ACS Applied Energy Materials最新文献

{"title":"Pavonite Homologous CdAg2.5Sb6.5Se12 as a Promising Thermoelectric Compound","authors":"Bowen Jin,&nbsp;Chenghao Xie,&nbsp;Yicheng Wang,&nbsp;Rongcheng Li,&nbsp;Chengyun Liao,&nbsp;Zhengjie Liu,&nbsp;Xinfeng Tang and Gangjian Tan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.5c0001710.1021/acsaem.5c00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c00017https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c00017","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Pavonite compounds with complex and disordered structures are promising thermoelectric materials due to their extremely low lattice thermal conductivity. Herein, we report the pavonite compound CdAg_2.5Sb_6.5Se₁₂ with an extremely low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.36 W m^–1 K^–1 at 773 K. Because of the poor electrical properties, we adjust the ratio of Ag and Cd to populate a large quantity of carriers, thus increasing the carrier concentration. Based on the single parabolic band model, the density of state effective mass increases from 0.3 <i>m</i>_e in the pristine sample to 1.3 <i>m</i>_e in the doped one (<i>m</i>_e is the electron mass) because of the increase in the valence band degeneracy. Ultimately, the extremely low thermal conductivity combined with the enhanced electrical performance results in enhanced ZT ∼ 0.35 at 672 K compared with the pristine sample of ∼0.02.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3185–3192 3185–3192"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoelectric Generator Performance Evaluation of Mg3Sb0.6Bi1.4 for Low-Grade Heat Recovery","authors":"Nirma Kumari,&nbsp;Amit Singh and Titas Dasgupta*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0260910.1021/acsaem.4c02609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02609https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02609","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bismuth-rich compositions of Mg₃Sb_2–<i>x</i>Bi_<i>x</i> can be potential low-cost replacements for Bi₂Te₃-based materials for near-room-temperature thermoelectric applications. The <i>x</i> = 1.4 composition, i.e., Mg₃Sb_0.6Bi_1.4, has been reported to have the best performance, and its thermoelectric generator (TEG) performance has been studied in this work. A single-leg TEG device has been fabricated using iron as the contact material. Interface studies indicate a well-bonded, crack-free joint with a low contact resistance value of 15 μΩ cm². TEG measurements have been performed with a maximum temperature gradient (Δ<i>T</i>) of 246 K, and a peak efficiency value of 6.5% and a power output of 64 mW have been obtained. Validation of the experimental data has been carried out using theoretical calculations based on a mixed averaging technique and indicates an acceptable match between experiment and theory. The obtained conversion efficiencies of Mg₃Sb_0.6Bi_1.4 are comparable to commercial Bi₂Te₃ modules in the Δ<i>T</i> range of 50–250 K, indicating their suitability for low-grade heat recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2741–2746 2741–2746"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"l-Ascorbic Acid-Assistant Synthesis of Molybdenum Disulfide with Varied Morphologies for Accelerating Electrochemical Kinetics in Zinc-Ion Batteries","authors":"Qian Wang,&nbsp;Lianghao Song,&nbsp;Yelim Kwon,&nbsp;Zhengyang Li,&nbsp;Chenglin Cui,&nbsp;Hansol Kim,&nbsp;Ravindra N. Bulakhe* and Ji Man Kim*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0304010.1021/acsaem.4c03040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03040https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03040","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) with a layered structure is a prevalent material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. However, the intercalation of zinc ions can be hindered by high energy barriers, resulting in sluggish electrochemical kinetics and reduced capacity. In this study, MoS₂ with varied morphologies are synthesized utilizing <span>l</span>-ascorbic acid, which significantly influences the formation of MoS₂, yielding smaller nanoflowers with increased surface area and sulfur vacancies. Consequently, a MoS₂ electrode with a surface area of 82.7 m² g^–1 demonstrates enhanced rate capability and a higher specific capacity of 184.9 mA h g^–1 at 0.1 A g^–1. At a current density of 5 A g^–1, it maintains a capacity of 111.7 mA h g^–1. Furthermore, after 100 cycles at 5 A g^–1, the capacity sustains at 91.4 mA h g^–1, approximately three times that of the pristine MoS₂ electrode. Improved hydrophilicity, an enhanced Zn²⁺ diffusion coefficient, and decreased internal resistance are likely to facilitate zinc-ion diffusion, thereby improving the electrochemical performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2915–2927 2915–2927"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Optoelectronic and Thermoelectric Properties in Kagome Rb2Pt3S4: A Probable Energy-Efficient Material","authors":"Pawan Joshi,&nbsp;Gang Bahadur Acharya,&nbsp;Ishwor Bahadur Khadka,&nbsp;Bhuvanesh Srinivasan,&nbsp;Se-Hun Kim* and Madhav Prasad Ghimire*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.5c0026810.1021/acsaem.5c00268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c00268https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c00268","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recent research on kagome materials has shown their multiple applications in diverse fields. Here, we have carried out density functional theory (DFT) calculations to explore the multifaceted properties of a synthesized, but yet less-explored kagome material Rb₂Pt₃S₄. This material is found to be dynamically and mechanically stable. Electronic structure calculations have shown that it is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap ranging from ∼1.28 to 2.34 eV. The major contributions to the density of states around the Fermi level are from the Pt 5d and S 3p orbitals. Optical parameters were computed using a dielectric function, revealing moderate optical reflectivity and conductivity, large optical anisotropy, and optical activity within the ultraviolet region, suggesting that the proposed material is a potential candidate for optoelectronic devices. In addition, temperature- and pressure-dependent thermal properties manifested that the compound studied bears ultralow lattice thermal conductivity with low Debye temperature, low sound velocities, and large Grüneisen parameter. The calculation of transport properties based on the semiclassical Boltzmann theory reveals that Rb₂Pt₃S₄ is a potential candidate for thermoelectric material with optimum figure of merit (<i>ZT</i>) values of ∼1.88 (for n-type) and ∼1.54 (for p-type) at 900 <i>K</i>. Furthermore, the valence band convergence identified in Rb₂Pt₃S₄ plays a significant role in improving the power factor and <i>ZT</i>, suggesting it as an energy-efficient material.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3217–3228 3217–3228"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spiderweb-like Three-Dimensional Cross-Linked AGE Binder for High Performance Silicon-Based Lithium Battery","authors":"Yang Xiang,&nbsp;Haohang Xu,&nbsp;Jiangxiong Deng,&nbsp;Jinjin Li,&nbsp;Muhammad Altaf Nazir and Shu-Juan Bao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0309810.1021/acsaem.4c03098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03098https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03098","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the research of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, silicon materials have become a research hotspot in the field of new energy batteries by virtue of their theoretical specific capacity of up to 4200 mA h g^–1. However, the volume change of the silicon anode during lithiation/delithiation is as high as 300%, which leads to the collapse of the electrode structure and thus affects its cycling stability. Here, we propose a spiderweb-like 3D network binder named AGE to resist the volume expansion of the silicon anode and maintain its integrity during long cycling time. Epichlorohydrin as a crosslinker to form a spiderweb-like network (AGE) with gum Arabic (GA) and guar gum (GG) under the open loop condition of epichlorohydrin. During the lithiation/lithiation process, the three-dimensional network structure of the AGE binder can dissipate the stresses generated in the silicon material, and the abundant polar functional groups of AGE can effectively interact with the hydrogen on the surface of the silicon material by hydrogen bonds. In this way, the structure of the silicon cell remains intact, and the cycling stability is significantly improved (93.4% of the initial capacity) compared to that with PAA as the binder (23.2% of the initial capacity).</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2973–2981 2973–2981"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Electron-Deficient Ternary Metal Fluoride Nanocages for Overall Urea-Assisted Water Electrolysis","authors":"Thuy Tien Nguyen Tran,&nbsp;Nguyen Duy Hai,&nbsp;Hai Dang Ngo,&nbsp;Thu Bao Nguyen Le and Ngoc Quang Tran*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0326210.1021/acsaem.4c03262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03262https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03262","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Transition-metal fluoride has recently emerged as a promising metal-ion battery cathode; however, it has rarely been reported as an electrocatalyst, especially for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Herein, we report a facile and scalable approach for in situ transformation of polyhedron ZIF-67 nanocrystals into ternary metal fluoride nanocages as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the overall urea-assisted water electrolysis. Metal-fluoride bonding offers the tunable binding abilities of CO* and NH* intermediates due to the highly electron-deficient metal center, accelerating both the hydrogen evolution reaction and UOR activities. As expected, the as-synthesized FeCoNiF₂ nanocages show a considerable improvement in the catalytic performance after the embedment of the fluorine component. For UOR, the FeCoNiF₂ nanocage catalysts achieve a 10 mA cm^–2 at low overpotential of 140 mV, which is considerably lower than that of oxygen evolution reaction. Operando Raman spectroscopy proved that a catalytic active NiOOH phase is evolved from the FeCoNiF₂ surface during the anodic reaction. Furthermore, a two-electrode cell constructed from FeCoNiF₂ as the anode and Pt/C as the cathode also shows an excellent urea-assisted overall water splitting activity, which requires only 1.4 and 1.63 V to reach 10 and 100 mA cm^–2. This discovery provides a promising strategy for developing effective urea electrolysis for large-scale hydrogen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3132–3144 3132–3144"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Valence Mg2+ Doping Suppresses Irreversible Phase Transition of Sodium-Rich Fluorophosphate upon Additional Na+ Deintercalation","authors":"Ketai Ren,&nbsp;Jinkai Qiu,&nbsp;Honglai Liu,&nbsp;Hongfang Song,&nbsp;Quan Li* and Jingkun Li*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0321610.1021/acsaem.4c03216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03216https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03216","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Fluorophosphate Na₃V₂(PO₄)₂F₃ (NVPF) is considered a promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries, while its specific capacity is still insufficient compared to that of cathodes of lithium-ion batteries. Activating the third Na⁺ effectively increases the specific capacity of NVPF. However, the accompanied irreversible phase transition deteriorates the cycling stability. In this study, we synthesized sodium-rich Na_3.5V_1.5Mg_0.5(PO₄)₂F₃ (NVMPF) through doping low-valence Mg²⁺ with a high content, which introduces an extra 0.5 Na⁺ in the crystal lattice. The extra 0.5 Na⁺ remains in the lattice of NVMPF, acting as “pillars” to suppress the irreversible phase transition after the third Na⁺ is extracted by activating the V^5+/4+ redox couple at a high voltage. Thus, NVMPF achieves a specific discharge capacity of 170 mAh g^–1 between 1.0 and 4.7 V while maintaining the tetragonal structure of NVMPF. This work offers insightful guidelines to achieve the full utilization of three Na⁺ with enhanced cycling stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3066–3073 3066–3073"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a 2D Heterointerface of MoS2/MnIn2S4 with Improved Interfacial Charge Carrier Transfer for Photocatalytic H2O2 Production","authors":"Uttam Kumar,&nbsp;Emmanuel Picheau,&nbsp;Huanran Li,&nbsp;Zihan Zhang,&nbsp;Takayuki Kikuchi,&nbsp;Indrajit Sinha* and Renzhi Ma*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0329610.1021/acsaem.4c03296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03296https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03296","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photocatalytic oxygen reduction to H₂O₂ is a promising sustainable solar fuel production pathway. Photocatalysts with heterostructure interfaces can suppress charge carrier recombination and endow photogenerated electrons and holes with improved redox potentials. This study develops a heterostructured two-dimensional (2D) MoS₂/MnIn₂S₄ photocatalyst for photocatalytic H₂O₂ production. The photocatalyst with an optimal loading of MnIn₂S₄ on 2D MoS₂ nanosheets demonstrates the maximum H₂O₂ production rate of 606.7 μmol g^–1 h^–1, approximately 4.2 and 5 times higher than pristine 2D MoS₂ and MnIn₂S₄, respectively. The synergistic interaction between 2D MoS₂ nanosheets and MnIn₂S₄ results in enhanced charge separation, optical absorption, stability, and recyclability. Reaction pathway studies reveal that H₂O₂ production is through a sequential single-electron O₂ reduction reaction by accumulated photogenerated electrons on the conduction band of the 2D MoS₂/MnIn₂S₄ heterostructure. This work presents a noble-metal-free photocatalyst responsive to visible light for solar H₂O₂ generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3107–3119 3107–3119"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaem.4c03296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NiFe on CeO2, TiO2, and ZrO2 Supports as Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts in Alkaline Media","authors":"Neethu Kochukunnel Varghese*,&nbsp;Elina Mkrtchian,&nbsp;Anshika Singh,&nbsp;Letizia Savio,&nbsp;Massimiliano Boccia,&nbsp;Vincenza Marzocchi and Antonio Comite*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0326810.1021/acsaem.4c03268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03268https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c03268","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The high cost and low energy efficiency of conventional water electrolysis methods continue to restrict the widespread adoption of green hydrogen. Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis is a promising technology that can produce hydrogen using cost-effective transition-metal catalysts at high energy efficiency. Herein, we investigate the catalytic activity of nickel and iron nanoparticles dispersed on metal-oxide supports for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), employing electrochemical testing with an anion exchange ionomer to evaluate their potential for application in AEM electrolyzers. We report the electrochemical performance of NiFe nanoparticles of varying Ni:Fe ratios on CeO₂ for OER reaction, assessing the overpotential, Tafel slope, and electrochemical stability of the catalysts. Our findings indicate that Ni₉₀Fe₁₀ has the highest catalytic activity as well as stability. To further understand the role of different supports, we assess the electrocatalytic performance of Ni₉₀Fe₁₀ nanoparticles on two more supports - TiO₂ and ZrO₂. While CeO₂ has the lowest overpotential, the other supports also show high activity and good performance at high current densities. TiO₂ exhibits superior stability and its overpotential after chronopotentiometry measurements approaches that of CeO₂ at high current densities. These results underscore the critical role of iron addition in enhancing nickel nanoparticles’ catalytic activity and further emphasize the importance of metal oxide supports in improving catalyst stability and performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"3087–3095 3087–3095"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsaem.4c03268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensational Effects of 4-tert-Butylpyridine Additive for PTAA Hole Transport Material Using a Spontaneous Perovskite Passivator in Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Naoyuki Nishimura*,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kanda and Takurou N. Murakami,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0286810.1021/acsaem.4c02868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02868https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02868","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Development of hole transport materials (HTMs) plays an important role in the advancement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Typical HTMs are organic semiconductors; dopants are required to enhance the hole collection properties of PSCs. One typical set of dopants used is lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) combined with 4-<i>tert</i>-butylpyridine (TBP). The primary role of TBP is to dissolve Li-TFSI, yet the effects of TBP independent of those of Li-TFSI remain elusive, especially when combined with poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), a promising HTM possessing the advantage of thermal stability. To investigate the effects of TBP, we employed <i>n</i>-octylammonium TFSI (OA-TFSI) room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) additive for PTAA with a calibrated TBP concentration. The recently emerged OA-TFSI additive functions as a spontaneous perovskite passivator; during the deposition of the HTM solution containing the OA-TFSI additive, the OA cations spontaneously passivate the perovskite, effectively suppressing defects on the perovskite surface. As OA-TFSI is an RTIL, the necessity of TBP for dissolving OA-TFSI in the HTM solution is potentially negated, unlike Li-TFSI. Indeed, the OA-TFSI without TBP exhibited relatively high-power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in PTAA-based n–i–p-structured PSCs of up to 22.0%, exploiting the effective spontaneous perovskite passivation. However, TBP addition to the HTM solution resulted in compensational effects on the photovoltaic (PV) performance. TBP addition improved the uniformity of the PTAA HTM layer, contributing to an increased fill factor, and TBP addition presumably hampered spontaneous perovskite passivation and caused energy loss between the perovskite and PTAA, which decreased the open-circuit voltage. Consequently, the PSCs with optimal TBP addition exhibited a PV performance similar to that without TBP addition (e.g., highest PCE of 21.6%). The obtained insights provide valuable guidance regarding the use of additives for PTAA HTMs, which can be a bottleneck for PTAA-based PSC development, thus contributing to the further development of PSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":"8 5","pages":"2802–2809 2802–2809"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}