Journal of Vision最新文献_第8页

Relative numerosity is constructed from size and density information: Evidence from adaptation. 相对数量是根据大小和密度信息构建的：适应的证据

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.4

Frank H Durgin, Zahara Martinez

{"title":"Relative numerosity is constructed from size and density information: Evidence from adaptation.","authors":"Frank H Durgin, Zahara Martinez","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.4","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.4","url":null,"abstract":"To dissociate aftereffects of size and density in the perception of relative numerosity, large or small adapter sizes were crossed with high or low adapter densities. A total of 48 participants were included in this preregistered design. To adapt the same retinotopic region as the large adapters, the small adapters were flashed in a sequence so as to \"paint\" the adapting density across the large region. Perceived numerosities and sizes in the adapted region were then compared to those in an unadapted region in separate blocks of trials, so that changes in density could be inferred. These density changes were found to be bidirectional and roughly symmetric, whereas the aftereffects of size and number were not symmetric. A simple account of these findings is that local adaptations to retinotopic density as well as global adaptations to size combine in producing numerosity aftereffects measured by assessing perceived relative number. Accounts based on number adaptation are contraindicated, in particular, by the result of adapting to a large, sparse adapter and testing with a stimulus with a double the density but half number of dots.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring attentional selection of object categories using hierarchical frequency tagging. 利用分层频率标记法测量物体类别的注意选择。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.8

Florian Gagsch, Christian Valuch, Thorsten Albrecht

{"title":"Measuring attentional selection of object categories using hierarchical frequency tagging.","authors":"Florian Gagsch, Christian Valuch, Thorsten Albrecht","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.8","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.8","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we used Hierarchical Frequency Tagging (Gordon et al., 2017) to investigate in electroencephalography how different levels of the neural processing hierarchy interact with category-selective attention during visual object recognition. We constructed stimulus sequences of cyclic wavelet scrambled face and house stimuli at two different frequencies (f1 = 0.8 Hz and f2 = 1 Hz). For each trial, two stimulus sequences of different frequencies were superimposed and additionally augmented by a sinusoidal contrast modulation with f3 = 12.5 Hz. This allowed us to simultaneously assess higher level processing using semantic wavelet-induced frequency-tagging (SWIFT) and processing in earlier visual levels using steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs), along with their intermodulation (IM) components. To investigate the category specificity of the SWIFT signal, we manipulated the category congruence between target and distractor by superimposing two sequences containing stimuli from the same or different object categories. Participants attended to one stimulus (target) and ignored the other (distractor). Our results showed successful tagging of different levels of the cortical hierarchy. Using linear mixed-effects modeling, we detected different attentional modulation effects on lower versus higher processing levels. SWIFT and IM components were substantially increased for target versus distractor stimuli, reflecting attentional selection of the target stimuli. In addition, distractor stimuli from the same category as targets elicited stronger SWIFT signals than distractor stimuli from a different category indicating category-selective attention. In contrast, for IM components, this category-selective attention effect was largely absent, indicating that IM components probably reflect more stimulus-specific processing.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The radial-tangential anisotropy of numerosity perception. 数字感知的径向-切向各向异性。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.15

Li L-Miao, Bert Reynvoet, Bilge Sayim

{"title":"The radial-tangential anisotropy of numerosity perception.","authors":"Li L-Miao, Bert Reynvoet, Bilge Sayim","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.15","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.15","url":null,"abstract":"Humans can estimate the number of visually presented items without counting. In most studies on numerosity perception, items are uniformly distributed across displays, with identical distributions in central and eccentric parts. However, the neural and perceptual representation of the human visual field differs between the fovea and the periphery. For example, in peripheral vision, there are strong asymmetries with regard to perceptual interferences between visual items. In particular, items arranged radially usually interfere more strongly with each other than items arranged tangentially (the radial-tangential anisotropy). This has been shown for crowding (the deleterious effect of clutter on target identification) and redundancy masking (the reduction of the number of perceived items in repeating patterns). In the present study, we tested how the radial-tangential anisotropy of peripheral vision impacts numerosity perception. In four experiments, we presented displays with varying numbers of discs that were predominantly arranged radially or tangentially, forming strong and weak interference conditions, respectively. Participants were asked to report the number of discs. We found that radial displays were reported as less numerous than tangential displays for all radial and tangential manipulations: weak (Experiment 1), strong (Experiment 2), and when using displays with mixed contrast polarity discs (Experiments 3 and 4). We propose that numerosity perception exhibits a significant radial-tangential anisotropy, resulting from local spatial interactions between items.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fork in the road: How self-efficacy related to walking across terrain influences gaze behavior and path choice. 岔路口：与穿越地形有关的自我效能感如何影响注视行为和路径选择。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.7

Vinicius da Eira Silva, Daniel S Marigold

{"title":"Fork in the road: How self-efficacy related to walking across terrain influences gaze behavior and path choice.","authors":"Vinicius da Eira Silva, Daniel S Marigold","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.7","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.7","url":null,"abstract":"Decisions about where to move occur throughout the day and are essential to life. Different movements may present different challenges and affect the likelihood of achieving a goal. Certain choices may have unintended consequences, some of which may cause harm and bias the decision. Movement decisions rely on a person gathering necessary visual information via shifts in gaze. Here we sought to understand what influences this information-seeking gaze behavior. Participants chose between walking across one of two paths that consisted of terrain images found in either hiking or urban environments. We manipulated the number and type of terrain of each path, which altered the amount of available visual information. We recorded gaze behavior during the approach to the paths and had participants rate the confidence in their ability to walk across each terrain type (i.e., self-efficacy) as though it was real. Participants did not direct gaze more to the path with greater visual information, regardless of how we quantified information. Rather, we show that a person's perception of their motor abilities predicts how they visually explore the environment with their eyes as well as their choice of action. The greater the self-efficacy in walking across one path, the more they directed gaze to it and the more likely they chose to walk across it.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11244644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of scene aspect ratio and depth cues on verticality perception bias. 场景长宽比和深度线索对垂直感知偏差的影响

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.12

Kanon Fujimoto, Hiroshi Ashida

{"title":"Influence of scene aspect ratio and depth cues on verticality perception bias.","authors":"Kanon Fujimoto, Hiroshi Ashida","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.12","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.12","url":null,"abstract":"Perceiving verticality is crucial for accurate spatial orientation. Previous research has revealed that tilted scenes can bias verticality perception. Verticality perception bias can be represented as the sum of multiple periodic functions that play a role in the perception of visual orientation, where the specific factors affecting each periodicity remain uncertain. This study investigated the influence of the width and depth of an indoor scene on each periodic component of the bias. The participants were presented with an indoor scene showing a rectangular checkerboard room (Experiment 1), a rectangular aperture on the wall (Experiment 2), or a rectangular dotted room (Experiment 3), with various aspect ratios. The stimuli were presented with roll orientations ranging from 90° clockwise to 90° counterclockwise. The participants were asked to report their subjective visual vertical (SVV) perceptions. The contributions of 45°, 90°, and 180° periodicities to the SVV error were assessed by the weighted vector sum model. In Experiment 1, the periodic components of the SVV error increased with the aspect ratio. In Experiments 2 and 3, only the 90° component increased with the aspect ratio. These findings suggest that extended transverse surfaces may modulate the periodic components of verticality perception.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11282478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age effects on predictive eye movements for action. 年龄对预测动作眼动的影响

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.6.8

Leonard Gerharz, Eli Brenner, Jutta Billino, Dimitris Voudouris

{"title":"Age effects on predictive eye movements for action.","authors":"Leonard Gerharz, Eli Brenner, Jutta Billino, Dimitris Voudouris","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.6.8","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.6.8","url":null,"abstract":"When interacting with the environment, humans typically shift their gaze to where information is to be found that is useful for the upcoming action. With increasing age, people become slower both in processing sensory information and in performing their movements. One way to compensate for this slowing down could be to rely more on predictive strategies. To examine whether we could find evidence for this, we asked younger (19-29 years) and older (55-72 years) healthy adults to perform a reaching task wherein they hit a visual target that appeared at one of two possible locations. In separate blocks of trials, the target could appear always at the same location (predictable), mainly at one of the locations (biased), or at either location randomly (unpredictable). As one might expect, saccades toward predictable targets had shorter latencies than those toward less predictable targets, irrespective of age. Older adults took longer to initiate saccades toward the target location than younger adults, even when the likely target location could be deduced. Thus we found no evidence of them relying more on predictive gaze. Moreover, both younger and older participants performed more saccades when the target location was less predictable, but again no age-related differences were found. Thus we found no tendency for older adults to rely more on prediction.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 6","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the role of action-driven attention in ensemble processing. 研究行动驱动的注意力在集合处理中的作用。

IF 1.8 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.6.5

Kristina Knox, Jay Pratt, Jonathan S Cant

{"title":"Examining the role of action-driven attention in ensemble processing.","authors":"Kristina Knox, Jay Pratt, Jonathan S Cant","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.6.5","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.6.5","url":null,"abstract":"Ensemble processing allows the visual system to condense visual information into useful summary statistics (e.g., average size), thereby overcoming capacity limitations to visual working memory and attention. To examine the role of attention in ensemble processing, we conducted three experiments using a novel paradigm that merged the action effect (a manipulation of attention) and ensemble processing. Participants were instructed to make a simple action if the feature of a cue word corresponded to a subsequent shape. Immediately after, they were shown an ensemble display of eight ovals of varying sizes and were asked to report either the average size of all ovals or the size of a single oval from the set. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were cued with a task-relevant feature, and in Experiment 3, participants were cued with a task-irrelevant feature. Overall, the task-relevant cues that elicited an action influenced reports of average size in the ensemble phase more than the cues that were passively viewed, whereas task-irrelevant cues did not bias the reports of average size. The results of this study suggest that attention influences ensemble processing only when it is directed toward a task-relevant feature.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 6","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11160948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141262085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do microsaccades vary with discriminability around the visual field? 微注视会随着视野周围的可辨别性而变化吗？

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.6.11

Simran Purokayastha, Mariel Roberts, Marisa Carrasco

{"title":"Do microsaccades vary with discriminability around the visual field?","authors":"Simran Purokayastha, Mariel Roberts, Marisa Carrasco","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.6.11","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.6.11","url":null,"abstract":"Microsaccades-tiny fixational eye movements-improve discriminability in high-acuity tasks in the foveola. To investigate whether they help compensate for low discriminability at the perifovea, we examined microsaccade characteristics relative to the adult visual performance field, which is characterized by two perceptual asymmetries: horizontal-vertical anisotropy (better discrimination along the horizontal than vertical meridian) and vertical meridian asymmetry (better discrimination along the lower than upper vertical meridian). We investigated whether and to what extent microsaccade directionality varies when stimuli are at isoeccentric locations along the cardinals under conditions of heterogeneous discriminability (Experiment 1) and homogeneous discriminability, equated by adjusting stimulus contrast (Experiment 2). Participants performed a two-alternative forced-choice orientation discrimination task. In both experiments, performance was better on trials without microsaccades between ready signal onset and stimulus offset than on trials with microsaccades. Across the trial sequence, the microsaccade rate and directional pattern were similar across locations. Our results indicate that microsaccades were similar regardless of stimulus discriminability and target location, except during the response period-once the stimuli were no longer present and target location no longer uncertain-when microsaccades were biased toward the target location. Thus, this study reveals that microsaccades do not flexibly adapt as a function of varying discriminability in a basic visual task around the visual field.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 6","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11178122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review: Binocular double vision in the presence of visual field loss. 回顾：视野缺损时的双眼复视。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.6.13

Eli Peli, Jae-Hyun Jung

{"title":"Review: Binocular double vision in the presence of visual field loss.","authors":"Eli Peli, Jae-Hyun Jung","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.6.13","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.6.13","url":null,"abstract":"Binocular double vision in strabismus is marked by diplopia (seeing the same object in two different directions) and visual confusion (seeing two different objects in the same direction). In strabismus with full visual field, the diplopia coexists with visual confusion across most of the binocular field. With visual field loss, or with use of partial prism segments for field expansion, the two phenomena may be separable. This separability is the focus of this review and offers new insights into binocular function. We show that confusion is necessary but is not sufficient for field expansion. Diplopia plays no role in field expansion but is necessary for clinical testing of strabismus, making such testing difficult in field loss conditions with confusion without diplopia. The roles of the three-dimensional structure of the real world and the dynamic of eye movements within that structure are considered as well. Suppression of one eye's partial view under binocular vision that develops in early-onset (childhood) strabismus is assumed to be a sensory adaption to diplopia. This assumption can be tested using the separation of diplopia and confusion.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 6","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11193068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Watercolor spreading in Bridget Riley's and Piet Mondrian's op-art placed in the context of recent watercolor studies. 布里奇特-莱利（Bridget Riley）和皮特-蒙德里安（Piet Mondrian）的op-art中的水彩画，并结合近期的水彩画研究。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.6.15

Lothar Spillmann

{"title":"Watercolor spreading in Bridget Riley's and Piet Mondrian's op-art placed in the context of recent watercolor studies.","authors":"Lothar Spillmann","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.6.15","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.6.15","url":null,"abstract":"The watercolor effect (WCE) is a striking visual illusion elicited by a bichromatic double contour, such as a light orange and a dark purple, hugging each other on a white background. Color assimilation, emanating from the lighter contour, spreads onto the enclosed surface area, thereby tinting it with a chromatic veil, not unlike a weak but real color. Map makers in the 17th century utilized the WCE to better demarcate the shape of adjoining states, while 20th-century artist Bridget Riley created illusory watercolor as part of her op-art. Today's visual scientists study the WCE for its filling-in properties and strong figure-ground segregation. This review emphasizes the superior strength of the WCE for grouping and figure-ground organization vis-à-vis the classical Gestalt factors of Max Wertheimer (1923), thereby inspiring a notion of form from induced color. It also demonstrates that a thin chromatic line, flanking the inside of a black Mondrian-type pattern, induces the WCE across a large white surface area. Phenomenological, psychophysical, and neurophysiological approaches are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 6","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11204060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0