WIREs Climate Change最新文献_第2页

Finance in Sustainable Transition: A Comparative Review Across Institutional Investors, Asset Managers, Venture Capital, Insurance, and Bonds 可持续转型中的金融：机构投资者、资产管理公司、风险资本、保险和债券的比较回顾

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70012

Neil Fligstein, Janna Z. Huang

{"title":"Finance in Sustainable Transition: A Comparative Review Across Institutional Investors, Asset Managers, Venture Capital, Insurance, and Bonds","authors":"Neil Fligstein, Janna Z. Huang","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70012","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 2015 Paris COP21 meeting, the financial services industry has increasingly been expected to play a pivotal role in driving the sustainable economic transition. Our review examines and compares the various strategies employed by key segments of this industry—namely institutional investors, asset managers, venture capital firms, insurers, and bond issuers—to foster a more sustainable economy. While our literature review reveals significant industry responses, it also highlights that the voluntary nature of many initiatives and the lack of standardized regulatory frameworks pose considerable challenges to transforming business models in line with sustainability goals. Achieving sustainable finance will ultimately require coordinated and concerted efforts among governments, financial institutions, and nongovernmental organizations.This article is categorized under: Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework Policy and Governance > Private Governance of Climate Change ","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144566380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medicine in a Warming World: The Physician's Role in Climate Action 全球变暖中的医学：医生在气候行动中的作用

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70010

Connor A. Tarver, Cheryl C. Macpherson

{"title":"Medicine in a Warming World: The Physician's Role in Climate Action","authors":"Connor A. Tarver, Cheryl C. Macpherson","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70010","url":null,"abstract":"Should physicians, whose collective practices contribute significantly to climate change, respond to its health hazards as part of their professional responsibilities? Or are healthcare practices, often deemed essential, exempt from reevaluation through an environmentally sustainable lens? If not, how can physicians who provide direct patient care make clinical decisions that balance individual patient benefit with environmental impact, and align with standards of medical ethics? While qualitative insights from physicians and patients are valuable and prevalent in the clinical literature, this paper does not aim to synthesize those perspectives. Instead, it examines the growing, though still limited, body of bioethics literature that argues physicians have an ethical and clinical responsibility to respond to the health hazards of climate change. This responsibility is grounded in the foundational goals of medicine, preventing disease and promoting health, and the longstanding principles of bioethics that inform clinical practice. Proposed approaches to fulfilling this responsibility include green informed consent, prescription stewardship, care involving assisted reproduction, and clinician advocacy on the health impacts of climate change.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144566381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Cultural Heritage in Climate Adaptation: Fields of Application and Functions 文化遗产在气候适应中的应用：应用领域与功能

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70011

Teresa Erbach

{"title":"Using Cultural Heritage in Climate Adaptation: Fields of Application and Functions","authors":"Teresa Erbach","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70011","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural heritage is massively threatened by climate change, but at the same time represents a resource for climate adaptation. An analysis of the literature with regard to fields of application and functions shows that cultural heritage is discussed in almost all fields of climate adaptation. Relevant fields of application include the planning of protective infrastructure as well as technological and behavioral options, education, and informational adaptation measures. The functions attributed to the inclusion of cultural heritage in adaptation measures include informational, emotional, community‐building, economic, and aesthetic functions. With respect to the integration of heritage in adaptation processes, different approaches exist, ranging from the preservation of tangible and intangible heritage over the integration of heritage in infrastructure planning to new approaches that focus on proactive engagement with the change and loss of heritage sites or objects. The broad spectrum of at times conflicting approaches demonstrates that the question of how to use cultural heritage in adaptation depends on which adaptation strategies are prioritized. This narrative review structures the vast but only partially explored field and proposes an analysis of the functions of cultural heritage in the different fields of climate adaptation.This article is categorized under: Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge The Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Sociology/Anthropology of Climate Knowledge The Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Knowledge and Practice ","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Four Principles of Transformative Adaptation to Climate Change‐Exacerbated Hazards in Informal Settlements 非正式住区转型适应气候变化的四项原则

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70008

Ben C. Howard, Simon Moulds, Samuel Agyei‐Mensah, Khadiza Tul Kobra Nahin, Zahidul Quayyum, Brian E. Robinson, Wouter Buytaert

{"title":"Four Principles of Transformative Adaptation to Climate Change‐Exacerbated Hazards in Informal Settlements","authors":"Ben C. Howard, Simon Moulds, Samuel Agyei‐Mensah, Khadiza Tul Kobra Nahin, Zahidul Quayyum, Brian E. Robinson, Wouter Buytaert","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70008","url":null,"abstract":"Residents of urban informal settlements are among the most at‐risk of climate change‐exacerbated hazards. Yet, traditional approaches to adaptation have failed to reduce risk sustainably and equitably. In contrast, transformative adaptation recognizes the inextricable nature of complex climate risk and social inequality, embedding principles of social justice in pathways to societal resilience. Its potential for impact may be greatest in informal settlements, but its application in this context introduces a new set of challenges and remains largely aspirational. To address this missed opportunity, in this focus article we provide clarity on how transformative adaptation can manifest in informal settlements. Although context‐dependency precludes the formulation of specific guidelines, we identify four principles which are foundational to its deployment in these settings. Acknowledging constraints, we define levels of achievement of the principles and suggest how they might be reached in practice. Achieving transformative adaptation in informal settlements is complex, but we argue that it is already achievable and could represent a prime opportunity to accelerate the rate of adaptation to build a climate resilient society.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143915469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photovoice: A Promising Method for Capturing and Responding to Climate Change? 光声：捕捉和应对气候变化的一种有前途的方法？

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70009

Claudia Bagge‐Petersen, Emmanuel Raju, Said Nuhu, Tatu Mtwangi‐Limbumba, Catherine A. Masao, Morten Skovdal

{"title":"Photovoice: A Promising Method for Capturing and Responding to Climate Change?","authors":"Claudia Bagge‐Petersen, Emmanuel Raju, Said Nuhu, Tatu Mtwangi‐Limbumba, Catherine A. Masao, Morten Skovdal","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70009","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoice is a popular participatory research method for instigating critical reflection and social change. It does, however, rely on participants being able to photographically capture the phenomenon under study. This raises challenging questions that may obstruct the use of Photovoice in climate change studies. Is climate change visible? Can it be photographically captured? What change can Photovoice instigate in the context of global climate change? To gain clarity on the role of Photovoice in climate change studies, this article provides an overview of previously published work. We do this to identify some of the different ways in which Photovoice can usefully capture various aspects of climate change and to critically appraise the studies' ability to fully leverage Photovoice's change potentials. We identify five ways in which Photovoice is used to study climate change. This includes studying (i) how local people understand climate change, (ii) how people experience the (perceived) impacts of climate change, (iii) community perspectives on their vulnerabilities to climate change, (iv) local adaptation and mitigation responses, and finally, (v) ways of facilitating transformative learning about climate change. While many studies effectively capture people's intersubjective relationships with climate change, the action‐oriented social change potential of Photovoice is rarely realized. Future Photovoice projects must consider the theoretical underpinnings of the method and be intentional about its emancipatory and change potential, particularly by collaborating with powerful change agents, thereby increasing the likelihood that Photovoice findings will translate into policy changes and community initiatives.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Reparations for a Just Response to Climate Change: A Review of Historical Responsibility and Future Implications 公正应对气候变化的气候赔偿：历史责任和未来影响的回顾

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70007

Preeya S. Mohan

{"title":"Climate Reparations for a Just Response to Climate Change: A Review of Historical Responsibility and Future Implications","authors":"Preeya S. Mohan","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70007","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, international climate discussions have neglected the question of who compensates for climate‐induced loss and damage. COP27 marked a turning point, placing the issue at the forefront. There is a growing movement advocating for a reparative approach to address the climate crisis. The central premise is that nations with significant historical industrial contributions and unsustainable practices should provide assistance to vulnerable communities, particularly those in the Global South, who experience disproportionate impacts despite their minimal contribution. Unlike mitigation and adaptation focused on future impacts, climate reparations address present damage. While the concept of climate reparations has gained mainstream traction recently, it remains a contentious topic requiring a clear explanation and historical grounding. This review defines the concept of climate reparation. It highlights the observed disparity in vulnerability, wherein nations with substantial emissions may experience less severe impacts compared to developing countries. The review scrutinizes the growing reparations movement and supporting research, discussing reparations as a strategy to rectify colonial legacies, foster resilience, and redefine climate action. Finally, the paper acknowledges existing challenges and criticisms associated with climate reparations.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in the Regional Water Cycle and Their Impact on Societies 区域水循环变化及其对社会的影响

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70005

F. H. Lambert, R. P. Allan, A. Behrangi, M. P. Byrne, P. Ceppi, R. Chadwick, P. J. Durack, G. Fosser, H. J. Fowler, P. Greve, T. Lee, H. Mutton, P. A. O'Gorman, J. M. Osborne, A. G. Pendergrass, J. T. Reager, P. Stier, A. L. S. Swann, A. Todd, S. M. Vicente‐Serrano, G. L. Stephens

{"title":"Changes in the Regional Water Cycle and Their Impact on Societies","authors":"F. H. Lambert, R. P. Allan, A. Behrangi, M. P. Byrne, P. Ceppi, R. Chadwick, P. J. Durack, G. Fosser, H. J. Fowler, P. Greve, T. Lee, H. Mutton, P. A. O'Gorman, J. M. Osborne, A. G. Pendergrass, J. T. Reager, P. Stier, A. L. S. Swann, A. Todd, S. M. Vicente‐Serrano, G. L. Stephens","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70005","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in “blue water”, which is the total supply of fresh water available for human extraction over land, are quite closely related to changes in runoff or equivalently precipitation minus evaporation, . This article examines how climate change‐driven recent past and future changes in the regional water cycle relate to blue water availability and changes in human blue water demand. Although at the largest scales theoretical and numerical model predictions are in broad agreement with observations, at continental scales and below models predict large ranges of possible future and runoff especially at the scale of individual river catchments and for shorter timescale subseasonal floods and droughts. Nevertheless, it is expected that the occurrence and severity of floods will increase and that of droughts may increase, possibly compounded by human‐driven non‐climatic changes such as changes in land use, dam water impoundment, irrigation and extraction of groundwater. Contemporary assessments predict that increases in 21st century human water extraction in many highly‐populated regions are unlikely to be sustainable given projections of future . To reduce uncertainty in future predictions, there is an urgent need to improve modeling of atmospheric, land surface and human processes and how these components are coupled. This should be supported by maintaining the observing network and expanding it to improve measurements of land surface, oceanic and atmospheric variables. This includes the development of satellite observations stable over multiple decades and suitable for building reanalysis datasets appropriate for model evaluation.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Could Tropical Cyclone Expansion Boost Migration of Temperate Trees to Boreal Forests? 热带气旋扩张会促进温带树木向北方森林的迁移吗？

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70006

Jan Altman, Kirill Korznikov

引用次数: 0

The Role of Neologisms in the Climate Change Debate: Can New Words Help to Speed Up Social Change? 新词在气候变化辩论中的作用：新词能帮助加速社会变革吗？

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70004

Greta Zella, Jan Willem Bolderdijk, Tommaso Caselli, Saskia Peels‐Matthey

{"title":"The Role of Neologisms in the Climate Change Debate: Can New Words Help to Speed Up Social Change?","authors":"Greta Zella, Jan Willem Bolderdijk, Tommaso Caselli, Saskia Peels‐Matthey","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70004","url":null,"abstract":"New expressions—or neologisms—continue to emerge in the discourse around climate issues (e.g., “flight shame”). Does the emergence of neologisms merely reflect shifts in sustainable attitudes, or can new expressions also speed up/frustrate social change? Building on literature grounded in linguistics and environmental psychology, we conclude that neologisms may have an important, yet underrated and not sufficiently investigated potential to influence the speed of social change. In this Focus Article, we first discuss the way in which neologisms facilitate the conceptualization of new ideas and thus increase awareness. We do this by linking contributions from the literature in cognitive linguistics on the creation and retrieval of concepts in the mind with work from environmental psychology on the adoption of sustainable behaviors. Then we employ cognitive and ecolinguistic frameworks to describe how new expressions support the introduction of different points of view for the interpretation of climate‐related issues. In other words, by bridging different disciplines, we explain how neologisms can facilitate or frustrate the onset of social tipping points. We illustrate these possible effects of neologisms with eight climate‐relevant examples (flight shame, greenwashing, light‐bulb minute, carbon footprint, carbon indulgence, global warming, climate crisis, climate change) coined or widely adopted in the English language between the 1970s and 2018. Insights from these examples can help activists, policymakers, and citizens to coin neologisms that contribute to climate change mitigation efforts from a communicative perspective.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143608488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Governing the Climate in the Paris Era: Organized Irresponsibility, Technocratic Climate Futures, and Normalized Disasters 巴黎时代的气候治理：有组织的不负责任、技术官僚的气候未来和常态化的灾害

WIREs Climate Change Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1002/wcc.70001

Florian Steig, Angela Oels

{"title":"Governing the Climate in the Paris Era: Organized Irresponsibility, Technocratic Climate Futures, and Normalized Disasters","authors":"Florian Steig, Angela Oels","doi":"10.1002/wcc.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.70001","url":null,"abstract":"Foucauldian governmentality studies of climate politics have established themselves as a vibrant field of research, illuminating the power‐knowledge‐formations inherent in governing climate change. Synthesizing the contributions of climate governmentality studies since 2015, we provide a critical assessment of the technologies of government and the resulting visibilities and identities in the context of the Paris Agreement. Our reading of the current “cli‐mentality” reveals a much higher continuity from the Kyoto era to the Paris era than generally assumed by dominant IR approaches. The cli‐mentality of the Paris era radicalizes the neoliberal approach of the Kyoto era while extending its reach into more policy sectors. The responsibilisation of states, sub‐state actors and individuals obscures root causes of the climate crisis and reproduces key elements of the socio‐economic and political order. The dominant problematisation of climate change in both academia and policymaking narrows down the solution space for climate politics and forecloses transformative approaches. Climate mitigation mobilizes neoliberal self‐governance through nationally‐determined contributions while obscuring unequal historical responsibilities. Adaptation is organized in depoliticized processes of preparing for presumably inevitable climate futures. This is reinforced by climate finance which employs financialisation and de‐risking to mobilize additional private capital. Climate‐related loss and damage funding is rendered as charity, foreclosing liability and reparation claims. Future research should examine (1) how the dominant cli‐mentality is resisted and challenged by social movements and climate litigation, (2) if and how it is stabilized through the global economic order and its regulations, and (3) which globally varying effects the cli‐mentality has.","PeriodicalId":501019,"journal":{"name":"WIREs Climate Change","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0