Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment最新文献

{"title":"Experimental study on coupled effects of water and sub-zero temperatures on mechanical behavior and damage evolution of sandstone under uniaxial compression","authors":"Xin Cai,&nbsp;Chu Wang,&nbsp;Cuigang Chen,&nbsp;Zilong Zhou,&nbsp;Zhengtao Fang,&nbsp;Chunping Lin","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04263-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04263-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Severe cold conditions and significant seasonal temperature fluctuations in cold regions profoundly influence the mechanical properties of rocks, posing critical challenges to the safety and operational efficiency of open-pit mining. To explore the coupled effects of water and subzero temperatures on the mechanical behavior and damage evolution of sandstone, several uniaxial compression tests were conducted on water-saturated specimens under temperature conditions ranging from 20 °C to −40 °C. By integrating digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) techniques, the surface strain localization and internal crack evolution were captured simultaneously. The results reveal that subzero temperatures enhance both the strength and energy absorption capacity of sandstone. As temperature decreases, the uniaxial compressive strength, failure displacement, and energy parameters (including elastic, dissipated, and post-peak energies) increase progressively, with elastic energy exhibiting the most notable improvement. Subzero temperatures also significantly affect the damage evolution process, delaying damage progression while amplifying damage accumulation during plastic stage. In addition, failure modes transition sequentially with decreasing temperature, from tensile-shear mixed failure at 20 °C, to shear-dominated failure between 0 °C and −20 °C, and back to tensile-shear failure below −30 °C. Furthermore, the freezing of pore water alters the loading process, with ice crystal formation enhancing rock strength. Below − 30 °C, extensive pore water freezing inhibits crack propagation, leading to an abrupt failure process. These findings advance the understanding of the mechanical behavior of rocks in cold environments and provide guidance for optimizing mining engineering in cold regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage characteristics of anchored fractured rock masses under freeze–thaw cycling by computed tomography","authors":"Cong Li,&nbsp;Liangliang Wu,&nbsp;Xinzhou Zhang,&nbsp;Tian Xie,&nbsp;Kaiyi Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04300-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04300-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The freeze–thaw (F-T) damage characteristics of anchored fractured rock masses are different from those of fractured rock masses without bolts. To explore the F-T damage location and characterize zonal damage of anchored rock masses, two stages of F-T cycle tests were conducted for the samples with no bolt, 45° bolt and 90° bolt respectively. CT scan tests were performed before and after F-T cycling. Visual damage was qualitatively evaluated through 3D image reconstruction of CT data. The zonal damage characteristics of the samples were quantitatively analyzed using 2-d CT slices, areal porosities, and damage variables of each slice. The results show that the F-T cycles can cause damage in the rock zone, propagation zone, and anchor zone. The damage to samples with a bolt was relatively small, and the damage to the 90° anchor samples was less severe than that to 45° anchor samples. Compared with the samples with no bolts, some of the damage in the propagation zone of the samples with a bolt was transferred to the anchor zone through the bolt, which led to the deterioration of anchoring performance of the bolt. It is necessary to pay attention to the effective reinforcement range within a rock mass reinforced by bolting, and the rock mass outside the reinforcement range is more prone to crack propagation due to the increased frost heaving caused by prestress. The results provide a reference value for the reasonable design of anchorage engineering works in cold area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of rock morphology on the dynamic response of flexible rockfall nets under rockfall impacts","authors":"Changrui Jin,&nbsp;Bo Peng,&nbsp;Wensheng Liu,&nbsp;Ganghai Huang,&nbsp;Dongliang Huang,&nbsp;Guoshun Lv,&nbsp;Le Liu,&nbsp;Quan Dai,&nbsp;Lianheng Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04285-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04285-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessing the dynamic response of flexible rockfall nets under rockfall impacts is a nonlinear dynamic problem. Modelling rockfalls with realistic morphological features can help investigate the effects of their morphological characteristics on the dynamic response of flexible rockfall nets. This paper aims to establish a standardised process for reconstructing a computational model of rockfalls and to analyse the influence of rockfall morphology on the dynamic response of a flexible rockfall net. First, four morphological parameters, namely, the aspect ratio (AR), sphericity (SP), convexity (CO), and angularity (AN), are used to characterise the rockfall morphology. Second, a standardised processing procedure is proposed for the rockfall model, where differences in size and orientation are eliminated via translation, magnification and rotation. Third, the voxelisation method is used to transform the rockfall model into a sphere-based model suitable for numerical simulation. Finally, the dynamic response of a flexible rockfall net under impact conditions is investigated via sphere discontinuous deformation analysis (SDDA), with rockfall models exhibiting different morphological characteristics. The results show that an increase in CO and AN significantly benefits the local deformation of the flexible rockfall net and that an increase in SP inhibits the overall failure of the flexible rockfall net.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The moisture migration patterns and reconstruction improvement of colluvial-deluvial soil under different gradation conditions","authors":"Wenxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangjun Pei,&nbsp;Xiaochao Zhang,&nbsp;Hongchao Xi,&nbsp;Jie Du,&nbsp;Jinyu Zhu,&nbsp;Mingli Li","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04341-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04341-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to clarify the influence of particle gradation difference caused by the self-organizing coarsening process of colluvial-deluvial soil on the rapid loss of effective water and insufficient structural stability faced by slope ecological restoration. Taking Jiuzhaigou Panda-Sea accumulation as the research area, the ecological water effectiveness and water migration law of colluvial-deluvial soil were analyzed through soil property tests, water stress tests and water and heat migration monitoring experiments, and the layered reconstruction and improvement were carried out in combination with ecological materials. The results showed that the classification of photosynthetic productivity can more accurately evaluate the ecological water effectiveness of colluvial-deluvial soil. The layered reconstruction model of \"Capillary Barrier-Vegetation Growth-Surface Crusts\" of colluvial-deluvial soil was established, and the evaporation reduction performance and shear strength of crust were improved by adding modified glutinous rice-based materials. Moreover, the effective water evaporation of the reconstructed improved soil only accounts for 12.51% of the total effective water, and the cohesion and internal friction angle of the crust soil are increased to 274.62% and to 119.77% of the pure coarse-grained soil respectively, the reconstruction modification effect was significant. This study determined the grain size distribution range and applicable combination of colluvial-deluvial soil suitable for slope ecological restoration, and proposed an optimization method for the reconstruction of colluvial-deluvial soil to reduce evaporation and promote stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation method of bench blasting powder factor based on rock dynamic fragmentation energy consumption density","authors":"Haiwang Ye,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Xingwang Li,&nbsp;Menghao Yu,&nbsp;Tao Lei","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04318-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04318-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to study the relationship between rock mass dynamic parameters and blasting parameters, a calculation model of graphite ore bench blasting powder factor considering rock dynamic fragmentation energy consumption density is established based on dimensional analysis method. The dynamic compression tests of five types graphite ores with different grades under different impact pressure were designed and carried out with split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test system, combining with crushing screening tests, the reasonable range of strain rate and energy consumption density were obtained when the specimens were crushed. Through the field blasting test of Yunshan graphite mine in Luobei County, China, the reasonable powder factor of ore rock with different grades were explored. It is found that there is a Boltzmann-function relationship between the reasonable powder factor and 1/2 power of reasonable energy consumption density of ore rock dynamic fragmentation, and the calculation formula of powder factor is established accordingly. In practical mine production blasting, the powder factor values calculated with this formula highly satisfy the demands of the mine rock blasting, which verified the rationality and reliability of the functional relationship between the powder factor and energy consumption density.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of granite under discontinuous multilevel fatigue loading","authors":"Mingtao Jia,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu,&nbsp;Shaodong Li,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04294-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04294-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study investigates the effects of discontinuous multilevel fatigue (DMLF) loading on the mechanical properties, acoustic emission characteristics, and energy evolution patterns of granite. The research results show that after DMLF loading, the post-peak deformation ratio of granite under uniaxial compression increases with creep time, exhibiting a trend of brittle-ductile transition, and the extent of cracking intensifies during failure. The energy analysis results indicate that during DMLF loading, both the elastic and dissipated energies of granite increase with the stress level. The elastic energy is stored in a linear form, while the energy dissipation follows a combination of linear and quadratic functions. During the creep loading phase, the external input energy is mainly converted into dissipated energy. In the later stages of DMLF loading, the average intensity of acoustic emission ringing counts increases, and the introduction of creep loading promotes the development and expansion of internal cracks in the rock. The acoustic emission b value overall exhibits a two-stage characteristic, with the b value of granite decreasing from 1.6 to 0.4 during failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation processes, accumulation patterns and risk mitigation strategies for harmful gases in tunnels within the complex geological structure area of Southwest China","authors":"Peng Qiu,&nbsp;Peidong Su,&nbsp;Yougui Li,&nbsp;Xinghao Lu,&nbsp;Wuyi Chen,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Ahmed,&nbsp;Thomas Gentzis,&nbsp;Ahmed Mansour","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04256-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04256-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mountainous landscapes of southwest China are renowned for their complex geological settings, a region where an extensive network of tunnels, including railway to highway and hydraulic engineering tunnels, is planned for construction. The area has witnessed several severe incidents resulting in casualties caused by underground harmful gases during tunnelling activities. With ongoing development, it is critical to investigate the risks associated with harmful gases in tunnelling projects within the region. Current research on the formation and enrichment mechanisms of harmful gases remains insufficient. This study investigates the relationship between harmful gases and the geological structures and strata by conducting through geological surveys, sampling tests, field observations, and employing advanced geological forecasting in both surveyed areas and existing tunnels. The findings identified three main mechanisms for the generation of harmful gases: hydrocarbon generation, thermochemical reactions, and hydrothermal migration. Methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are the predominant gases encountered during tunnel construction. These harmful gases tend to migrate upwards, with their migration distance and rate of diffusion were controlled by faults and/or fractures. This migration can lead to localized accumulations of harmful gases, which we categorized as fault-controlled and joint-controlled accumulation types. This study interprets the disaster-causing mechanisms of harmful gases, suggesting that risk identification and advanced forecasting methods of tunnel harmful gases establish classification criteria for assessing gas risks during construction, and forms a comprehensive risk management system spanning the entire process from investigation, design, to construction. Future research directions should focus on the application of artificial intelligence for predicting harmful gas risks, the management of high-pressure gases in tunnels exceeding 1000 m in depth, and the development of strategies to mitigate the toxicity of harmful gases. These findings offer a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the safe construction of tunnels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on damage mechanisms in fault slip influenced by roughness","authors":"Aitao Zhou,&nbsp;Jingwen Li,&nbsp;Kai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04321-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04321-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Structural instability induced by fault slip in coalbed methane mining has garnered significant attention. Roughness plays a critical role in determining the damage mechanisms of slip surfaces. Comprehensive analysis of roughness tests, slip experiments, and damage characterization were conducted on fault-region tectonic coals. The influence of convex body height (RMS) on stress response, as well as macroscopic and microscopic damage, was systematically examined. Using the DoseResp function, predictive equations for fracture thresholds were developed. The results reveal that slip instability arises from progressive damage, transitioning from end abrasion and crack propagation to the formation of multiple fractures. Increasing RMS elevates peak shear stress and compressive deformation prior to slip, amplifies shear stress drop during stick–slip, and heightens the risk of structural fracture and instability. Notably, as RMS increases, stress drop, crack width, and damage degree align with the DoseResp function, exhibiting an initial rise followed by stabilization. At three critical roughness thresholds (RMS₀₁, RMS₀₂, and RMS₀₃), stress drop, fractures, and instability become evident on the slip surface. These findings propose a practical approach to mitigating fault instability, thereby supporting advancements in coalbed methane mining.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated landslide susceptibility assessment in the Karakoram Mountains based on SBAS-InSAR and machine learning: a case study of the Hunza Valley","authors":"Xiaojun Su,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Xingmin Meng,&nbsp;Mohib Ur Rehman,&nbsp;Dongxia Yue,&nbsp;Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Ziqiang Zhou,&nbsp;Fuyun Guo,&nbsp;Qiang Zhou,&nbsp;Baicheng Niu","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04299-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04299-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Landslide caused catastrophic disasters frequently in the Karakoram Mountains wide range. The Hunza Valley, Pakistan in the Northwest of the Karakoram mountains, which is prone to the clustering development of landslide was taken as a case in this study. The updated complete inventory including 53 SBAS-InSAR detected active landslides and optical image interpreted 65 landslides were constructed, based on Sentinel-1A data in 2019–2020 and several field survey until 2023. Twelve factors related to geomorphology, hydrology, vegetation, geology, tectonics, and environment were incorporated into the model training within twelve machine learning models: Generalized Linear models, Navies Bayes, Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines and so on. The Support Vector Classification was selected for landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) and its characteristics in geomorphologically meaningful landscape partitions called slope units, with the highest accuracy of 0.96, average AUC of 0.99 for tenfold cross-validation, and high computational efficiency of 6.11 s. The results revealed that the areas with moderate landslide susceptibility account for 62.14%, followed by the high susceptibility area (24.25%). The slopes of high landslide susceptibility are mainly located on the north side of the Hunza river, because of higher terrain relief, aspect, near distance to epicenters, and to fault. This research reveals that topography and tectonic activities such as relief, aspect, earthquakes and fault movements make a large contribution to landslide formation and development in Hunza, the Karakoram mountains, serving as a crucial step toward understanding and facilitating hazard management and risk reduction in the Hunza Valley and thus the uninterrupted operation of the KKH.</p><p>(1) An integrated method for landslide susceptibility assessment in high mountainous areas of the Karakoram in High Mountain Asia.</p><p>(2) A state-of-the-art comprehensive landslide inventory using SBAS-InSAR monitoring, optical image interpretation and field investigation was completed in Hunza Valley, Pakistan.</p><p>(3) Comprehensive selection and application of machine learning model and inducing factors in the Hunza Valley, Northern Pakistan.</p><p>(4) Revealed the factors controlling the landslides susceptibility and its characteristics in Hunza Valley, in the Karakoram Mountains</p>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating litho-stratigraphic and equotip-based analyses to support engineering-geological modelling for site response studies","authors":"Marta Cupido,&nbsp;Elisa Mammoliti,&nbsp;Riccardo Teloni,&nbsp;Snježana Markušić,&nbsp;Piero Farabollini,&nbsp;Stefano Santini","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04290-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10064-025-04290-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 2016 earthquake in Central Italy caused varying degrees of damage across Camerino's historic centre (Italy). Two medieval masonry buildings, despite their similar construction characteristics and close proximity, exhibited notable differences in damage extent, highlighting the role of seismic amplification in historic urban areas. This study aims to refine site-specific seismic response analyses by developing a detailed engineering-geological model that integrates litho-stratigraphic, geotechnical, and geophysical data. <i>In-situ</i> mechanical analyses with Equotip on outcropping rocks beneath the buildings, combined with borehole and geophysical data, enabled the identification of key lithological and geotechnical contrasts. These findings revealed significant stratigraphic heterogeneity between the two sites. The first exhibited alternating layers of varying stiffness and velocity, while the second presented a more homogeneous stratigraphy, yet weathered in its shallower portion. These differences influenced site amplification, correlating with greater structural damage at the first site and less deterioration at the second. Variations in litho-mechanical properties, including lower Equotip hardness values and distinct seismic velocities in weathered units, contributed to these discrepancies. This research emphasises the importance of integrating detailed stratigraphic reconstructions with seismic analysis to enhance the resilience of historic structures. The developed methodology provides a transferable framework for seismic risk assessment and retrofitting strategies in other heritage sites. By enhancing subsurface analysis, this approach contributes to cultural heritage preservation in seismically active regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10064-025-04290-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}