The Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Antibodies Against Legionella Species in Northeastern Australian Blood Donors, 2016 and 2023.","authors":"Juniper Lethbridge,Wesley Freppel,Mei Fong Ho,Eloise B Skinner,Lina Rustanti,Eileen Roulis,Penny A Rudd,Helen M Faddy,Megan K Young,Lara J Herrero","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf407","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDIn 2021-2022, Queensland, Australia observed an increase in Legionnaire's disease cases, predominantly due to Legionella longbeachae. This study assessed seroprevalence at time points 2016 and 2023, representing before and after the higher incidence and explored if demographic, environmental and geographical factors associated with legionellosis seroprevalence.METHODSA total of 1001 human plasma samples (496 from 2016/505 from 2023) were analysed for the presence of Legionella antibodies (IgG) using indirect immunofluorescence assays. Primary screens detected IgG to L. pneumophila serogroups (SG) 1-6, SG 7-14, or \"other\" Legionella spp. Samples positive for \"other\" underwent secondary screening for L. longbeachae SG 1 and 2. A chi-square test assessed associations between seroprevalence and demographics, while a generalized linear model evaluated rainfall, temperature, and land cover associations.RESULTSWhile total Legionella seroprevalence remained stable (32.46% vs 32.28%) between 2016 and 2023, we observed a decrease in L. pneumophila (SG 1-6: 19%-13% [P = .0182] and SG 7-14: 24%-18% [P = .0257]) and an increase in L. longbeachae (1%-3% [P = .0355]) seropositivity. L. pneumophila seroprevalence positively associated with higher rainfall and land cover, with croplands and urban areas showing increased prevalence.CONCLUSIONSBetween 2016 and 2023, total Legionella seroprevalence remained unchanged. However, rainfall and specific land cover types were positively associated with seropositivity for certain Legionella spp. This study highlights the importance of assessing Legionella exposure risks in high-risk areas, particularly for vulnerable individuals such as the elderly, immunosuppressed, or those with co-morbidities.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VH3810109 Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Incidence of Anti-drug Antibodies in Adults With HIV-1 Naive to Antiretroviral Therapy: BANNER Study Results","authors":"Peter Leone, Alejandro Ferro, Charlotte-Paige Rolle, Sergio Lupo, Joseph McGowan, Marina Klein, Pedro Cahn, Paul Benson, Rulan Griesel, Michael Warwick-Sanders, Marisa Sanchez, Riccardo D’Agostino, Christopher Bettacchi, Stefan Schneider, Paul Wannamaker, David Dorey, Viviana Wilches, Margaret Gartland, Kathryn Brown, Yash Gandhi, Christina Donatti, Jan Losos","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf450","url":null,"abstract":"Background VH3810109 (N6LS) is a CD4-binding site antibody with broad and potent neutralizing activity in vitro. Here, we present efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic results from the phase 2a BANNER study in people with HIV-1. Methods BANNER was a randomized, open-label, 2-part, multicenter study of N6LS in adults naive to antiretroviral therapy (ART) with HIV-1 RNA ≥5000 copies/mL. N6LS was evaluated during monotherapy after a single intravenous (IV) infusion at various doses or subcutaneous (SC) injection, followed by 48 weeks of standard-of-care ART. Antiviral activity, safety, pharmacokinetics, and anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) were evaluated. Results Sixty-two participants completed the monotherapy phase and 58 completed the standard-of-care phase. Most participants were male (94%), Hispanic (82%), and White (61%). Virologic response (reduction in HIV-1 RNA ≥0.5 log10 copies/mL from baseline) was achieved in 8/8 (100%; 40 mg/kg IV), 14/15 (93%; 700 mg IV), 5/6 (83%; 280 mg IV), 7/16 (44%; 70 mg IV), and 8/16 (50%; 700 mg SC) participants. Administered IV or SC, N6LS was well tolerated with few drug-related adverse events (n=13) and no serious adverse events reported during monotherapy. Pharmacokinetic parameters increased proportionally with dose. Incidence of ADAs was dose-dependent and ranged from 6% to 83% in the IV groups; incidence was 19% in the SC group, with no indication that route of administration impacts incidence of ADAs. Conclusions N6LS was efficacious and generally safe, supporting further development of N6LS dosed IV or SC for the treatment of HIV-1 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04871113).","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential role of clathrin and lipid rafts in pH-dependent entry of Chandipura virus: independence from caveolin pathway","authors":"Ritudhwaj Tiwari, Anurag Mishra, Sheeba Rehman, Gayatree Mishra, Aarpita Baa, Venkata Narayana Are, Harikrishnan Jayakumar, Debasis Nayak","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf446","url":null,"abstract":"Chandipura virus (CHPV), a Rhabdoviridae family member, is an emerging neurotropic pathogen responsible for acute encephalitis outbreaks in children, mainly in India. Despite its public health relevance, the mechanisms underlying CHPV entry into host cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we used pharmacological inhibitors in Vero cells to dissect the virus’s entry pathways. Our results show that CHPV entry is clathrin-dependent and requires intact lipid rafts but is independent of caveolin-mediated endocytosis. The process is pH-dependent, underscoring the role of endosomal acidification in viral uncoating. These findings on CHPV entry mechanisms offer valuable insights for developing host-targeted antivirals.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144924109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV and syphilis coinfection in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Uganda","authors":"Mehal Churiwal, Timothy Mwanje Kintu, Onesmus Byamukama, Ingrid V Bassett, Mark J Siedner, Anacret Byamukama, Edna Tindimwebwa, Pooja Chitneni, Julian Adong, Elias Kumbakumba, Stephen Asiimwe, Joseph Ngonzi, Lisa M Bebell","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf453","url":null,"abstract":"Background Despite increasing syphilis incidence worldwide, little is known about the combined impact of maternal HIV and syphilis coinfection. We determined effects of HIV/syphilis coinfection in pregnancy on birth outcomes. Methods We conducted two prospective birth cohort studies of pregnant women delivering in Uganda from 2017-2023. Our primary outcome was birthweight. Our secondary outcome was a composite adverse birth outcome, including low birthweight (<2.5kg), stillbirth, early neonatal death, or 5-minute APGAR<7. We compared outcomes by HIV and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA) seropositivity and fitted multivariable logistic regression models to determine associations with outcomes. Results Overall, TPPA seroprevalence was 12% (118/967) in this cohort comprised of 50% women with HIV (WHIV); 19% (94/483) among WHIV and 5% (24/484) among women without HIV. Only 48% of TPPA seropositive women reported syphilis testing during antenatal care. Combined stillbirth and early neonatal death were higher among TPPA seropositive participants: 12% (15/118) vs 4% (32/849) among seronegatives. Low birthweight was associated with HIV seropositivity (-0.1kg, 95%CI -0.15, -0.04), younger maternal age (0.01kg per year increase, 95% CI 0.01,0.02), and lower gestational age (0.07kg per week increase, 95% CI 0.06,0.09), but not TPPA serostatus. The composite adverse birth outcome was associated with lower maternal and gestational age at birth. Conclusion We report high TPPA seroprevalence, low syphilis testing rates in antenatal care, and significant associations with adverse birth outcomes among WHIV in Uganda, emphasizing the need to improve prenatal syphilis testing and treatment.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between maternal Tdap and infant pneumococcal vaccination in shaping infant pneumococcal vaccine serotype carriage","authors":"Eline Van den Bosch, Helene Vermeulen, Esra Ekinci, Lisa Paranthoen, Liesbet Van Heirstraeten, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar, Stefanie Desmet, Heidi Theeten, Kirsten Maertens","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf458","url":null,"abstract":"Background Tetanus, Diphtheria and acellular Pertussis (Tdap) vaccination during pregnancy blunts the infant humoral immune response following primary immunization with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). While this effect typically resolves after the booster dose for most vaccine serotypes, its impact on nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococcal vaccine serotypes remains unclear. Methods A total of 3,298 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from infants aged 6-30 months attending daycare centers in Belgium between 2018 and 2022, along with data on maternal Tdap vaccination status (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02888457). Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage and serotyping were assessed using culture-based methods (Quellung reaction) and molecular detection (LytA qPCR and serotype-specific qPCR). The association between Tdap vaccination during pregnancy and pneumococcal vaccine-related serotype carriage in infants was evaluated using logistic generalized estimating equation models. Results PCV13-related serotype carriage was significantly higher in offspring of Tdap-vaccinated mothers during pregnancy compared to those born to Tdap-unvaccinated mothers. In addition, children who received a PCV10 or mixed PCV10/PCV13 schedule had significantly higher PCV13-related serotype carriage compared to those immunized exclusively with PCV13. No significant differences were observed in individual PCV13-related serotype carriage, except for a significantly higher carriage of the PCV13-related serotype 6C in children of Tdap-vaccinated mothers. No significant difference was found for non-vaccine serotype carriage. Conclusions Tdap vaccination during pregnancy was associated with increased pneumococcal vaccine-related serotype carriage in infants, though the clinical significance remains uncertain. Future studies integrating vaccine serotype carriage data with protective pneumococcal antibody levels are needed to inform future maternal and infant vaccination strategies.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"c-Myc inhibits macrophage antimycobacterial response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","authors":"Edoardo Sarti, Cédric Dollé, Rebekka Wolfensberger, Katharina Kusejko, Doris Russenberger, Simon Bredl, Roberto F Speck, Melanie Greter, Jan H Rueschoff, Lucas Boeck, Dat Mai, Ana N Jahn, Elizabeth S Gold, Dong Liu, Alan H Diercks, Peter Sander, Gregory S Olson, Johannes Nemeth","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf456","url":null,"abstract":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains a major cause of global mortality, yet natural immunity prevents disease in more than 90% of exposed individuals. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a critical regulator of innate immunity and enhances macrophage antimicrobial responses. In this study, we investigated how IFN-γ timing influences macrophage control of MTB. We found that pre-infection IFN-γ exposure primes macrophages for enhanced bacterial control by activating key antimicrobial pathways, whereas post-infection exposure fails to confer this benefit. Using unbiased in vitro systems approaches, we identified c-Myc signaling as a central determinant of macrophage antimycobacterial function. To manipulate c-Myc in primary cells, we developed a tetracycline-inducible lentiviral system for c-Myc inhibition and overexpression. c-Myc inhibition via Omomyc enhanced macrophage bacterial control through mTORC1-dependent metabolic reprogramming and nitric oxide production. In vivo analyses, including murine models and human clinical histopathology, revealed strong associations between c-Myc expression, MTB persistence, and active tuberculosis, implicating c-Myc as a mediator of immune privilege in MTB infection and a promising target for host-directed therapies to enhance macrophage function.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of symptoms associated with Long COVID among adolescents in the United States, Summer 2022","authors":"Deja L Edwards, Leora R Feldstein, Alexandra F Dalton, Nicole D Ford, Sharon H Saydah","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf454","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Limited information is known about Long COVID among adolescents. This study will compare the risks associated with symptoms among adolescents who tested positive, were tested but never tested positive, and who were never tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Porter Novelli survey data were collected from adolescents (12-17 years) from May 31 – July 6, 2022. Respondents self-reported their SARS-CoV-2 test results and were classified accordingly by test status. Wald’s chi-squared tests were used to determine whether demographic factors and characteristics related to symptoms differed by test status. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds of reporting (1) symptoms lasting four weeks or longer and (2) symptoms lasting three or more months by test status and SARS-CoV-2 variant period. Results Data were collected from 784 respondents: 264 (34%) tested positive, 291 (37%) never tested positive, and 229 (29%) were never tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection. At least one symptom lasting four weeks or longer were reported by 41% of the positive respondents, compared to 12% of negative respondents and 11% of never tested respondents (p<0.05). The odds of reporting at least one symptom lasting four or more weeks did not vary by SARS-CoV-2 variant period. Adolescents who tested positive had increased odds of any neurological symptom lasting three or more months compared to negative adolescents. Discussion Our results demonstrate adolescents who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to report at least one symptom lasting for at least four weeks. However, most of these symptoms appeared to have resolved within three months.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted Metabolite Profile Associations with Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, and Antiretroviral Therapy in >1300 People with HIV: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.","authors":"Marco Labarile,Isabella C Schoepf,Chloé Pasin,Mariam Ait Oumelloul,Christian W Thorball,Carlotta Riebensahm,Bernard Surial,Gilles Wandeler,Dominique L Braun,Catia Marzolini,Christian R Kahlert,Enos Bernasconi,Matthias Cavassini,Alexandra Calmy,Johannes Nemeth,Lia Bally,Peter Reiss,Amalio Telenti,Bruno Ledergerber,Huldrych F Günthard,Jacques Fellay,Nicola Zamboni,Roger D Kouyos,Philip E Tarr, ","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf438","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDObesity is a major concern in people with HIV (PWH). How obesity and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with specific metabolite profiles in PWH is not well described.METHODSWe included Swiss HIV Cohort Study participants aged ≥45 years. We analyzed untargeted metabolite profiles and their association with BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and ART, both current ART regimen categorized based on the \"third drug\" plus individual ART drugs. Metabolite profiles were clustered with hierarchical clustering and visualized as heatmaps and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection.RESULTSWe analyzed 1821 putative metabolite ions in 1302 PWH (median age 55 years, 78% male, 94% suppressed HIV RNA, median BMI 24.6kg/m2, 46% overweight/obese). 94 metabolites were associated with BMI and 66 with WHR; the strongest associations were found with amino acids/peptides. 156, 173, and 60 metabolites were associated with exposure to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease-inhibitors, and integrase strand transfer inhibitors, respectively; most associations were found among carbohydrates. We identified specific patterns of metabolic perturbation for efavirenz, nevirapine, lopinavir, atazanavir, and elvitegravir. Most metabolites associated with tenofovir alafenamide were not associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and vice versa. 31 metabolites were associated with either BMI or WHR and ART-exposure. We found no evidence of any metabolite profiles associated with past zidovudine or stavudine exposure or any interactions between ART drug classes and BMI, after adjusting for multiple testing.DISCUSSIONIn PWH from Switzerland, untargeted metabolite profiling revealed multiple unreported associations with different ART agents, and previously reported associations with BMI.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence: Reply to Watkins et al.","authors":"Jamie McMahon,Robert S Ware,Stephen B Lambert","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf440","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flotillin-1 is Hijacked by Listeria monocytogenes to Drive Cell-to-Cell Spreading","authors":"Petra A McLeod, Julian A Guttman","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf452","url":null,"abstract":"Listeria monocytogenes spreads intercellularly by creating actin-rich projections that are endocytosed into recipient cells. Caveolin-mediated endocytosis has been implicated in this process, accounting for ∼70% in cell-to-cell spread in cells depleted of caveolin-1. Thus, additional mechanisms may contribute for the remaining spread and we examined the role of flotillin-based endocytosis. We found flotillin-1 localized to L. monocytogenes invaginations in recipient cells and depletion of flotillin-1 significantly impaired bacterial transfer. Similarly, preventing endogenous flotillin-1 from membrane association significantly reduced bacterial spread. To evaluate whether an interplay between flotillin-1 and caveolin-1-mediated endocytosis were functioning at L. monocytogenes invagination sites, we measured the area of spread in cells knocked-down for both caveolin-1 and flotillin-1 and found a further significant decrease in spread and many cells with complete blockage. This work demonstrates that flotillin-based endocytosis is crucial for cell-to-cell spreading of L. monocytogenes and that this endocytic strategy can internalize large-sized membrane protrusions.","PeriodicalId":501010,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}