Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Perceptions and assessment of a novel robotic wheelchair transfer system.","authors":"Shantanu A Satpute, Rosemarie Cooper, Jorge Candiotti, Jonathan A Duvall, Benjamin Gebrosky, Garrett Grindle, Nikitha Deepak, Sivashankar Sivakanthan, Alicia Koontz, Rory A Cooper","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2391599","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2391599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Wheelchair transfers risk injury to users and caregivers. Conventional transfer devices are injury-prone and time inefficient. The Powered Personal Transfer System (PPTS), utilizing a modified Electric Powered Wheelchair (EPW) and a hospital bed, provides a no-lift solution for bed-to-wheelchair transfers. Objective 1: Assess PPTS workload compared to existing methods. Objective 2: Evaluate PPTS EPW in daily mobility tasks. Objective 3: Perform Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America (RESNA) wheelchair standards testing for PPTS EPW stability and performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen professional and family caregivers, experienced in assisting EPW users, performed transfers between the bed and EPW using the PPTS. Subsequently, participants drove the PPTS EPW providing ratings on the ease of performing mobility tasks. Wheelchair testing was conducted following RESNA standards.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>: Simulated bedroom in a laboratory setting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported low workload demands for employing the PPTS and indicated a preference for the PPTS over existing transfer devices/methods. Ease of performing everyday mobility tasks was not significantly different between the modified PPTS and the commercially available original manufacturer equipment EPW (<i>p</i> > 0.05). RESNA wheelchair standards testing confirmed that the PPTS EPW preserves functionality, stability and performance when compared to similar commercially available EPWs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PPTS demonstrated promise in offering a practical, low demanding, and safe solution for transfers. It has the potential to enhance user and caregiver safety by reducing the incidence of caregiver injuries associated with assisting in transfer tasks. In addition to its efficiency and ease of use, it is an advancement in assistive technology for wheelchair transfers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional outcomes and participants' perspectives during short-term application of spinal stimulation in individuals with spinal cord injury.","authors":"Daniel D Veith, Megan L Gill, Lisa A Beck, Crystal L Whitmarsh, K A Fernandez, Margaux B Linde, Anders J Asp, Candee J Mills, Mark A Bendel, Peter J Grahn, Kristin D Zhao","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2383377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2383377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective of this study was to quantify changes in performance of task-specific motor activities over 12 motor rehabilitation sessions with lumbosacral spinal cord stimulation (SCS) via either transcutaneous stimulation or epidural stimulation. Both stimulation modalities have been used in recent years to restore functions lost to spinal cord injury (SCI). Secondary outcomes examine participants' perspectives captured via the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) upon study completion to further understand their perception of SCS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six individuals with SCI completed 12 sessions with one modality of SCS during supine and/or side-lying, seated forward reaching, and standing activities. Changes in volitional lower extremity movement, the number of points of contact needed at hips and/or knees to facilitate standing, and changes in seated forward reaching distance were used to quantify performance. The UEQ was administered to gauge participants' perspectives following use of SCS to enable functions impaired due to SCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all participants, performance of motor activities improved with SCS compared to without stimulation. Responses for the UEQ showed an overall positive perception of trialing SCS with rehabilitation to enhance motor functions impaired by SCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regardless of injury severity, location of injury, time since SCI, or SCS modality, all participants experienced gains in motor function in the presence of SCS combined with a condensed rehabilitation program. However, no evidence of sustained motor functions was found in the absence of SCS. UEQ results highlight the positive perception of SCS with rehabilitation as well as the importance of consulting persons with lived experience of SCS during clinical trial design and protocol development.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05095454.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, timing, and risk factors for development of gastrointestinal bleeding in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: A systematic review.","authors":"Drew H Redepenning, Shivaali Maddali, Olivia A Glotfelty-Scheuering, Jessica B Berry, Brad E Dicianno","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2391593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2391593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Current guidelines recommend four weeks of stress ulcer prophylaxis following traumatic spinal cord injury.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Assess the current literature on the incidence, timing, and risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding/clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding in the acute setting following a traumatic spinal cord injury and whether the use of stress ulcer prophylaxis has been shown to reduce the rates of gastrointestinal bleeding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The average rate of gastrointestinal bleeding among all studies was 5.5% (95% CI = 5.4-5.6%; <i>n</i> = 26,576). The average rate of clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding was 1.8% (95% CI = 1.79-1.82%; <i>n</i> = 3,857). The mean time since injury to when gastrointestinal bleeding occurred ranged from 5 to 22.5 days. For clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding the average time was 16 days or less. Those with cervical injuries had a higher incidence of clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding compared to those with non-cervical injuries (2.7% vs. 0.7%). No study found any difference in the use of stress ulcer prophylaxis in participants with or without gastrointestinal bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overall incidence of clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding among studies was found to be low. Individuals with non-cervical injury were not found to be at high risk of clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding. There was also insufficient evidence to indicate that use of stress ulcer prophylaxis reduces the rate of gastrointestinal bleeding in those with traumatic spinal cord injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administration of methylprednisolone do not affect the spinal scar component of spinal cord injury.","authors":"Xin Liu, Yang Xu, Yangyang Wang, Xia Peng, Jiao Jian, Xuefang Wang, Tinghua Wang","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2352929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2352929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of methylprednisolone (MP) on scar composition following spinal cord injury (SCI).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A total of 40 adult Sprague Dawley rats underwent right hemisection injuries to the spinal cord.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The rats were randomly divided into two groups: the vehicle group and the MP group. In the MP group, rats received intraperitoneal injections of MP at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 7 consecutive days, while the vehicle group received intraperitoneal injections of saline as a control. Weekly assessments of hindlimb performance in the rat models were conducted using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan test (BBB) score and the horizontal ladder-walking test. Changes in scar components were identified through immunofluorescence staining, and an axonal regeneration assay was employed to evaluate regrowth under inhibitory conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of MP led to a significant improvement in BBB scores compared to the control group at 7 days post-injury, although this improvement was not consistent. Furthermore, rats in the MP group did not demonstrate progressive improvement in horizontal ladder walking. Notably, there were no significant changes in the content of scar components in the injured area following MP treatment, and the axon length of neurons treated with MP did not exhibit significant extension compared to the vehicle group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that the administration of MP does not effectively enhance hindlimb motor function or promote neuronal axon growth within a scarred environment after SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community integration after spinal cord injury rehabilitation: Predictors and causal mediators.","authors":"Alejandro García-Rudolph, Hector Cusso, Carola Carbonell, Sandra Lopez, Laura Pla, Marina Sabaté, Pilar Vazquez, Eloy Opisso, Angels Hervas","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2386738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2386738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context/objective: </strong>Community integration (CI) is a crucial rehabilitation goal after spinal cord injury (SCI). There is a pressing need to enhance our understanding of the factors associated with CI for individuals with traumatic or non-traumatic etiologies, with the latter being notably understudied. Accordingly, our research explores the associations and potential mediators influencing CI across these populations.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Specialized neurological rehabilitation center.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Community-dwelling individuals who were admitted as inpatients within 3 months post-injury (<i>n</i> = 431, 51.9% traumatic, 48.1% non-traumatic), assessed in relation to community integration within 1-3 years after discharge.</p><p><strong>Outcome measure: </strong>Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ). Covariates: American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple linear regression yielded age, B AIS grade, educational level (< 6 years and <12 years), time since injury to admission, length of stay, HADS-depression at discharge, total FIM at discharge and three social work interventions (support in financial, legal and transportation services) as significant predictors of total CIQ score (Adjusted <i>R</i>² = 41.4). Multiple logistic regression identified age, traumatic etiology, educational level (< 6 years and <12 years), length of stay, HADS depression at discharge, total FIM at discharge and one social work intervention (transportation support) as significant predictors of good community integration, AUC (95% CI): 0.82 (0.75-0.89), Sensitivity:0.76, Specificity:0.73. We identified motor FIM at discharge and motor FIM efficiency as causal mediators of total CIQ.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified modifiable factors during rehabilitation-functional independence, depression, and social work interventions-that are associated with CI.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges with mobility devices for female Veterans with spinal cord injuries.","authors":"Fareea Khaliq, Angel Dolores-Rodriguez, Brad E Dicianno, Alicia M Koontz, Pooja Solanki, Kelsey Berryman, Frances M Weaver","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2383378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2383378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The growing number of females entering the armed forces has led to an increase in the number of female Veterans with spinal cord injury and diseases (SCI/D) requiring mobility devices. Limited research exists that explores whether mobility devices meet their needs in terms of comfort, fit and design.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize respondents with SCI/D who use mobility devices and determine if these devices are meeting their daily needs.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Online survey.</p><p><strong>Settings: </strong>Veterans Health Administration.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Female Veterans with SCI/D who received mobility devices in the past five years.Interventions: Participants completed an online survey regarding their challenges in obtaining and using mobility devices for their daily needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>101 women with SCI/D participated in a nation-wide online survey. Respondents were mainly in their 50s and 59% were not currently employed due to their disability. Most used manual (35%) or power wheelchairs (34%). Many female Veterans felt their devices were not made with female users in mind and some felt they did not meet their needs. Opportunities to improve the assessment, follow-up, maintenance and repair processes were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given that some female Veterans with SCI/D felt their devices did not meet all their needs, it is important for researchers to engage women in user-centered design of mobility devices and for providers to be mindful of Veterans' daily needs within all steps of the provision process in order for mobility devices to support overall function and usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing of surgical intervention after firearm-related spinal cord injury.","authors":"Heather M Barnett, Alicia N Seeds, Katrina R Dowell, Deepika Nehra, Deborah A Crane","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2379069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2379069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Surgical management of firearm-related spinal cord injury (SCI) remains controversial, and there are no clear guidelines. Time to surgery, surgical indications, and patient characteristics on initial presentation in this group are not well understood, and these factors may impact the potential for neurologic recovery after operative intervention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To understand the timing and factors affecting the timing of operative intervention after firearm-related SCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective cohort study, patients with traumatic SCI from July 2012 to July 2022 (n = 1569) were identified from our level 1 trauma center Trauma Registry. Data was obtained from the trauma registry and chart review. Rates and timing of surgical intervention, initial injury severity measures, and general hospital outcomes were compared between firearm-related SCI and blunt trauma SCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with firearm-related SCI were less likely to undergo surgery compared to other etiologies (24.3% vs. 70.2%, P < 0.0001). Time to surgery for firearm-related SCI was longer than for other etiologies (49.2 ± 92.9 vs. 30.6 h ± 46.0, P = 0.012). Multiple measures of initial injury severity, including Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Score, and emergency department disposition demonstrated more severe injury among patients with firearm-related SCI, and these patients often required other emergent surgeries prior to spine surgery (52%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a longer time to spine surgery among patients with firearm-related SCI compared to blunt trauma SCI, and patients with firearm-related SCI were more severely injured on initial presentation. Further research is needed to understand the complex relationship between patient injury severity, surgical intervention, surgical timing, and outcomes after firearm-related SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2384344","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2384344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic opioid prescription in veterans with spinal cord injury: Prevalence and associated factors.","authors":"Cameron Strong, Stephen P Burns, Anne Arewasikporn, Pradeep Suri, Eric J Hawkins, Steve Leipertz, Jodie Haselkorn, Aaron P Turner","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2378556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2378556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic opioid use presents long-term health risks for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The purpose of the study was to characterize patterns and correlates of the chronic prescription of opioids among individuals with SCI in a population of Veterans receiving care though the Veteran's Health Administration.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study examined the US Department of Veterans Affairs electronic medical record data of veterans with SCI. The annual prevalence of prescription opioid use by type (any, acute, chronic, incident chronic) was calculated for each study year (2015-2017). Multivariable models examined associations with demographics and pre-existing medical comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>US Department of Veterans Affairs, Veteran's Health Administration.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>National sample of Veterans with SCI (<i>N</i> = 10,811).</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Chronic prescription opioid use (≥90 days).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All types of prescription opioid use declined across the three study years (chronic opioid use prevalence = 33.2%, 31.7%, and 29.7%, respectively). Past history of depression, COPD, diabetes, pain condition, opioid use and tobacco use disorders were associated with a greater likelihood of current chronic prescription opioid use. Non-white race, hyperlipidemia, dementia, and tetraplegia were associated with a lower likelihood of current chronic prescription opioid use. When added to the multivariable model, prior chronic opioid prescription use was robustly associated with current chronic prescription opioid use, but most other factors were no longer significantly associated with current opioid use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates opioid reduction over time from 2015 to 2017, however, chronic prescription opioid use remains common among a substantial minority of Veterans with SCI. Several demographics and comorbidities may provide clinicians with important insights into factors associated with chronic prescription opioid use, with past chronic prescription opioid use being the most important.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory analysis of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk calculations in veterans with spinal cord injury and disorders.","authors":"Khin N Chan, Jonathan Myers, David Huberman, Doug Ota, Jeffrey Jaramillo, B Jenny Kiratli","doi":"10.1080/10790268.2024.2375888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2024.2375888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>(1) To describe and compare cardiovascular and cardiometabolic disease risk scores using three existing risk calculators: Framingham Risk Score (FRS), American Heart Association (AHA) and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score (MSSS) in Veterans with spinal cord injury and disorders (SCI/D); (2) To examine level of agreement between risk scores derived from three different risk scoring systems; and (3) To investigate whether the agreement among these methods is different for Veterans with Tetraplegia versus Paraplegia.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective chart review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic medical records of 194 Veterans with SCI/D who were seen at the VAPAHCS SCI/D Center between August 2004 and June 2022 were reviewed. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores (FRS and AHA) along with a Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score (MSSS) were computed using web-based calculators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate agreement between CVD risk scores (FRS and AHA) was observed; however, the agreement was poor between MSSS and both AHA and FRS. No differences were observed between the paraplegia and tetraplegia cohorts. From the AHA risk score, more than half the study population was found to be at high risk while less than half was considered high risk from the FRS and MSSS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the moderate association between AHA and FRS scores along with considerable variation in risk predictors, CVD risk prediction assessment tools should be interpreted cautiously in the SCI population. SCI-related clinical biomarkers and other clinically relevant risk factors should be taken into consideration to optimize risk estimation in persons with SCI/D.</p>","PeriodicalId":50044,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}