating algorithm in this work, which can fulfill the protocol updating requests of different users in quantum metropolitan networks. Furthermore, to better improve network performance while meeting diverse user demands, we propose four heuristic algorithms for optimal QKDP recommendation, focusing on their applications for multi-protocol updating in different types of typical networks. We perform the simulations with different QKDP recommendation algorithms to analyze the impact of the cache time of the key cache area on the key negotiation interruption probability and the time resource utilization. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can reduce the key negotiation interruption probability by 77.7% while increasing the time resource utilization by 15.3% compared to no key cache area.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilayer restoration in IP-Optical networks by adjustable robust optimization and deep reinforcement learning","authors":"Malek Bekri;Ronald Romero Reyes;Thomas Bauschert","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.523894","DOIUrl":"10.1364/JOCN.523894","url":null,"abstract":"Today, IP-Optical networks apply IP restoration as the default strategy to recover IP traffic from optical failures. This strategy has been preferred over optical restoration as it circumvents the lengthy delays involved in the reconfiguration of the optical layer. Although fast, IP restoration requires the overprovisioning of costly capacity to cope with optical failures. The advent of software-defined optical networking enables a changeover towards more efficient methods that integrate IP-Optical restoration. These methods should not only restore traffic from failures considered in the planning phase, but they should also efficiently restore traffic from unforeseen failures. This paper studies this problem by investigating optimization algorithms for capacity planning and multilayer restoration based on the theory of adjustable robust optimization (ARO). The approach performs offline optimization of the capacities of IP links as well as the routing and capacities of IP tunnels in both failure-free mode of operation and in a foreseen set of optical failures. Besides, the approach optimizes an affine policy that is applied online to recover IP traffic from unforeseen failures, thereby providing robustness to optical failures not regarded in the planning phase. To overcome the limitations of the affine policy, an alternative robust algorithm is formulated based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and graph neural networks (GNNs). By training a DRL-GNN agent, the performance of the restoration process is improved by further minimizing the traffic losses when unforeseen optical failures occur. Results in selected scenarios show that the algorithms outperform IP restoration in terms of capacity requirements, while minimizing the traffic losses in the case of failures. Moreover, the DRL-GNN method significantly improves the ARO-based affine algorithm, which shows the capability of learning the complex relationship between the capacity impairments caused by optical failures and the routing strategy required to restore IP traffic.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}