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Journal of the History of the Neurosciences最新文献

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The concept of the Schwann cell by Louis Ranvier and his school: The 'interannular segment' as a cell unit. 路易-兰维尔及其学派提出的许旺细胞概念：作为细胞单位的 "环间节段"。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2405107
Jean-Gaël Barbara, Paul Foley
{"title":"The concept of the Schwann cell by Louis Ranvier and his school: The 'interannular segment' as a cell unit.","authors":"Jean-Gaël Barbara, Paul Foley","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2405107","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2405107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hundredth anniversary of the death of French histologist Louis Ranvier (1835‒1922) is an opportunity to reexamine his elaboration of the first concept of the Schwann cell. A loyal supporter of Theodor Schwann and his discoveries, and an attentive reader of the work of Albert von Kölliker, Ranvier studied the anatomic details of the myelinated nerve fiber with picrocarminate staining. The diffusion of the dye into the nerve fiber at the cut ends and at the sites of the annular constrictions (Ranvier's nodes) set him on the path to defining a new cellular entity surrounding the axon, the \"interannular segment,\" comprising a Schwann nucleus, myelin, and cytoplasm. Ramón y Cajal recognized in 1913 that this concept of the Schwann cell according to Ranvier and his pupil William Vignal had been a brilliant intuition, but it was widely rejected until it was rediscovered using electron microscopy in the 1950s. The article reconstructs the steps of Ranvier and Vignal in building this Schwann cell concept, as well as establishing bridges with the discoveries of the 1950s.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"64-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Henry Hun and his family: Three foundational stories in the history of nineteenth-century American neurology, Part II. Edward Hun (1842-1880) and the beginnings of neurological research in nineteenth-century America. 亨利·亨和他的家人：19世纪美国神经病学史上的三个基本故事，第二部分。Edward Hun（1842-1880）和19世纪美国神经学研究的开端。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2429040
Spencer Weig
{"title":"Henry Hun and his family: Three foundational stories in the history of nineteenth-century American neurology, Part II. Edward Hun (1842-1880) and the beginnings of neurological research in nineteenth-century America.","authors":"Spencer Weig","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2429040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2024.2429040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Edward Reynolds Hun is easily eclipsed by his father, Thomas (1808-1896), and his younger brother, Henry (1854-1924), in historical accounts of the evolution of neurology as a clinical specialty and academic discipline in nineteenth-century America. His early educational pathway, including a postgraduate year in Paris, was typical for sons of the wealthy seeking a medical degree. On his return from Europe, he embarked on a research career in neuropsychiatry seeking to uncover biochemical and pathological underpinnings for psychiatric disorders. In addition to standard postmortem examinations, he used the most up-to-date technological advances such as sphygmography. He was also one of the first Americans to publish photomicrographs of muscle obtained by biopsy. In his mid-30s he became a charter member of the American Neurological Association and was appointed professor of diseases of the nervous system at Albany Medical College. His health then rapidly deteriorated, leading to his early death at age 37 of an unclear neurologic disorder. His career intersected with those of other notables in late-nineteenth-century American neurology, including John P. Gray, William A. Hammond, Edward Constant Séguin, and Edward Charles Spitzka.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The last voyage of Jean-Martin Charcot. 让·马丁·沙可的最后一次航行。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2415372
Frans Gilson
{"title":"The last voyage of Jean-Martin Charcot.","authors":"Frans Gilson","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2415372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2024.2415372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jean-Marin Charcot died unexpectedly on August 16, 1893, at the age of 67, while on a journey to the Morvan for a short holiday with colleagues and friends. This article reports in detail circumstances of Charcot's journey, and his untimely death in a small and modest room in a secluded hotel in the French countryside. In Part 1, I describe the reasons for Charcot's choice to go on the journey, with an emphasis on his role in the recent and controversial \"Panama Affair.\" Subsequently, I describe the first days of the vacation journey by train, horse-drawn carriage, and walking as he visited castles, churches, and an archeological museum. During this holiday, Charcot's companions got to know his great versatility: He was interested in history, antiques, excavations from the prehistory, languages, literature, painting, architecture, nature, and horticulture. In Part 2, I narrate Charcot's sudden death. Additionally, I pay attention to the different reports in the press, the difficult and long journey of the corpse back to Paris, and the religious funeral, followed by the walk to Charcot's final resting place in the Montmartre Cemetery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Male hysteria in theory and practice: Analyzing patient records of the Tartu Psychiatric Hospital (Estonia), 1881-1895. 男性癔病的理论与实践：分析塔尔图精神病院（爱沙尼亚）的病人记录，1881-1895 年。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2422052
Anu Rae
{"title":"Male hysteria in theory and practice: Analyzing patient records of the Tartu Psychiatric Hospital (Estonia), 1881-1895.","authors":"Anu Rae","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2422052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2024.2422052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During 1881-1895, a small number of male patients-18 in total-were diagnosed with hysteria at the University of Tartu Psychiatric Hospital. Rather than constituting an obscure psychiatric institution on the margins of European medical traditions, Tartu during these years witnessed the arrival of several influential psychiatrists: Hermann Emminghaus (1845-1904), Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926), and Vladimir Chizh (1855-1922). Yet, when comparing patient case records of male hysteria written by doctors who also published journal articles and medical textbooks on the topic, one can detect a clear inconsistency between the theory and practice of psychiatry at an important moment of its formation. Contrary to the simplified characterizations in the textbooks, there was no uniform formulation of male hysteria in the case records. The clinical description differed remarkably, throughout the career of individual doctors, between symptomology presented in a textbook and clinical picture described in a patient record, and between different doctors who practiced in the same clinic during this 15-year period. This study highlights the importance of using patient case records in conjunction with a formal medical treatise to provide new insights and nuances to the intellectual history of hysteria, but also other diagnoses and clinical practice more broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Charcot's interest in faith healing. 沙尔科对信仰疗法的兴趣。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2408918
A J Lees
{"title":"Charcot's interest in faith healing.","authors":"A J Lees","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2408918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2024.2408918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jean-Martin Charcot believed that \"miraculous\" cures followed the rules of nature and that the resolution of physical stigmata after pilgrimages to shrines followed the laws of physiology. He acknowledged that some of the patients he had failed to improve at La Salpêtrière had subsequently been cured by the \"faith cure\" at Lourdes, but he believed their recovery had occurred through \"autosuggestion.\" Although this term is more commonly associated with his collaborator Pierre Janet, it is clearly expressed in Charcot's final pronouncements. Charcot's recognition of the neurological origin of hysteria is central to contemporary ideas about the cause of functional neurological disorders, and even some components of his once derided treatment approach-including mental training, graded exercise, and medical hypnotism-are in vogue.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The evolution of plasticity in the neuroscientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century to the present. 从二十世纪下半叶到现在，可塑性在神经科学文献中的演变。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2371783
Aliakbar Akbaritabar, Beatrix P Rubin
{"title":"The evolution of plasticity in the neuroscientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century to the present.","authors":"Aliakbar Akbaritabar, Beatrix P Rubin","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2371783","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2371783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the neurosciences, concepts play an important role in the conception and direction of research. Among the theoretical notions and direction of research, plasticity stands out because of the multiple ways in which scientists use it to describe and interpret how the nervous system changes and adapts to different requirements. The occurrence of different conceptualizations of plasticity in the scientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century and up to the present was investigated using bibliometric methods. Throughout the period analyzed, synaptic plasticity has remained the dominant conceptualization of plasticity. However, scientists have continued to introduce novel plasticity concepts reflecting the scientific advances they have made in understanding the dynamic nature of the nervous system. The conceptual evolution of plasticity documents that the view of the adult nervous system as immutable has been replaced by an understanding of the nervous system as capable of lifelong change and adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"397-418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141910153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'A divine right to photograph': E. Graeme Robertson's (1903-1975) historical motion pictures of National Hospital staff in 1933. 神圣的摄影权格雷姆-罗伯逊（E. Graeme Robertson，1903-1975 年）1933 年拍摄的国立医院员工历史动态照片。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2371801
Nadeem Toodayan, Denis G Robertson, Neil E Anderson, Andrew J Lees
{"title":"'A divine right to photograph': E. Graeme Robertson's (1903-1975) historical motion pictures of National Hospital staff in 1933.","authors":"Nadeem Toodayan, Denis G Robertson, Neil E Anderson, Andrew J Lees","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2371801","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2371801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the course of researching and writing the first-ever book length biography of Edward Graeme Robertson's (1903-1975) eventful life and career in Australasian neurology, a rare 1933 cinema film recording of National Hospital staff at Queen Square has recently been rediscovered. Graeme completed his residency in neurology at Queen Square in the early 1930s and maintained close connections with his colleagues in London, thoughtfully recording them at different times using early movie cameras. Two versions of Graeme's 1933 film have been preserved, and there are also other color clips of his colleagues from later in life in the UCL Neurology archives and Robertson family collection. These remarkable films contain images of several historically significant neurologists, including Gordon Morgan Holmes (1876-1965), Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson (1878-1937), Derek Denny-Brown (1901-1981), Macdonald Critchley (1900-1997), and several others. We provide a contextual summary of the many clips recorded alongside an in-depth inventory of all the personalities represented in the 1933 film. Selected photographs are used to indicate the contents of these remarkable films.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"419-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The trial of David Ferrier, November 1881: Context, proceedings, and aftermath. 对戴维-费里耶的审判，1881 年 11 月：背景、程序和后果。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2324809
Ian Bone, Andrew J Larner
{"title":"The trial of David Ferrier, November 1881: Context, proceedings, and aftermath.","authors":"Ian Bone, Andrew J Larner","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2324809","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2324809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In November 1881, the eminent physiologist and physician David Ferrier was prosecuted under the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876. The prosecution was raised by the Victoria Street Society, formerly known as the Society for the Protection of Animals Liable to Vivisection, through its activist founder, Frances Power Cobbe. This article examines the legislative context prior to Ferrier's trial, the personalities involved in the prosecution, and its course and outcome. The resultant impact, both personal, on Cobbe and Ferrier, and professional, on experimental neurophysiology, is discussed, in particular the foundation of the Association for the Advancement of Medicine by Research (AAMR) and the provision of legal support for medical practitioners subject to litigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"333-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Henry Hun and his family: Three foundational stories in the history of nineteenth-century American neurology, Part I. Thomas Hun (1808-1896): Nineteenth-century patriarch, neurophilosopher, and proto-neurologist. 亨利-亨和他的家人托马斯-亨（1808-1896 年）：十九世纪的元老、神经哲学家和原神经学家。
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2342306
Spencer Weig
{"title":"Henry Hun and his family: Three foundational stories in the history of nineteenth-century American neurology, Part I. Thomas Hun (1808-1896): Nineteenth-century patriarch, neurophilosopher, and proto-neurologist.","authors":"Spencer Weig","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2342306","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2342306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thomas Hun (1808-1896)-along with his sons Edward (1842-1880) and Henry (1854-1924)-were prime movers in establishing the clinical practice and academic discipline of neurology in the Hudson River Valley of New York in the ninteenth and early-twentieth centuries. This article outlines the life of the family's semi-aristocratic patriarch, beginning with Thomas's unusual educational background and his six-year post-graduate hiatus in Paris of the 1830s, where he came under the influence of P. C. A. Louis (1787-1872). It lays out his subsequent career as professor of the Institutes of Medicine and ultimately as dean of an American medical school that was not situated in a major metropolis. It also will demonstrate how Thomas Hun's career as a medical practitioner, academician, neurophilosopher, and \"proto-neurologist\" recapitulates the evolution of clinical and academic neurology in nineteenth-century America.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"368-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ivan Pavlov's conditioned reflexes and Ivane Beritashvili's doctrine of image-driven behavior: Materialism, myth, and politics. 伊万-巴甫洛夫的条件反射和伊万-贝里塔什维利的形象驱动行为学说：唯物主义、神话与政治
IF 0.3 3区 哲学
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1080/0964704X.2024.2405110
S Brian Hood
{"title":"Ivan Pavlov's conditioned reflexes and Ivane Beritashvili's doctrine of image-driven behavior: Materialism, myth, and politics.","authors":"S Brian Hood","doi":"10.1080/0964704X.2024.2405110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0964704X.2024.2405110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ivane Beritashvili has been regarded as an \"anti-Pavlovian\" for nearly a century. One respect in which Beritashvili is said to be anti-Pavlovian is in granting an explanatory role to subjective mental states in his doctrine of image-driven behavior. In this article, I aim to problematize the anti-Pavlovian assessment and argue that Beritashvili did not deviate from Pavlovian scientific norms, minor points of theoretical and methodological differences between them notwithstanding. Furthermore, several respects in which Beritashvili is claimed to be anti-Pavlovian are ways in which he resembles Pavlov. Turning my attention to Beritashvili's critics in the Soviet Union, those responsible for his censure, I argue that it is the critique of Beritashvili that runs counter to the norms Pavlov embraced. I contest the claim that his alleged deviations from Pavlovian orthodoxy justify classification as anti-Pavlovian in a sense that is either historically accurate or philosophically interesting, and submit that the grounds on which Beritashvili is derided as anti-Pavlovian would also justify labeling Pavlov himself as anti-Pavlovian. Informed by the case of Beritashvili and others who were politically persecuted for their scientific work in the Soviet Union, I conclude with reflections on science, politics, and the intrusion of the latter in the former.</p>","PeriodicalId":49997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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