Journal of Renal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Decreased Olfactory Function Is Associated With Mortality in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis","authors":"Ayşe Zeynep Bal MD ,&nbsp;Gülay Turgay PhD ,&nbsp;Merve Tekinyildiz MD ,&nbsp;Siren Sezer MD","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Several studies have suggested that hemodialysis (HD) patients with olfactory impairment are associated with poor quality of life and malnutrition. However, to date, the association of olfactory impairment with mortality has not yet been studied. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the factors affecting olfactory function, inflammatory and nutritional parameters, and mortality in HD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 102 HD patients were assessed for olfactory function using the Sniffin' Sticks test, alongside demographic, nutritional, and inflammatory parameters. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on odor scores: impaired group (severe olfactory dysfunction, ≤6 odors) and nonimpaired group (mild-moderate/normal olfactory function, ≥7 odors). Patients were followed for 1 year.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Impaired group, comprising patients with severe olfactory dysfunction, exhibited significantly lower albumin levels (<em>P</em> = .021) and higher C-reactive protein levels (<em>P</em> &lt; .001) compared to nonimpaired group. Nutritional status, as measured by Subjective Global Assessment, was also poorer in the impaired group (<em>P</em> = .010). Over a 1-year follow-up period, mortality was higher in the impaired group, with 12 deaths, compared to 6 deaths in the nonimpaired group. In the multivariate analysis, total olfactory score emerged as an independent predictor of mortality (odds ratio = 0.73; <em>P</em> = .032). Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed a survival advantage for the nonimpaired group, and the log-rank test confirmed that this difference was statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt; .009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest that olfactory dysfunction in HD patients is closely linked to malnutrition, inflammation, and increased mortality. These results highlight the potential of olfactory function as a prognostic marker in HD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 308-313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet Quality, Food Insecurity, and Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights From the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Hiba Hamdan MBBS, MPH ,&nbsp;Tae Youn Kim PhD, RN ,&nbsp;Laura C. Plantinga PhD ,&nbsp;Hilary Seligman MD, MAS ,&nbsp;Deidra C. Crews MD, ScM ,&nbsp;Delphine S. Tuot MDCM, MAS","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Healthy eating patterns may prevent development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Food insecurity is a known barrier to high diet quality. We examine the association of diet quality with CKD prevalence and food insecurity in a nationally representative population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional analysis of data was conducted among eligible adults (n = 5,974) in the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between diet quality, assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020, and CKD prevalence and between food insecurity, assessed using a 10-item questionnaire, and diet quality. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;60 mL/min per 1.73 m² or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. Models adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics were conducted in the general population, among people with diabetes, and those with hypertension.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diet quality was not significantly associated with CKD prevalence in the general population (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per 10-point increase = 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 1.01). However, a 10-point higher HEI-2020 score was associated with 24% lower odds of CKD in those with diabetes (aOR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.95) and 20% lower odds in those with hypertension (aOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.99). In adjusted models, no statistically significant association was observed between diet quality and food insecurity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Poorer diet quality was associated with a higher prevalence of CKD among individuals with diabetes and/or hypertension. Addressing barriers to healthy eating is essential among individuals at risk for CKD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 164-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Mitochondrial Targeting With Bioactive Compounds: Dietary Pattern Considerations for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Valeria Cecchini MSc ,&nbsp;Dario Troise MD ,&nbsp;Alice Sabatino RD, PhD ,&nbsp;Antonella Cicirelli MSc ,&nbsp;Greta Hallergård BSc ,&nbsp;Carla Maria Avesani RD, PhD ,&nbsp;Peter Stenvinkel MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) pathogenesis and progression. It is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence. In this regard, targeting the restoration of mitochondrial function could potentially delay disease progression and alleviate uremic symptoms. Notably, bioactive compounds, naturally present in food, have recently gained attention due to their potential to counteract mitochondrial dysfunction. These compounds include a diverse array of phytonutrients, such as antioxidants, vitamins, polyphenols, and omega-3 fatty acids, which support cellular health, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and help modulate metabolism. Considering that we do not consume isolated nutrients, translating the available evidence in favorable dietary patterns is of importance. In this context, a plant-based dietary pattern appears to offer the richest array of bioactive compounds and holds the greatest potential for providing benefits at the cellular level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 172-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet Quality as a Determinant of Kidney-Related Complications of Diabetes and Hypertension","authors":"Elisa Russo MD,&nbsp;Giacomo Garibotto MD,&nbsp;Linda W. Moore PhD, RDN, CCRP","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2026.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2026.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 161-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better Eating for Brain Health: Tips for People With Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Joanne Cooke MS, RD, CSR, FAND","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages e1-e3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147274278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Mid-Dialysis Handgrip Strength Measurements Reliable and Reproducible? A Comparison to Predialysis Handgrip Strength Measurements","authors":"Anne Snelson PgDip(Diet) ,&nbsp;Stephanie Greco MDiet ,&nbsp;Christopher Letizi MDiet ,&nbsp;Matthew Snelson PhD ,&nbsp;Kevan R. Polkinghorne PhD ,&nbsp;Melinda Tee PhD ,&nbsp;Kelly Lambert PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important predictor of nutritional status. Current guidelines recommend measurement of HGS predialysis; however, this may be impractical, and measurement often occurs during hemodialysis (HD). This study aimed to determine the reliability, reproducibility, and agreement of HGS values pre- and mid-dialysis.</div></div><div><h3>Design and Methods</h3><div>Participants were recruited from 4 Australian HD units (n = 48). Eligible participants were stable on HD for at least 3 months and not acutely unwell. HGS was measured in triplicate on the nonfistula arm before dialysis and 2 hours into dialysis for 3 consecutive weeks. Nutritional status and frailty were assessed via subjective global assessment and the fatigue, resistance, aerobic, illnesses, loss of weight questionnaire, respectively. Bland-Altman plots were used to determine agreement between pre- and mid-dialysis measures. Linear mixed models were used to determine differences between pre- and mid-dialysis values controlling for confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HGS measures were statistically but not clinically greater predialysis compared to mid-dialysis (19.7 ± 12.9 vs. 18.8 ± 13.6 kg, <em>P</em> = .0433, mean difference 0.5 kg). Bland-Altman plots demonstrated an acceptable level of agreement between pre- and mid-dialysis HGS measures, suggesting no systematic bias in HGS. The influence of confounders (gender, age, dialysis vintage, frailty status, nutritional status, ultrafiltration rate, degree of fluid overload, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and weight) on the differences between pre- and mid-dialysis measures was not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found that HGS taken either pre- or mid-dialysis was reliable and reproducible. Given the agreement between pre- and mid-dialysis HGS measures, HGS measured mid-dialysis may be used for nutritional assessment of HD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 287-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Body Mass Index Changes Following Kidney Transplantation: Predictors Over a 10-Year Follow-Up","authors":"Wojciech Ciesielski MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Alicja Majos MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Agata Grochowska MD ,&nbsp;Tomasz Klimczak MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Adam Durczyński MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Janusz Strzelczyk MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Piotr Hogendorf MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Kidney transplantation (kTx) is the only treatment for chronic kidney disease that allows patients to avoid the need for dialysis. Many factors can contribute to changes in body mass index (BMI). This study evaluates the long-term effects of changes in BMI and the factors contributing to them.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A group of patients with living kidney graft recipients was evaluated, and 109 patients were included. Patients were followed longitudinally and asked to provide follow-up information about their BMIs post-kTx. Changes in BMI and achievement of a normal BMI value were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regression, with age, smoking, diabetes, and immunosuppression included as covariates. The results were analyzed statistically.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean increase in BMI was +1.57 kg/m² (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), with the largest increase in patients younger than 30 years (+2.45 kg/m²) and the smallest in patients over 60 years (+0.92 kg/m², <em>P</em> = .028). The main factor contributing to the increase in BMI was younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84-0.98, <em>P</em> = .008). Smoking was associated with a lower probability of achieving normal BMI (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38-0.95, <em>P</em> = .032), as well as diabetes (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.30-0.89, <em>P</em> = .019).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Younger patients were found to be susceptible to BMI increase. These findings highlight the need for age-specific strategies to prevent excessive weight gain following kTx.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145370614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary and Physical Activity Habits of Potential Living Kidney Donors","authors":"Golnaz Ghomeshi Friedman MS, RD, CCTD ,&nbsp;Olivia A. Moss MS, RD, CCTD ,&nbsp;Heejung Bang PhD ,&nbsp;Ling-Xin Chen MD, MS","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine if the reported dietary intake and physical activity habits of potential living kidney donors meet the Dietary Guidelines and the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.</div></div><div><h3>Design and Methods</h3><div>A single center cross-sectional analysis of the diet and physical activity habits of potential living kidney donors. Reported diet and physical activity were compared to the current guidelines for healthy eating and physical activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean Healthy Eating Index score (± standard deviation) for 47 participants with Automated Self-Administered 24-hour data was 59 ± 14. The data suggest that none of the participants in this study are adherent to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. A total of 61% of 44 participants met recommendations for total weekly aerobic activity (150 minutes/week).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study demonstrated that the dietary, and to an extent, the physical activity habits of potential living donors mirror that of the general population and therefore may have the same trajectory and risk of chronic disease as the general population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 314-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease Associated With Dietary Risk Factors, 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Mengjin Li BS ,&nbsp;Kai Hu BS ,&nbsp;Cheng Xue MD ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Mao MD","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the global chronic kidney disease (CKD) burden associated with dietary risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 database. The Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends. The age-period-cohort analysis was conducted to assess the impact of age, period, and birth cohort. The frontier analysis and the cross-country social inequalities analysis were conducted to estimate the association between the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and the death burden.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Currently, the number of deaths from diet-related CKD was around 317,010 (95% uncertainty interval: 185,370-454,850), about one-fifth of the global total. The related age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) increased at an average annual percent change (AAPC) of 0.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5%-0.7%). ASMRs associated with eating fewer fruits and vegetables were highest, whereas ASMR linked to sweetened beverages increased fastest (AAPC = 2.0%, 95% CI: 1.8%-2.2%). Low SDI regions recorded the highest ASMR (6.69/100K, 95% uncertainty interval: 3.80/100K to 10.10/100K). In high SDI countries, the increase in ASMR was most prominent at an AAPC of 1.2% (95% CI: 1.0%-1.5%), and the mortality rate rose most steeply with age. Mortality increased significantly in the population born after 1952 in high SDI regions. ASMRs varied almost 70 times across the world. After age standardization, the burden from diet-related CKD was concentrated in low SDI countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study revealed global disparities and increasing mortality trends of CKD associated with dietary risks, with sugar-sweetened beverages, red meat, and processed meat emerging as the fastest-growing contributors—especially in high SDI countries. Age-period-cohort analysis uncovered accelerated risks in post-1952 cohorts in high SDI regions, whereas inequality and frontier analyses revealed widening global gaps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 2","pages":"Pages 277-286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating Behavior Intervention of Overweight Women With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Qualitative Analysis","authors":"Raíssa Antunes Pereira PhD ,&nbsp;Marle dos Santos Alvarenga PhD ,&nbsp;Paula Costa Teixeira PhD ,&nbsp;Laila Santos de Andrade PhD ,&nbsp;Renata Rodrigues Teixeira MS ,&nbsp;Elke Stedefeldt PhD ,&nbsp;Lilian Cuppari PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate a behavioral intervention conducted with nondialyzed overweight women with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by describing their eating behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Design and Methods</h3><div>This prospective, mixed-method, noncontrolled clinical trial used a behavioral nondiet approach with 15 multisession group interventions for dietary management among 33 overweight women with CKD (age = 62.0 [54.0-67.5] years; body mass index = 32.8 [30.5-38.6] kg/m²; estimated glomerular filtration rate = 28.0 [20.0-31.5] mL/min/1.73 m³). Thematic content analysis was performed using qualitative data from focus groups conducted before and after the intervention. Combined quantitative and qualitative methods were triangulated using data from the Intuitive Eating Scale-2.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight categories emerged from the preintervention (factors that influence eating and living, diet culture, feelings of ambivalence and/or stagnation, and understanding one's limitations) and postintervention periods (appreciation for the different approach, awakening self-confidence, eating attunement, and discovering a new way to eat). The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 factors concur with the preintervention and postintervention categories, contributing to the transition from a less to more intuitive eating profile.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Behavioral intervention raised positive eating experiences that aligned with a more intuitive way of eating. Patients felt more empowered to accept and manage the disease. These results may contribute to changes in the adherence paradigm in nondialysis CKD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"Pages 90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}