{"title":"First detection of NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains in Japan.","authors":"Yoriko Yonezawa, Osamu Taira, Takashi Omori, Nobuyuki Tsutsumi, Katsuaki Sugiura","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0451","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an important pathogen in the swine industry. We report for the first time the detection of NADC34-like PRRSV strains in Japan. Serum samples from 18 piglets in Okinawa Prefecture were analyzed for the open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene encoding glycoprotein 5, which revealed that all samples belonged to sublineage 1.5 (L1A) of Lineage 1. Phylogenetic analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns, and glycosylation site characteristics confirmed the presence of NADC34-like strains that caused severe outbreaks in the U.S. and Asia. Despite its known pathogenicity, the farm showed only a transient increase in mortality. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into the pathogenicity of PRRSV strains and their potential for the emergence of new variants in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"110-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of four infectious diseases (Porcine Circovirus Type 2, Aujeszky's Disease, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae) in wild boars in South Korea.","authors":"Kidong Son, Rury Lee, Dongbin Lee, Yeonji Kim, Jiyun Sung, Hyesung Jeong, Suwoong Lee, Jae-Ku Oem","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0205","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the large wild boar population in South Korea, research on infectious diseases is limited. We investigated the prevalence of infectious diseases caused by Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), Aujeszky's Disease Virus (ADV), Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in 400 wild boars in South Korea. PCV2 antibodies were detected in 223 samples, antigens in 112, and both in 101. ADV and PRRSV antibodies were detected in one and three samples, respectively. M. hyopneumoniae antibodies were identified in 28 samples. PCV2 was detected in all nine regions, M. hyopneumoniae in five, PRRSV in three, and ADV in one. Infectious-disease monitoring is crucial to safeguard wild boars.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"115-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A clinical case of CACNA1S-related muscle weakness in a Holstein calf with congenital astasia diagnosed by a genotyping test of stored blood.","authors":"Hisashi Inokuma, Masaki Maezawa, Yoshiyuki Miyazaki, Atsushi Ogino, Ken-Ichi Watanabe, Yoshiyasu Kobayashi","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0308","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A homozygous calf with CACNA1S-related muscle weakness, a new autosomal recessive congenital disorder in Holstein cattle, was identified by genotyping 195 stored blood samples from Holstein calves aged less than 12 months. The patient was an 8-day-old male calf with congenital astasia which presented to a university hospital in 2019. The patient was unable to maintain an upright position with assistance to stand. Congenital abnormalities in the central nervous system were suspected, but necropsy revealed no specific lesion, with no clear diagnosis. CACNA1S-related muscle weakness should be considered a cause of congenital astasia or weakness in calves. Genotyping is required for a definitive diagnosis because clinical and laboratory findings are non-specific.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diversity of piroplasma species in small rodents and ticks captured in suburbs of Gifu City, central Japan.","authors":"Yuka Matsuda, Misuzu Okajima, Yuji Fujii, Fumiki Izumi, Maho R Takahashi, Yuki Iwatake, Kyoko Saito, Yasuyo Terashi, Junji Moribe, Yasuhiro Takashima, Naoto Ito, Tatsunori Masatani","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0398","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Piroplasmas (Babesia and Theileria) are protozoa transmitted from ticks to warm-blooded animals. Some species of them, such as Babesia microti, can cause zoonotic infections. Although B. microti infections in wild rodents and ticks in Japan have been frequently reported in Hokkaido, there are only older reports of zoonotic babesiosis in other areas of Japan. In this study, we investigated prevalence of piroplasma species in wild rodents and ticks collected in near Gifu City, a central region in Japan, between 2021 and 2023 using nested-PCR to detect the 18S rRNA gene sequences of various piroplasma species. Among 87 wild rodents, piroplasma gene sequences detected in four large Japanese field mice (Apodemus speciosus) were 100% identical to B. microti Otsu/Hobetsu type. Notably, the gene detected in one pool of nymphal Haemaphysalis ticks was closely related to Babesia motasi-like isolates recently detected in human patients in South Korea. Additionally, the deer Theileria species, which has been widely detected throughout Asia, including Japan, was detected from Haemapyhsalis ticks. Our results indicate that a variety of piroplasmas, including piroplasmas that are potentially pathogenic to humans, such as B. microti Otsu/Hobetsu types and protozoa closely related to B. motasi, are distributed in the Gifu City area.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the efficicacy of myrcene in the treatment of Eimeria tenella and Toxoplasma gondii infection.","authors":"Nianyuan Chen, Qingxiu Cai, Shujing Wang, Qingyang Song, Ying Xie, Huijuan Shi, Hongmei Li, Xiaomin Zhao, Ningning Zhao, Xiao Zhang","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0397","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protozoan parasites such as Eimeria tenella and Toxoplasma gondii pose significant health challenges in livestock and humans. The limited treatment options and rising drug resistance underscore the urgent need for new therapies. This study investigates myrcene, a monoterpene hydrocarbon classified for its antiprotozoal potential against E. tenella and T. gondii infections. Initially, we examined its effect on the sporulation process of E. tenella oocysts in vitro and its anti-E. tenella activity in vivo. Myrcene significantly reduced the sporulation rate of E. tenella oocysts at 3 and 4 mg/kg. In vivo experiments demonstrated that treatment with 4 mg/kg myrcene significantly reduced E. tenella load and oocyst output, as well as cecal lesion and weight loss caused by E. tenella infection, showing moderate anti-E. tenella activity, with an Anticoccidial Index (ACI) of 161.4. Furthermore, we investigated the anti-T. gondii activity of myrcene both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies showed that treatment with myrcene effectively inhibited the invasion rate and intracellular proliferation ability of T. gondii tachyzoite in DF-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo administration prolonged the survival time in T. gondii-infected mice, suggesting notable protective effects. Additionally, it mitigated T. gondii-induced hepatosplenic toxicity by reducing parasite load in the liver and spleen, and ameliorating liver function as evidenced by decreased serum transaminase levels. In conclusion, the findings demonstrate promising anti-E. tenella and anti-T. gondii activity exhibited by myrcene warranting further exploration into its mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"32-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential of histamine release factor for the utilization as a universal vaccine antigen against poultry red mites, tropical fowl mites, and northern fowl mites.","authors":"Shwe Yee Win, Fumiya Horio, Jumpei Sato, Yoshinosuke Motai, Hikari Seo, Sotaro Fujisawa, Takumi Sato, Eiji Oishi, Lat Lat Htun, Saw Bawm, Tomohiro Okagawa, Naoya Maekawa, Satoru Konnai, Kazuhiko Ohashi, Shiro Murata","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0186","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poultry red mites (PRMs, Dermanyssus gallinae), tropical fowl mites (TFMs, Ornithonyssus bursa), and northern fowl mites (NFMs, Ornithonyssus sylviarum) are hematophagous mites that are distributed worldwide which pose a serious challenge to the poultry industry and negatively impact poultry production and welfare. Vaccines represent a promising approach for controlling avian mites, and the identification of antigens with broad efficacy against multiple avian mite species is advantageous for vaccine control. This study aimed to identify histamine release factor (HRF), which was previously reported as a candidate vaccine antigen against PRMs, from TFMs and NFMs and to analyze its cross-reactivity and acaricidal effects on different avian mite species. The deduced amino acid sequences of the HRFs identified in the TFMs and NFMs were highly homologous to those of the PRMs. We generated recombinant HRF (rHRF) of TFMs, NFMs, and PRMs, and immune plasma against each rHRF was produced by immunization with each antigen. The immune plasma contained antibodies specific to each antigen and showed cross-reactivity with rHRFs from different avian mites. Moreover, PRM nymphs (protonymphs) artificially fed each immune plasma showed higher mortality rates than those fed the control plasma. These results suggest that HRFs can be used as candidate antigens for a universal vaccine with broad efficacy across avian mites.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yui Morioka, Naoko Ano, Yuko Tatsuno, Kohji Nomura, Kiyokazu Ozaki
{"title":"Iridociliary adenoma with ballooning change in a dog.","authors":"Yui Morioka, Naoko Ano, Yuko Tatsuno, Kohji Nomura, Kiyokazu Ozaki","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0345","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An ocular mass was noted in the right iridociliary region of a 13-year-old male beagle dog. The right eyeball was surgically removed. Histopathologically, the mass was located mainly in the ciliary body and appeared to be continuous with non-pigmented epithelial cells. The polygonal neoplastic cells proliferated in sheets with periodic acid-Schiff-positive basement membrane material. Neoplastic cells had small round nuclei with no atypia or mitosis, and abundant, pale eosinophilic, granular, and rarified cytoplasm displayed ballooning change. No invasive growth or metastasis was observed. Immunohistochemically, the cells were positive for vimentin, neuron-specific enolase, and S100, and negative for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, Iba-1, CD204, MelanA, Sox10, and PNL2. Based on these findings, the lesion was diagnosed as an iridociliary adenoma with ballooning change.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bilateral congenital cystic eye with intraocular tissue differentiation in a horse.","authors":"Yuto Sano, Chisa Miura, Yuki Kinoshita, Miyu Kakimoto, Tomonori Tsuda, Kazuya Matsuda","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0285","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital cystic eye (CCE) is a rare congenital ocular disease, which has been suggested to be caused by problems with optic vesicle invagination. This is characterized by the formation of intraorbital cystic lesions lined by undifferentiated neuroepithelium. However, cases involving ocular structures with varying degrees of differentiation have also been reported as CCE in humans and animals. In horses, CCE have only been reported as a case presenting as neuroepithelial-lined cysts without the formation of ocular structures. This paper describes large bilateral intraorbital cysts in a 1-day-old horse. The histopathological findings revealed that the cysts were covered by neuroepithelium with formation of the lens, ciliary body, and optic nerve, and it was diagnosed as CCE. This report provides further variations of CCE in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"52-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aaron Paul R Serdeña, John Michael G Bernardo, Gladys Maria V Pangga, Saubel Ezrael A Salamat, Trisha Nicole Agulto, Mark Joseph M Desamero, Cj Philip G Atienza, Gabriel John A Calumpang, Ray Miguel P Canlas, Maureen Shane M Castillo, Allou Gabriela M Danao, Rozella Marie M Espino, Aliza Marie A Jacinto, Laika Ann Dennise G Morales, John Norman Daniel B Rico, Cherry P Fernandez-Colorado
{"title":"Molecular detection of African swine fever virus in pork and pork products and associated risk factors in the Philippines.","authors":"Aaron Paul R Serdeña, John Michael G Bernardo, Gladys Maria V Pangga, Saubel Ezrael A Salamat, Trisha Nicole Agulto, Mark Joseph M Desamero, Cj Philip G Atienza, Gabriel John A Calumpang, Ray Miguel P Canlas, Maureen Shane M Castillo, Allou Gabriela M Danao, Rozella Marie M Espino, Aliza Marie A Jacinto, Laika Ann Dennise G Morales, John Norman Daniel B Rico, Cherry P Fernandez-Colorado","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0193","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious hemorrhagic disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs with high mortality rate and severe socio-economic losses. Due to the virus' potential ability to remain infectious in suitable conditions and environments, it is imperative to identify risk factors that may contribute to its transmission. The Philippines' current ASF surveillance relies on pig blood samples. With this very limited epidemiological data, it is imperative to include raw meat and processed pork products due to high ASF transmission risks. In this study, a total of 384 raw pork and 384 processed pork products from selected wet markets were collected and detected the ASF virus (ASFv) VP72 gene using real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), and the overall positivity rates were 10.16% and 10.68%, respectively. Moreover, an interview with wet market vendors was conducted, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was employed to identify possible factors associated with sample positivity. Results showed that ASFv-positive samples were linked to zoning status, rainy seasons, Longganisa preparation, selling different meat types, longer pork batches, and cleaning or disinfection in market stalls. Overall, ASFv contamination in pork and processed pork products can pose a threat to the swine industry, and market practices may further lead to ASFv persistence in these commodities which may contribute to ASF spread. Therefore, there's a need to address this risk by strict surveillance and proper handling procedures throughout the food supply chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"13-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of signaling pathways induced by porcine parvovirus in porcine kidney-15 cells based on weighted correlation network analysis.","authors":"Tingting Lu, Xia Ma, Xinghui Song, Li Zhao","doi":"10.1292/jvms.24-0082","DOIUrl":"10.1292/jvms.24-0082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is an important trigger of reproductive issues in pigs. Infection of the porcine kidney-15 (PK-15) cells with PPV induces cell death and inflammation. To explore the impact of PPV infection on gene expression in PK-15 cells and to identify the associated signaling pathways, we performed weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) on both PPV-infected and uninfected cells. We identified the blue and brown modules, with the blue module demonstrating decreased gene expression and the brown module showing increased gene expression at 48 hr post-PPV induction. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that genes in the blue module were predominantly associated with cellular components, while those in the brown module were enriched in biological processes, including the immunological response to PPV infection. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the modules indicated that the \"Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction\" was linked to PPV. Furthermore, we screened 124 target genes involved in more than 100 pathways that interact with C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), which plays an essential role in regulating numerous biological processes. The signaling pathways we identified facilitate a comprehensive examination of the mechanisms of interactions initiated by PPV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":49959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1265-1272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}