ACS Applied Energy Materials最新文献

{"title":"Ag–Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ-Based Nanocomposite Thin Film Air Electrodes for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Cells","authors":"Ozden Celikbilek*,&nbsp;Matthew P. Wells,&nbsp;Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll,&nbsp;Gwilherm Kerherve,&nbsp;Laetitia Rapenne,&nbsp;David Muñoz-Rojas,&nbsp;Mónica Burriel,&nbsp;Marlu Cesar Steil,&nbsp;Elisabeth Siebert and Stephen J. Skinner,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0289910.1021/acsaem.4c02899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02899https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02899","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding and controlling the interfaces between different materials is crucial for developing solid oxide cells (SOCs) with both high performance and durability for low-temperature operation (&lt;700 °C). Current research focuses on evaluating microstructural designs and composite material interactions to optimize SOC performance. Nanocomposite heterostructures exhibit unique properties at the interfaces, which are achieved through precise control of the composition, thickness, and surface chemistry. In this investigation, our goal was to develop nanocomposite films using a combination of a metal and a metal oxide. Specifically, we successfully fabricated Ag–Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2−δ (Ag-CGO) nanocomposite thin films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in a single step. Dense Ag-CGO films with thicknesses of approximately 30 and 300 nm were grown on (100)-oriented yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates. The 300 nm–thick films exhibited an area-specific resistance (ASR) value of 22.6 Ω cm² at 480 °C in a symmetrical cell configuration. This value is comparable to that of a micrometer scale–thick Ag electrode with a coarse porous microstructure. Therefore, Ag-CGO films represent a promising alternative to bulk Ag-based SOC electrodes by significantly reducing noble metal usage. The process described is suitable for integration into thin-film solid oxide fuel cell fabrication processes, as it eliminates the subsequent annealing step required to form a stable and active layer. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into enhancing the performance of metal/metal oxide thin films as SOC electrodes for low-temperature operation. While further investigations are necessary to optimize long-term stability, these films may also prove attractive for alternative catalytic applications operating at lower or ambient temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2828–2836 2828–2836"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaem.4c02899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Brief Review of Emerging Strategies in Designing Interfacial Solar Steam Generation for Desalination, Water Purification, Power Generation, and Sea Farming","authors":"Hairus Abdullah*,&nbsp;Hardy Shuwanto,&nbsp;Nadiya Ayu Astarini,&nbsp;Jenni Lie,&nbsp;Riski Titian Ginting,&nbsp;Meng-Lin Tsai,&nbsp;Shao-Ju Shih and Mika Sillanpää,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0338410.1021/acsaem.4c03384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03384https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03384","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This work briefly reviews the basic concepts to develop low-cost interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) for crucial applications such as desalination, water purification, power generation, and sea farming. It clarifies the existing problems with clean water and the shortcomings of water treatment technology available today. This work highlights the reasons for ISSG development; basic guidance on how this technology had been explored from bottom heating, bulk heating, and interfacial heating; the standard metrics on calculating the evaporator rate and efficiency; and the concepts of water and heat management in ISSG systems. Next, the concept of ISSG technology for desalination and water purification is presented by describing the material and structural design concepts to enhance solar evaporation rates and energy conversion efficiencies. Furthermore, a concise discussion is given on the additional potential of ISSG technology for marine farming and electricity generation. Lastly, forward-looking views of ISSG systems are offered to guide further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2663–2704 2663–2704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaem.4c03384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Atom Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction","authors":"Hao Sun,&nbsp;Linyang Li,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Junhe Yang,&nbsp;Yuepeng Pang and Shiyou Zheng*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0295110.1021/acsaem.4c02951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02951https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02951","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) have gained great attention as highly efficient materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their synergistic dual-site effects and high atomic utilization. This review explores how microenvironmental regulation, including electronic structure optimization and coordination design, influences DAC performance. Both homonuclear and heteronuclear types of DACs are analyzed in detail in terms of their site interactions and structural configurations. Moreover, recent advancements of DACs in HER applications under various pH conditions are discussed, highlighting their enhanced catalytic activity and mechanism. Despite challenges in synthesis and characterization, DACs represent a promising frontier for developing efficient HER catalysts and offer guidance for future research and scalable applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 6","pages":"3276–3293 3276–3293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution-Deposited Ferroelectric BiFeO₃ Perovskite-Based Films: A Spotlight on Their Manifold Applications in Emerging Technologies.","authors":"María Lourdes Calzada, Iñigo Bretos, Ricardo Jiménez, Jesús Ricote, Rafael Sirera, Miguel Algueró, Adriana Barreto, Yadira Andrea Rivas, María Echániz-Cíntora","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c02906","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsaem.4c02906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement of smart materials is crucial for addressing the cross-cutting challenges of contemporary society. These materials are expected to help raise living standards through the expansion of smart cities, efficient management of natural resources, pollution control, and improvements in social welfare. Consequently, the multifunctionality of ferroelectric oxides makes them ideal candidates for meeting these demands. Among ferroelectric oxide materials, bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃) stands out as a multiferroic compound with ferroelectric, ferroelastic, and antiferromagnetic properties at room temperature. It also has one of the lowest bandgaps among ferroelectrics, making it a photoferroelectric compound with both photovoltaic and photocatalytic properties. These responses can be fine-tuned by partially substituting Fe³⁺ ions with selected cations or by creating solid solutions between BiFeO₃ and other ferroelectric perovskites. BiFeO₃-based thin-film materials are regarded as ideal for harnessing the diverse properties of BiFeO₃ in emerging technologies. Chemical solution deposition methods facilitate the design of crystallization pathways for metal oxides, such as BiFeO₃ thin films, making them essential for developing low-temperature strategies that offer benefits ranging from reduced environmental impact to lower manufacturing costs. A greater challenge lies in preparing BiFeO₃ films at temperatures compatible with their direct integration into flexible systems using polymeric substrates. This spotlight article highlights, through examples from our group's research over the past decade, the various applications of BiFeO₃-based perovskite thin films in emerging technologies. Interest is not only in devices based on rigid single-crystal substrates, like silicon, but also in those using flexible polymer substrates. Here, we discuss the promising opportunities of using low-cost, high-throughput solution deposition methods for producing multifunctional BiFeO₃-based perovskite films for future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2845-2868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cobalt-Doped Porous Carbon Protection Layer for Bismuth Vanadate Photoanodes with Enhanced Stability in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting","authors":"Jingyi Lin,&nbsp;Runlu Liu,&nbsp;Hui Pan* and Shenmin Zhu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0315510.1021/acsaem.4c03155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03155https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03155","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photoelectrochemical water splitting by bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) photoanodes is a promising strategy for clean hydrogen production. However, poor stability caused by direct exposure to the electrolyte is one of the great obstacles to hinder its application. Herein, a cobalt-doped dopamine-derived porous carbon layer is designed as an efficient and low-cost protection for BiVO₄ photoanodes. The thick layer of around 10 nm can prevent BiVO₄ from direct exposure to the electrolyte. The electrical conductivity and porous structure of the carbon layer can guarantee the charge and mass transfer within the protection layer. As a result, the obtained BiVO₄ photoanode coated by cobalt-doped porous carbon exhibits an enhanced photocurrent density of 4.78 mA/cm² at 1.23 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode and stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2705–2709 2705–2709"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution-Deposited Ferroelectric BiFeO3 Perovskite-Based Films: A Spotlight on Their Manifold Applications in Emerging Technologies","authors":"María Lourdes Calzada*,&nbsp;Iñigo Bretos,&nbsp;Ricardo Jiménez,&nbsp;Jesús Ricote,&nbsp;Rafael Sirera,&nbsp;Miguel Algueró,&nbsp;Adriana Barreto,&nbsp;Yadira Andrea Rivas and María Echániz-Cíntora,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0290610.1021/acsaem.4c02906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02906https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02906","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The advancement of smart materials is crucial for addressing the cross-cutting challenges of contemporary society. These materials are expected to help raise living standards through the expansion of smart cities, efficient management of natural resources, pollution control, and improvements in social welfare. Consequently, the multifunctionality of ferroelectric oxides makes them ideal candidates for meeting these demands. Among ferroelectric oxide materials, bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃) stands out as a multiferroic compound with ferroelectric, ferroelastic, and antiferromagnetic properties at room temperature. It also has one of the lowest bandgaps among ferroelectrics, making it a photoferroelectric compound with both photovoltaic and photocatalytic properties. These responses can be fine-tuned by partially substituting Fe³⁺ ions with selected cations or by creating solid solutions between BiFeO₃ and other ferroelectric perovskites. BiFeO₃-based thin-film materials are regarded as ideal for harnessing the diverse properties of BiFeO₃ in emerging technologies. Chemical solution deposition methods facilitate the design of crystallization pathways for metal oxides, such as BiFeO₃ thin films, making them essential for developing low-temperature strategies that offer benefits ranging from reduced environmental impact to lower manufacturing costs. A greater challenge lies in preparing BiFeO₃ films at temperatures compatible with their direct integration into flexible systems using polymeric substrates. This spotlight article highlights, through examples from our group’s research over the past decade, the various applications of BiFeO₃-based perovskite thin films in emerging technologies. Interest is not only in devices based on rigid single-crystal substrates, like silicon, but also in those using flexible polymer substrates. Here, we discuss the promising opportunities of using low-cost, high-throughput solution deposition methods for producing multifunctional BiFeO₃-based perovskite films for future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2845–2868 2845–2868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ag-Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2-δ-Based Nanocomposite Thin Film Air Electrodes for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Cells.","authors":"Ozden Celikbilek, Matthew P Wells, Judith L MacManus-Driscoll, Gwilherm Kerherve, Laetitia Rapenne, David Muñoz-Rojas, Mónica Burriel, Marlu Cesar Steil, Elisabeth Siebert, Stephen J Skinner","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c02899","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsaem.4c02899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding and controlling the interfaces between different materials is crucial for developing solid oxide cells (SOCs) with both high performance and durability for low-temperature operation (<700 °C). Current research focuses on evaluating microstructural designs and composite material interactions to optimize SOC performance. Nanocomposite heterostructures exhibit unique properties at the interfaces, which are achieved through precise control of the composition, thickness, and surface chemistry. In this investigation, our goal was to develop nanocomposite films using a combination of a metal and a metal oxide. Specifically, we successfully fabricated Ag-Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_2-δ (Ag-CGO) nanocomposite thin films using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in a single step. Dense Ag-CGO films with thicknesses of approximately 30 and 300 nm were grown on (100)-oriented yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates. The 300 nm-thick films exhibited an area-specific resistance (ASR) value of 22.6 Ω cm² at 480 °C in a symmetrical cell configuration. This value is comparable to that of a micrometer scale-thick Ag electrode with a coarse porous microstructure. Therefore, Ag-CGO films represent a promising alternative to bulk Ag-based SOC electrodes by significantly reducing noble metal usage. The process described is suitable for integration into thin-film solid oxide fuel cell fabrication processes, as it eliminates the subsequent annealing step required to form a stable and active layer. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into enhancing the performance of metal/metal oxide thin films as SOC electrodes for low-temperature operation. While further investigations are necessary to optimize long-term stability, these films may also prove attractive for alternative catalytic applications operating at lower or ambient temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2828-2836"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realizing Room Temperature Stable Rhombohedral Phase NASICON Electrolyte with High Ionic Conductivity through ScF3 Substitution","authors":"Zhenjun Wang,&nbsp;Haoran Zhang,&nbsp;Haisheng Li,&nbsp;Yufan Hou,&nbsp;Bingyuan Han,&nbsp;Jingjing Chen,&nbsp;Xinxin Wang*,&nbsp;Chenlong Dong* and Zhiyong Mao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0312610.1021/acsaem.4c03126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03126https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03126","url":null,"abstract":"<p >NASICON-type (Na₃Zr₂Si₂PO₁₂) electrolytes are regarded as one of the most promising solid-state sodium-ion electrolytes due to their exceptional air stability and extensive electrochemical stability window. Nevertheless, the ionic conductivity still requires further enhancement in comparison to that of a conventional liquid electrolyte. This study presents a strategy to enhance the performance of NASICON electrolytes via ScF₃ substitution. Through the optimization of substitution concentration, a rhombohedral phase NASICON that maintains stability at room temperature was synthesized successfully, attaining an ionic conductivity of 2.1 × 10^–3 S cm^–1. The NVP|NZSP-0.5ScF₃|Na battery, which added 10 μL of liquid electrolyte to wet the NVP/NZSP-0.5ScF₃ interface, achieved a capacity retention of 88.21% (89.74 mA h g^–1) after 5000 cycles at the 5C rate. Even at a 20C discharge rate, the battery sustained 88.78% of its capacity (88.32 mA h g^–1) after 3500 cycles, demonstrating remarkable cycling performance. This work provides a promising approach for the application of solid-state sodium batteries and advances high-performance energy storage technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3028–3034 3028–3034"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoarchitectonic Mesoporous Ni1–xMnxO Electrodes: Charge Capacity and Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysis in Alkaline Media","authors":"Assel Amirzhanova Katırcı,&nbsp;Irmak Karakaya Durukan and Ömer Dag*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0330510.1021/acsaem.4c03305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03305https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03305","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Stable electroactive mesoporous Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O thin-film electrodes are fabricated over FTO and graphite rods using the molten-salt-assisted self-assembly (MASA) method. Ethanol solutions of two salts ([Mn(H₂O)₄](NO₃)₂ and [Ni(H₂O)₆](NO₃)₂ with varying Ni(II)/Mn(II) mole ratios, 1.0 to 0.1) and two surfactants (C₁₂H₂₅(OCH₂CH₂)₁₀OH, C₁₂E₁₀ and C₁₆H₃₃N(CH₃)₃Br, CTAB) are coated over a conducting substrate (FTO and graphite rod) to assemble the salt–surfactant lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) mesophase that is calcined to obtain a mesoporous Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O thin-film electrode. Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O is a solid solution up to <i>x</i> of 0.7, but it transforms the NiMnO₃, Mn₃O₄, and Mn₂O₃ phases in the samples with <i>x</i> values of 0.5 and higher at higher annealing temperatures. FTO and graphite-coated (F-Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O and G-Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O) electrodes have a high charge capacity, but the FTO-coated electrodes are unstable and undergo degradation. They display an increasing charge capacity during early CV cycles (or consecutive GCD measurements) but decay in capacity over long-term experiments. The G-Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O electrodes are more robust and display high charge capacities (958 C/g in pure NiO and 720 C/g in Ni_0.9Mn_0.1O, close to the theoretical values). During the electrochemical tests, both pure NiO and Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O electrodes transform to core-NiO/shell-Ni(OH)₂ and core-Ni_1–<i>x</i>Mn_<i>x</i>O/shell-Ni(OH)₂ structures on the pore walls, respectively. The shell thickness decreases from 2.0 nm in pure NiO to 1.1 nm with 10% Mn(II) addition in Ni_0.9Mn_0.1O at 350 °C. Moreover, the shell thickness is also dependent on the pore-wall thickness that increases exponentially with annealing temperature (from 4.4 to 27.1 nm in pure NiO and 4.0 to 12 nm in Ni_0.9Mn_0.1O by increasing the temperature from 350 to 500 °C, respectively). It increases from 2.0 to 4.5 nm in pure NiO and 1.1 to 1.5 nm in the Ni_0.9Mn_0.1O electrodes at those temperatures, respectively, and determines the charge capacity of the electrodes. The addition of manganese significantly improves the stabilities of the electrodes but almost has no effect on the overpotential of the electrodes. Even though the charge capacity depends on the annealing temperature, OER performance almost shows no effect on the annealing temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3162–3177 3162–3177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenethylammonium Halide Blend as an Efficient Interlayer in Solution-Processed Inverted Planar p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Tanwistha Chakrabarti,&nbsp;Sai Kaarthik and Ajay Perumal*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0290110.1021/acsaem.4c02901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02901https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02901","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Inverted planar (<i>p</i>–<i>i</i>–<i>n</i>) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining popularity due to their low-temperature processability, excellent device stability, flexibility, and negligible <i>J</i>–<i>V</i> hysteresis. In solution-processed <i>p</i>–<i>i</i>–<i>n</i> PSCs, the interface between the HTL (hole transport layer) and the perovskite absorber is vital in determining the device performance. To improve this interface, currently, the approaches involve expensive materials and complex processing methods. Herein, we introduce a blend of two alkylammonium halides, phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) and phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr), as an interlayer on top of the Spiro-based HTL in <i>p</i>–<i>i</i>–<i>n</i> PSCs with a cost-effective approach, which significantly improves the interface quality, wettability (improving the hydrophilicity), and energy alignment, resulting in improved photovoltaic device performance. An optimized ratio of PEAI to PEABr results in optimized device performance having a power conversion efficiency (PCE) greater than 18% with a short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_SC) of 22.71 mA cm^–2, an open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_OC) of 1.09 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 74.78%. In comparison to devices using a polymeric interlayer (PFN-P1), the phenethylammonium halide blend interlayer-based devices offer comparable efficiency at a much lower cost and with a simpler fabrication process. Moreover, it avoids the need for an ultrathin layer formation. Thermal stability tests demonstrate that devices with the phenethylammonium halide blend interlayer retain over 80% of their initial efficiencies after more than 700 h of thermal aging at 85 °C, showing better durability compared to PFN-P1 polymer interlayer-based devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2837–2844 2837–2844"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}