Journal of Optical Communications and Networking最新文献_第6页

Daylight quantum key distribution over free-space optics for future security networks 未来安全网络自由空间光学上的日光量子密钥分配

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.553171

Peide Zhang;Romerson D. Oliveira;Zoe C. M. Davidson;Emilio Hugues Salas;Evangelos A. Kosmatos;Alexandros Stavdas;Andrew Lord;John Rarity;Reza Nejabati;Dimitra Simeonidou

{"title":"Daylight quantum key distribution over free-space optics for future security networks","authors":"Peide Zhang;Romerson D. Oliveira;Zoe C. M. Davidson;Emilio Hugues Salas;Evangelos A. Kosmatos;Alexandros Stavdas;Andrew Lord;John Rarity;Reza Nejabati;Dimitra Simeonidou","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.553171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.553171","url":null,"abstract":"As the demand for better security and higher capacity grows, quantum key distribution (QKD) using free-space optics (FSO) presents an innovative solution for 5G networks and beyond. The Innovate-UK AirQKD project explores how FSO–QKD could enable quantum-secure connections at a metropolitan scale, focusing on the critical “last-mile” of connectivity. However, implementing FSO–QKD in the real world brings several engineering challenges, spanning software, hardware, system integration, and security. This paper dives into the complexities of system architecture and integration, QKD transmission over FSO, and the post-processing of keys. We showcase a cohesive system design that blends the quantum and classical domains, incorporating cutting-edge FSO–QKD hardware and software. The system’s functionality is demonstrated for key processes such as transmission, post-processing, network control, and key management. As a case study, we tested an FSO–QKD link over 135 m at BT’s Adastral Park in Suffolk, UK. The setup achieved a photon count rate of up to 585 kcps through a channel with 15.9 dB of loss and 12 kHz of background noise, resulting in a security key rate (SKR) of up to 84.3 kbps using two detectors. We also conducted simulations to estimate the SKR and compared them with the experimental results. Both approaches confirm the system’s ability to generate keys and successfully transmit orthogonal polarization states, highlighting its potential for practical application.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 6","pages":"B61-B70"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PCA-assisted clustering approaches for soft-failure detection in optical networks 基于pca的光网络软故障检测聚类方法

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.549205

A. N. Ribeiro;F. R. L. Lobato;M. F. Silva;A. Sgambelluri;L. Valcarenghi;L. Wosinska;J. C. W. A. Costa

{"title":"PCA-assisted clustering approaches for soft-failure detection in optical networks","authors":"A. N. Ribeiro;F. R. L. Lobato;M. F. Silva;A. Sgambelluri;L. Valcarenghi;L. Wosinska;J. C. W. A. Costa","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.549205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.549205","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past years, the emergence of complex and bandwidth-hungry applications has charged the efforts to ensure the reliability of optical networks. Moreover, network scalability issues pose challenges as the number of optical parameters increases rapidly. In this regard, it is important to minimize the risk of optical failures by providing an autonomous and scalable failure detection approach. Hence, this paper presents a scalable and interpretable failure detection in optical networks exploiting five clustering algorithms (K-means, fuzzy C-means, Gaussian mixture model, DBSCAN, and mean shift) assisted by a dimensionality reduction technique. Cluster-based approaches facilitate the physical interpretability of the failure distributions among the telemetry data by allowing their clear visualization. Meanwhile, the dimensionality reduction technique can handle large-scale telemetry data with numerous optical parameters, improving the performance of clustering algorithms, as these have limitations when dealing with high-dimensional data. The proposed approaches are evaluated based on Type I/II errors (commonly known as false positive and false negative indications, respectively). A dataset derived from an optical testbed is used to evaluate the robustness of the proposed approaches.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 6","pages":"B50-B60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling and analysis of coherent metro + PON converged networks for ultra-high speed applications 超高速应用中相干城域+ PON融合网络的建模与分析

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.544594

Safana Al zoubi;Roberto Gaudino

{"title":"Modeling and analysis of coherent metro + PON converged networks for ultra-high speed applications","authors":"Safana Al zoubi;Roberto Gaudino","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.544594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.544594","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the ultra-high bitrate and extended-reach demands of future broadband services and 5G/6G fronthauling, today’s passive optical networks (PONs) require a significant technological jump, particularly towards coherent detection. This shift makes the development of fast and accurate models for future coherent PONs essential, especially for physical-layer network planning tools and digital twin applications. In this paper, we thus present a frequency-resolved physical-based model for performance estimation of coherent transmission over PON or <tex>${rm metro} + {rm PON}$</tex> converged networks, considering a broad range of electrical and optical impairments and two approaches for DSP-based equalization. Specifically, the model accounts for frequency- and polarization-dependent optical channels, optical and electrical noises, coherent receiver electrical bandwidth limitations, and in-phase/quadrature imbalances. Numerical validation of the proposed frequency model against extensive time-domain simulations demonstrates high accuracy across diverse impairments, with discrepancies in the estimated signal-to-noise ratio showing a standard deviation of 0.15 dB over a very wide variation range on the relevant parameters, along with significant improvements in both time and computational efficiency. We conclude the paper by presenting two examples of application of the developed model in dimensioning ultra-high bitrate future access networks.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 4","pages":"294-308"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10937284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143667226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RECCL: optimizing collective algorithms for reconfigurable optical networks RECCL：优化可重构光网络的集合算法

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.555632

Hong Zou;Huaxi Gu;Xiaoshan Yu;Zhuodong Wu;Yifeng Zhu

{"title":"RECCL: optimizing collective algorithms for reconfigurable optical networks","authors":"Hong Zou;Huaxi Gu;Xiaoshan Yu;Zhuodong Wu;Yifeng Zhu","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.555632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.555632","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction of optical circuit switching, network topologies in distributed machine learning systems can be periodically reconfigured. Existing collective strategies use fixed communication steps and relationships during model training, limiting their ability to fully utilize network resources. Therefore, we propose RECCL, a reconfigurable collective communication library that dynamically adjusts communication relationships in collective algorithms based on network topology reconfigurations, thereby enhancing link utilization. RECCL considers the interactions between collectives and reconfigurable networks and develops a collective cost model for various topologies by using the innovative collective sketch and fine-grained network model. Based on this cost model, RECCL designed an optimization algorithm that rapidly reconfigures collectives with minimal communication cost for the current topology, enabling reconfiguration for kilo-scale nodes within 300 ms. Our experiments show that RECCL’s reconfigured collectives are <tex>$1.08{-}2.5 times$</tex> faster than those in MPI or NCCL. RECCL can accelerate end-to-end training of GPT-2 and BERT by <tex>$1.12{-}1.65 times$</tex> for different batch sizes.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 6","pages":"470-484"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trajectory-based post-disaster content evacuation in inter-DC optical networks under cascading failures 级联故障下基于轨迹的dc间光网络灾后内容疏散

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.551957

Xin Li;Zhuotong Li;Memedhe Ibrahimi;Wei Wang;Yongli Zhao;Biswanath Mukherjee;Jie Zhang;Massimo Tornatore

{"title":"Trajectory-based post-disaster content evacuation in inter-DC optical networks under cascading failures","authors":"Xin Li;Zhuotong Li;Memedhe Ibrahimi;Wei Wang;Yongli Zhao;Biswanath Mukherjee;Jie Zhang;Massimo Tornatore","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.551957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.551957","url":null,"abstract":"In the post-pandemic era, global working patterns have been reshaped, and the demand for online network services has increased significantly. Therefore, cross-data-center content migration has become a relevant problem to address, leading to higher attention in data backup/recovery planning. Beyond traditional pre-disaster content redundancy approaches, this work focuses on the challenge of rapid post-disaster content evacuation under the threat of cascading failures. In fact, due to the interdependence of data centers (DCs), inter-DC optical networks, and power grid networks, disasters may have a domino effect on these infrastructures, with their impact gradually expanding over time and space. In this paper, we propose two trajectory models that capture the dynamic evolution of cascading failures, and we propose a trajectory-based content evacuation (TCE) strategy that considers the spatiotemporal evolution of cascading failures to minimize content loss. Numerical results show that, when each DC needs to evacuate about 200 TB of massive content, TCE can reduce content loss by up to 25% compared to baseline strategies.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 6","pages":"B38-B49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneous transmission of analog radio and digital coherent signals over multispan metro and PON for bandwidth-efficient fronthaul in mmWave centralized RANs [Invited] 模拟无线电和数字相干信号在多跨城域和PON上的异构传输，用于毫米波集中式ran中的带宽高效前传[特邀]

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.551296

Devika Dass;Dan Kilper;Liam Barry;Marco Ruffini

{"title":"Heterogeneous transmission of analog radio and digital coherent signals over multispan metro and PON for bandwidth-efficient fronthaul in mmWave centralized RANs [Invited]","authors":"Devika Dass;Dan Kilper;Liam Barry;Marco Ruffini","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.551296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.551296","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally investigate the transparent coexistence of heterogeneous analog radio-over-fiber (ARoF) and digital coherent optical (DCO) signals in a converged metro network/passive optical network (PON). Our streamlined setup employs RF generation via optical heterodyning so that both carrier and modulated signals can be generated centrally and transmitted to the antenna site across a metro network and a PON. The experiment includes the transmission of 8.8 Gbps mmWave signals and 400 Gbps coherent optical signals within a 68.75 GHz reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) channel bandwidth and a 1:32–1:128 split PON. We also analyze the impact of varying ROADM channel bandwidth, PON split ratios, metro network distance, and number of ROADMs traversed on the performance of DCO and ARoF signals. The results reveal that the error vector magnitude (EVM) of the ARoF signal is significantly influenced by the allocated bandwidth, the number of ROADMs, and the overall network loss, providing insights into optimizations necessary to achieve target EVM levels.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 8","pages":"C136-C143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-performance system design for a large-scale AWG-based WDM star network 基于awg的大规模WDM星型网络的高性能系统设计

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.557451

I-Fen Chao;Kai-Yuan Hsu

{"title":"High-performance system design for a large-scale AWG-based WDM star network","authors":"I-Fen Chao;Kai-Yuan Hsu","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.557451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.557451","url":null,"abstract":"Single-hop arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks have attracted considerable attention in next-generation networks, especially due to their capability to support a large number of nodes within metropolitan areas. However, due to the static-wavelength-routing properties (non-broadcast nature) of AWG equipment, multiple copies of control information in the reservation-based medium access control (MAC) scheme must be sent to all output ports of the AWG device. Consequently, the control overhead becomes more severe, especially for large-scale networks such as data center networks. In this paper, we propose an AWG-node-connection network architecture that is capable of dividing all nodes into <tex>$D$</tex> self-competition subgroups using a <tex>${D times D}$</tex> AWG device at the center of a star network. By employing this grouping approach, our scheme reduces the control overhead to <tex>${1/D}$</tex> of the previous conventional method, thereby significantly improving system performance. We further propose an MAC protocol that aims to resolve the contention among the nodes attached to different input–output ports of the AWG, maximize spatial reuse, ensure point-to-point transmission, and, importantly, enhance system throughput. Furthermore, our proposed scheme features a simple topology and straightforward hardware, making it suitable for large-scale networks such as data center networks. The simulation and analytic results demonstrate that, as the number of nodes increases, the proposed MAC scheme achieves exceptional system performance under a wide range of traffic loads and various system parameters.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 6","pages":"459-469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DRL-assisted quantum attack mitigation in resource allocation of CV-QKD over optical networks 光网络中CV-QKD资源分配中drl辅助的量子攻击缓解

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.546587

Shifeng Ding;Yuansen Cheng;Calvin Chun-Kit Chan

{"title":"DRL-assisted quantum attack mitigation in resource allocation of CV-QKD over optical networks","authors":"Shifeng Ding;Yuansen Cheng;Calvin Chun-Kit Chan","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.546587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.546587","url":null,"abstract":"Due to possible imperfect implementation of laser sources and coherent detectors, continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) in optical networks is vulnerable to quantum attacks, which would significantly degrade the secret key rate (SKR) and compromise the security of the quantum keys. The attackers may steal the data encrypted with the compromised keys, leading to service failure and resource wastage. To tackle it, we propose a quantum attack mitigation resource allocation scheme (QAM-RA) for CV-QKD over optical networks. It corrects the biased channel parameters of the compromised quantum channels by conducting appropriate countermeasures, re-analyzes the SKR, and allocates additional quantum resources to compensate for the loss of SKR. A deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework based on the Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C) algorithm is developed to determine QAM-RA solutions intelligently. Extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the DRL-assisted QAM-RA scheme in two test networks. Simulation results have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in mitigating quantum attacks and reducing user request blocking probabilities.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 4","pages":"262-274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive TFDM coherent PON: a flexible architecture with variable modulation formats and baud rates for next-generation optical access networks 自适应TFDM相干PON：具有可变调制格式和波特率的下一代光接入网的灵活架构

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.549585

Haipeng Zhang;Zhensheng Jia;Luis Alberto Campos;Karthik Choutagunta;Curtis Knittle

{"title":"Adaptive TFDM coherent PON: a flexible architecture with variable modulation formats and baud rates for next-generation optical access networks","authors":"Haipeng Zhang;Zhensheng Jia;Luis Alberto Campos;Karthik Choutagunta;Curtis Knittle","doi":"10.1364/JOCN.549585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.549585","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a highly adaptable and flexible TFDM coherent PON architecture, designed to address the diverse service requirements of next-generation optical access networks. We introduce an innovative approach featuring flexible modulation formats, adaptable baud rates, and dynamic link budget management, enabling the support of various service groups with tailored data rates and reach. Two experimental demonstrations validate the proposed TFDM coherent PON design. In the first demonstration, DSCs with 6.25 GBd DP-QPSK and DP-16QAM modulation provide 25 and 50 Gb/s data rates over 80 and 50 km reaches, respectively, while supporting both P2P link and P2MP links with up to 128 end users. The second demonstration further explores the adaptability of the system, with DSCs employing different baud rates: 6.25 GBd DP-QPSK, 12.5 GBd DP-16QAM, and 15.625 GBd DP-64QAM, delivering 25, 100, and 187.5 Gb/s data rates over varying distances and user counts. The second experiment also incorporates OOB communication channels for potential MAC control and OAM functionalities, showcasing the robust performance and versatility of the proposed TFDM coherent PON. This work extends our recent ECOC publication [European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC) (Frankfurt, Germany, 2024), paper Tu3D.2], offering a more comprehensive view of the capabilities and future potential of TFDM-based coherent access networks.","PeriodicalId":50103,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optical Communications and Networking","volume":"17 7","pages":"C11-C21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intelligent learning-based routing algorithm for optical network-on-chips 基于智能学习的片上光网络路由算法

IF 4 2区计算机科学

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1364/JOCN.543042

Zhouping Huang;Fang Xu;Yiyuan Xie;Ye Su;Zhuang Chen;Xiao Jiang

引用次数: 0