Journal of Renal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Visual Nutrition Tool to Improve the Adherence to Healthy Dietary Pattern in the Mexican Population With Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051227624001651/pdfft?md5=7f5914cb254fa1f6329bc4c078426fbc&pid=1-s2.0-S1051227624001651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Online Resources for the Dietary Management of Hyperphosphatemia in People With Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Internet search engines and social media websites are prominent and growing sources of dietary information for people with chronic kidney disease<span><span> (CKD) and their healthcare providers. However, nutrition therapy for CKD is undergoing a paradigm shift, which may lead to inconsistent advice for managing </span>hyperphosphatemia. The aim of this study was to summarize and evaluate online resources for phosphorus-specific nutrition therapy.</span></p></div><div><h3>Design and Methods</h3><p>Patient-facing resources were collected from Google, Yahoo, and Facebook in June–July 2021. Using nine independent search terms, the first 100 hits were reviewed. Dietary advice for food types, food groups, food subgroups, and individual food items was categorized as “restricted,” “recommended,” “mixed,” and “not mentioned.” Information on publication date, source, and author(s), phosphorus bioavailability, and demineralization were also collected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>After removing duplicates, 199 resources from Google and Yahoo and 33 from Facebook were reviewed. Resources ranged from 2005 to 2021 and were primarily authored by registered dietitians and medical doctors (65% and 31%, respectively). Dietary advice mostly focuses on restricting high-phosphorus foods and phosphorus additive-based processed foods. Dietary restrictions were generally consistent with the traditional low-phosphorus diet, which targets whole </span>grains<span>, dairy, and plant-based protein foods, although major inconsistencies were noted. Phosphorus bioavailability and </span></span>demineralization were rarely mentioned (16% and 8%, respectively). Similar findings were found on Facebook, but the limited number of resources limited meaningful comparisons.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Results showed that online resources for phosphorus-specific nutrition therapy are highly restrictive of heart-healthy food items and contain significant inconsistencies. Given the widespread and increasing use of online resources by people with CKD and health care professionals to inform dietary choices, efforts are urgently needed to establish consensus for phosphorus-specific nutrition therapy. Until then, the findings of this study provide a basis for increasing awareness of the potential for confusion arising from online resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Phosphate Educational Materials for Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: Are Confused Messages Reducing Their Impact?","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to review the quality and content of phosphate educational materials used in pediatric<span> chronic kidney disease.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>The quality of text-based (TB) pediatric phosphate educational materials was assessed using validated instruments for health literacy demands (Suitability Assessment of Materials, Patient Education Material Assessment Tool [PEMAT-P]) readability (Flesch Reading Ease, and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level). Codes were inductively derived to analyse format, appearance, target audience, resource type, and content, aiming for intercoder reliability &gt; 80%. The content was compared to Pediatric Renal </span>Nutrition Taskforce (PRNT) recommendations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixty-five phosphate educational materials were obtained; 37 were pediatric-focused, including 28 TB. Thirty-two percent of TB materials were directed at caregivers, 25% at children, and 43% were unspecified. Most (75%) included a production date, with 75% produced &gt;2 years ago. The median Flesch Reading Easetest score was 68.2 (interquartile range [IQR] 61.1–75.3) and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level was 5.6 (IQR 4.5–7.7). Using Suitability Assessment of Materials, 54% rated “superior” (≥70), 38% rated “adequate” (40–69), and 8% rated “not suitable” (≤39). Low-scoring materials lacked a summary (12%), cover graphics (35%), or included irrelevant illustrations (50%). Patient Education Material Assessment Tool-P scores were 70% (IQR 50–82) for understandability and 50% (IQR 33–67) for actionability. An intercoder reliability of 87% was achieved. Over half of limited foods are in agreement with PRNT (including 89% suggesting avoiding phosphate additives). Recommendations conflicting with PRNT included reducing legumes and whole grains. Over a third contained inaccuracies, and over two-thirds included no practical advice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>TB pediatric phosphate educational materials are pitched at an appropriate level for caregivers, but this may be too high for children under 10 years. The inclusion of relevant illustrations may improve this. Three-quarters of materials scored low for actionability. The advice does not always align with the PRNT, which (together with the inaccuracies reported) could result in conflicting messages to patients and their families.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Impact of Malnutrition According to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria Combined With Kidney Dysfunction to Determine Mortality in Inpatients","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The clinical impact of malnutrition based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in patients with kidney dysfunction<span><span> remains poorly understood. This study investigated the usefulness of GLIM criteria for malnutrition in predicting mortality in patients with kidney dysfunction<span><span> and different clinical renal states, including no kidney disease (NKD), </span>acute kidney injury (AKI), and </span></span>chronic kidney disease (CKD).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>This single-center retrospective cohort study<span> included 6,712 patients aged ≥18 admitted between 2018 and 2019. The relationship between the estimated glomerular filtration rate<span> (eGFR) groups, nutritional status based on the GLIM criteria, and the incidence of all-cause mortality was evaluated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Malnutrition was defined as at least one phenotype (weight loss, low </span></span></span>body mass index, or reduced muscle mass) and one etiological criterion (reduced intake/assimilation or disease burden/inflammation).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that eGFR ≤29 (vs. eGFR: 60-89, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52-2.22), 30-59 (vs. eGFR: 60-89, adjusted HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.20-1.64), and ≥90 (vs. eGFR: 60-89, adjusted HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.71), moderate and severe malnutrition (vs. without malnutrition, adjusted HR = 1.38 [1.18-1.62] and 2.18 [1.86-2.54], respectively) were independently associated with the incidence of death. The all-cause mortality rate was higher in patients with malnutrition or eGFR ≤29 (adjusted HR, 3.31; 95% CI: 2.51-4.35) than in patients without malnutrition or eGFR 60-89. Furthermore, moderate and severe malnutrition (vs. no malnutrition) was independently associated with death in patients with NKD, AKI, and CKD.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Malnutrition based on the GLIM criteria was associated with increased all-cause mortality in inpatients, and malnutrition combined with kidney dysfunction was associated with a higher risk of mortality. Furthermore, patients with NKD, AKI, and CKD showed an association between malnutrition based on GLIM criteria and mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Intake of Antioxidant Vitamins and Its Relation to the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults With Preserved Renal Function","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>It is expected that antioxidants contribute to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are no data on the protective effect of </span>dietary antioxidant vitamins on CKD. The purpose of study was to evaluate the renoprotective effect of dietary antioxidant vitamins in the general population.</p></div><div><h3>Design and Methods</h3><p><span>The study participants were 127,081 Korean adults with preserved renal function with estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m</span>²<span><span>. They were categorized into 3 groups by tertile levels of dietary antioxidant vitamins intake including </span>vitamins C, E, and A. Cox proportional hazard assumption was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval for the incident moderate to severe CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]) according to tertile levels of dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins. Subgroup analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of progression from normal to mildly decreased renal function, and from mildly decreased renal function to moderate to severe CKD.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The risk of moderate to severe CKD was not significantly associated with the third tertile of dietary antioxidant vitamin intake including vitamin C (1.02 [0.78-1.34]), E (0.96 [0.73-1.27]), and A (0.98 [0.74-1.29]). Additionally, any tertile groups didn't show the significant association with the risk of moderate to severe CKD. Subgroup analysis also didn't show the decreased risk of progression from normal to mildly decreased renal function, and from mildly decreased renal function to moderate to severe CKD in any tertile groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Dietary intake of vitamins C, E, and A was not significantly associated with the risk of CKD progression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"September Meeting Announcements","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051227624001511/pdfft?md5=f21bb84cb8939b240a9c622c07b833b9&pid=1-s2.0-S1051227624001511-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired saltiness perception contributes to higher sodium intake among patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional two-center study.","authors":"Seiji Kobayashi, Hoichi Amano, Hiroyuki Terawaki, Yoshindo Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dietary sodium restriction is important in the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The association between saltiness perception and sodium intake among CKD patients is unclear, and the factors that influence saltiness are also not fully understood. We evaluated saltiness perception in CKD patients employing a cost-effective saltiness perception test using sodium solutions and evaluated the association between saltiness perception, sodium intake and influencing factors.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>CKD outpatients not undergoing dialysis were enrolled from two medical centers and underwent saltiness perception tests together with 24-hour urine collections to measure daily sodium intake. Participants who perceived saltiness using the test solution containing 25 mM sodium were regarded to have \"preserved\" saltiness perception while those unable to perceive saltiness were regarded as having \"impaired\" saltiness perception.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total 132 participants, the median daily sodium intake was 3.36 g (range; 0.51 to 9.95 g/day), and 43 (32.6%) were ex- or current smokers. When participants were divided into 3 groups (G) according to daily sodium intake level: low (G1; 0.51 to 2.61 g/day), middle (G2; 2.62 to 3.99 g/day) and high (G3; 4.06 to 9.95 g/day), there was an obvious difference in impaired saltiness perception between three groups: 6.8% in G1, 50.0% in G2 and 86.4% in G3 (p-value = 8.035 x 10^-14, Cochran-Armitage test). In a multiple regression analysis in which the saltiness perception was adopted as a subjective variable, smoking habit (ex- or current smoker) and nonadherence to dietary sodium restriction were identified as significant explanatory variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We revealed the clear relationship between higher daily sodium intake and impaired saltiness perception that is related to nonadherence to dietary sodium restriction and smoking habit; both of which could be intervened by nutritional counselling and public health education.</p>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Odor Identification with Nutritional Status and Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Ragibe Gulsah Dilaver, Andrew Guide, Robert Greevy, Talat Alp Ikizler, Ayse Zeynep Bal","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anorexia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and could lead to protein energy wasting (PEW). An altered sense of smell, a reflection of olfactory dysfunction, is a potential mechanism that exacerbates the impact of anorexia on PEW. In this study, we examined the extent of the altered sense of smell and its association with PEW in patients with moderate to advanced CKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 139 individuals (34 healthy subjects - controls, 50 patients with stage 3-4 CKD, 55 patients on maintenance hemodialysis - MHD) using the odor identification test (Sniffin' Sticks odor screening test containing 12 different smells). The odor identification test was scored as either correct or incorrect, and each participant's total odor score was calculated. Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) was used to assess PEW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with CKD had higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and lower serum albumin concentrations compared to healthy individuals. Total odor scores were different between groups, with controls having the highest scores and MHD patients having the lowest scores. A similar difference was observed in MIS, MHD patients displaying the worst nutritional score (p ≤ 0.001). The number of participants with severe olfactory dysfunction (≤ 6 correct answers) was significantly higher in the CKD and MHD groups compared to the controls (p ≤ 0.01). There was an inverse trend between the total odor score and the MIS score for the study population. However, this relationship was not statistically significant (r = -0.124, p = 0.21).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This cross-sectional study suggests that olfactory dysfunction, as assessed by the odor identification test, is altered in patients with advanced CKD, most notably in ones on MHD. Although the diminished sense of smell was observed alongside development of PEW, we explicitly noted that there is no statistically significant correlation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment criteria to diagnose malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) in haemodialysis patients.","authors":"Ghumayra Aziz, Zarina Ebrahim, Nazeema Esau, Meseret M Bazezew","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine if adapted Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria can diagnose overnutrition, in addition to undernutrition, in hemodialysis patients. Additionally, it compared the adapted GLIM criteria with the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) for diagnosing undernutrition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, descriptive study design with an analytical component was utilized. An interviewer-administered questionnaire (IAQ) was completed with 116 adult participants from two public renal units in Cape Town. Data collection included demographic, medical, and anthropometric information, incorporating the established SGA tool and the adapted GLIM criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the participants, 58% were female, with a mean age of 41.04 years (SD 10.6). The primary causes of renal failure were hypertension (38%) and glomerular disease (33%). The median weight was 64.74 kg (IQR 16.4) and the mean BMI was 25.44 kg/m² (SD 4.66). The prevalence of obesity was 20%, and undernutrition was 4% by BMI. Participants from Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) had a higher mean BMI (26.40, SD 4.9) than those from Tygerberg Hospital (TBH) (p=0.0033). Abdominal obesity prevalence was 51%, with a mean waist circumference of 87.06 cm (SD 11.37). Using SGA parameters, undernutrition prevalence was 26%, all classified as SGA-B, compared to 22% by adapted GLIM. Adapted GLIM classified 69.83% as malnourished (overnutrition 47%, undernutrition 22%). For undernutrition, the adapted GLIM had a sensitivity of 75% (CI 64.04, 85.96), specificity of 77.78% (CI 67.26, 88.3), positive predictive value of 69.23% (CI 57.55, 80.91), and negative predictive value of 82.35% (CI 72.71, 92.00). Among those diagnosed with overnutrition by adapted GLIM, 89% were classified as well-nourished by SGA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adapted GLIM criteria effectively assessed overnutrition as well as undernutrition in hemodialysis patients. It identified a significant proportion of patients misclassified as well-nourished by SGA who were actually overnourished. The adapted GLIM showed good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing undernutrition in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Nutritional Risk Index With Infection-Related Hospitalization and Death After Hospitalization in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis.","authors":"Katsuhito Mori, Yosuke Yamamoto, Norio Hanafusa, Suguru Yamamoto, Shingo Fukuma, Yoshihiro Onishi, Masanori Emoto, Masaaki Inaba","doi":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Patients undergoing dialysis frequently experience hospitalization due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and infection. This population is also at high risk of rehospitalization and subsequent death. In addition to serious outcomes, hospitalization incurs substantial medical cost. Prevention of hospitalization is accordingly an urgent matter. Here, we examined whether nutritional disorder was associated with hospitalization and subsequent death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted under a prospective design using data from the Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Pattern Study. The exposure was the Nutritional Risk Index for Japanese Hemodialysis (NRI-JH), through which patients were divided into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups, with the low-risk group as referent. The primary outcome was CVD-related or infection-related hospitalization. Secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. For exploratory analyses, the associations of baseline or latest NRI-JH just before hospitalization, with death after hospitalizations, were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 4021 patients, 566 patients had CVD-related hospitalization and 375 had infection-related hospitalization during a median follow-up of 2.6 years. NRI-JH at baseline was significantly associated with infection-related hospitalization but not with CVD-related hospitalization, in multivariable Cox models (hazard ratio [HR] 1.46, 95% confidential interval [CI]: 1.09 to 1.97, P = .012 for medium-risk vs. low-risk group) (HR 2.46, 95% CI: 1.81 to 3.35, P < .001 for high-risk vs. low-risk group). NRI-JH was also associated with all-cause mortality. In addition, the baseline and latest high-risk NRI-JH groups were significantly associated with death after both CVD-related and infection-related hospitalizations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A higher nutritional risk as evaluated by NRI-JH was associated with infection-related hospitalization but not with CVD-related hospitalization. However, NRI-JH was significantly associated with death after both CVD-related and infection-related hospitalizations, suggesting that nutritional risk may be separately involved in hospitalization or subsequent death. NRI-JH may be useful in the planning of individual care to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}